课外延伸-Gender and Communication Across Cultures资料文件与下载

Books（推荐书目）

Tannen, D.You Just Don’t Understand: Women and Men in Conversation. New York: William Morrow &Co,1990.

Wood, J.T. Gender, Communication, and Culture. In L.A. Samovar & R.E.Porter (eds.) Intercultural Communication: A Reader (7^th edition). Belmont, Calif: Wadsworth Publishing Co.,1994.

Jennifer Coates. Language and Gender, a Reader. Blackwell Publishing, 1998.

Websites（推荐网址）

https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/he-speaks-she-speaks/201606/gender-communication-it-s-complicated

https://www.speechmastery.com/gender-differences-in-communication.html

Further Reading （拓展阅读）

Six Principles for Effective Cross-gender Communication

──Adapted from “Gender, Communication and Culture” by Julia T. Wood

We are inclined to think what differs from our own standards as wrong. For example, a woman might assume a man is closed because he does not disclose as much as she does, while a man might regard a women intrusive if she cares too much about his feeling. Instead of debating which is better, either feminine or masculine style of communication, we should learn to see difference as mere difference. The following six principles are constructive in achieving effective cross-gender communication.

Suspend judgement

This is first and foremost, because as long as we are judging differences, we are not respecting them. When you find yourself confused in cross-gender communications, resist the tendency to judge. Instead, explore constructively what is happening and how you and your partner might better understand each other.

Recognize the validity of different communication styles

In cross-gender communication, we need to remind ourselves that there is a logic and validity to both feminine and masculine communication styles. It is inappropriate to apply a single criterion──either masculine or feminine──to both genders’ communication. Indeed, we need to realize that different goals, priorities and standards pertain to each.

Provide translation cues

Now that you realize men and women tend to lean and apply different rules for interaction, it makes sense to think about helping the other gender understand you communication.

Seek translation cues

We can also improve our interactions by seeking translation cues from others.

Enlarge your own communication style

Study other culture’s communication teaches us to not only about other cultures, but also about ourselves. If we are open to leaning and growing, we can improve our own communication skills. Men could learn a great deal from feminine communication style about how to support others. Similarly, women could expand the ways they experience intimacy by appreciating “closeness in doing”. There is little to risk and much to gain by incorporating additional skills into our personal repertoire.

Suspend judgement

If you are thinking we have already covered this principle, you are right. It is  important enough, however, to merit repetition. Judgement is so thoroughly woven into Western culture as well as Eastern culture that it is difficult not to evaluate others and difficult to resist our own positions. Yet as long as we judge others and defend ourselves, we are probably making no advancement in communicating more effectively. Therefore, suspending judgement is the first and last principles of effective cross-gender communication.