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In this section
大家好,欢迎来到第二单元电影的形式的第二讲

we will focus on one technique
在这一讲中,我们重点来看一种

that contributes to the form
在电影形式中起到重要作用的技术

namely mise-en-scène(场面调度).
场面调度

We first look at the definition of mise-en-scène
我们先看一下场面调度的定义

and then we will go deeper
然后再进一步

to study one aspect relating to mise-en-scène
就场面调度相关的一个方面深入学习

that is setting(布景).
布景

What is mise-en-scène?
什么是场面调度呢?

In its original French
这个词源于法语

mise-en-scène means “putting into the scene”.
意思是“放到布景中”

It was first applied in directing plays in theatre.
它最先是用在戏剧导演的实践中

Films scholars then adopted this term
电影学者们后来将该术语

to film direction
用在电影导演上

and use it to discuss the director’s control
并以它来讨论电影导演

over what appears in the film frame.
对电影景框中出现的内容的控制

Mise-en-scène includes those aspects of film
场面调度包括了

that overlap with the art of theater
许多与舞台艺术相同的元素

such as setting, lighting, costume, and acting.
如场景、灯光、服装及表演等

Once a film starts
一旦电影开始

we are immediately drawn
我们就会立即

to what appears on screen.
被屏幕上出现的内容所吸引

This is the power of mise-en-scène
这就是场面调度的力量

namely building up a brand new story world
即构建一个全新的故事世界

for the viewer
给观众们

but at the same making them believe
但同时也让他们相信

what they actually see exist.
他们所看到的是真实存在的

We often judge mise-en-scène
我们经常判断场面调度

by standards of realism.
通过现实主义的标准

How real is the costume
服装有多真实

how real is the facial expression
面部表情有多真实

how real is the setting, and so on.
布景有多么真实,等等

Nowadays
如今

with the advancement in technology and design
随着技术和设计的进步

many sci-fi movies are designed in a way
许多科幻电影的场面调度

that mise-en-scène looks so real to us
设计得如此真实

that we are made to believe
让我们甚至相信

that such virtual spaces actually exist.
这样的虚拟空间是存在的

Classic examples include Star Wars series
比较典型的例子包括《星球大战》系列

Interstellar (2014)
《星际穿越》(2014年)

and Jurassic World (2015)
《侏罗纪世界》(2015年)

and its sequel (2018).
及其续集(2018年)

There are four major aspects of mise-en-scène
场面调度有四个主要方面

namely: setting, lighting, character appearance
即:布景,灯光,角色出场

and performance.
和表演

In the rest of this section,
接下来,

we will focus on setting.
我们将重点来看布景。

In film narrative
在电影叙事中

setting refers to the historical
布景是指

and geographical locations
事件发生的历史

where the events take place.
和地理位置

To put it short
简而言之

setting tells us about when and where.
布景告诉我们时间和地点

Setting is not only a container for human events
布景不仅是人类行为的容器

but also can dynamically enter the narrative action.
还可以动态地加入叙事事件中

The filmmaker may control setting in many ways.
导演有多种方式控制布景

One way is to select
方式之一就是

an already exiting locale in which
在现成的地点

to stage the action.
进行布置

Today filmmakers often go on location to shoot.
现今,导演都会到现场取景拍摄

On the other hand, the filmmaker may choose
当然,导演也可以选择

to construct the setting.
造景

In production factories
在影片生产基地

filmmakers construct artificial settings in studios.
导演们可以在摄影棚中制造出人工布景

Some directors have emphasized authenticity
有的导演会强调布景的真实性

other films have been less committed
有的则不那么忠于

to historical accuracy.
历史的准确性。

For example
例如

in the film Gone with the Wind
电影《乱世佳人》中

the outbreak of American civil war
美国内战的爆发

is presented as the civilians fleeing out of town.
是通过展现慌忙逃离城镇的平民来表现的

This is taken in a long shot
导演通过一个远景镜头

where people and buggies with luggage
来表现拖着行李的人和四轮马车

running around, creating a dusty, chaotic
四处穿行,创造了一个尘土飞扬、

and war-like landscape
深受战乱纷扰的

of an American southern town.
美国南部小镇的景观

The overall design of a setting
布景的整体设计

can significantly shape
可以极大地影响

how we understand story action.
我们对剧情的了解

This setting of the chaotic Southern town
混乱的南方小镇场景

helps us understand better
帮助我们进一步理解

the main character Scarlett
主人公斯嘉丽

who decides to stay with her heavily
选择跟她

pregnant cousin
即将临产的表姐待在一起

instead of visiting her sick parents.
而不是去看望她生病的父母

Another important component of setting
布景中的另一个重要元素

is colors and color combination.
是色彩和色彩组合

The above shots from Gone with the Wind
上述中《乱世佳人》的镜头

are in orange brown
主要是橘棕色

accompanied by the explosions
伴随着战火中的爆炸

which made the air filled with dust.
空气充满了灰尘

As the war continues for nearly a month
由于战争持续了近一个月

the town was destroyed by the Northern army
小镇被北方军队摧毁

leading to big fires everywhere.
镇上到处都是大火

Now the color changes from orange to deep red
现在颜色从橙色变为深红色

signifying destroy and desertion
意味着毁灭和遗弃

as we can see in this picture.
如图所示

After this war scene
这场战争场景后

Scarlett decided to go back to her hometown
斯嘉丽决定回到家乡

for her parents
为了父母

only to find dead bodies and burnt houses.
却只找到尸体和烧焦的房子

Now, as in this picture
如在这张照片中

the color changes to a much cooler hue
颜色变为较冷的色调

a combination of dark and grey.
黑灰色的组合

This color combination is clearly associated
这种色彩组合明显与

with destroy and death
毁灭和死亡有关

the death of people and the death of hopes.
人的死亡和希望的死亡

The change in the settings’ colors supports
布景颜色的变化有助于

a narrative development
展开叙事

which shows a vivid landscape
表现出一个生动的

that is transformed by war.
因战争而改变的场景

In the next section
在下一讲中

we will look at lighting in terms of mise-en-scène.
我们会谈到场面调度中的灯光

Thank you for watching.
谢谢观看

英语电影与文化课程列表:

Part I Form and Narrative Unit 1 Film Form I.

-1.1 Overview

--Video

-1.2 Mise-en-scène: setting

--Video

-1.3 Mise-en-scène: lighting

--Video

-1.4 Mise-en-scène: character appearance

--Video

-1.5 Mise-en-scène: performance

--Video

-1.6 Screen space and composition

--Video

-1.7 Case study

--Video

-Unit1 Questions for discussion

-Unit 1 单元测试

-Unit 1 Film Form I

Unit 2 Film Form II

-2.1 Introduction of cinematography

--Video

-2.2 Cinematography: angle of framing

--Video

-2.3 Cinematography: camera distance

--Video

-2.4 Cinematography: mobile framing

--Video

-2.5 Case study

--Video

-Unit 2 Questions for discussion

-Unit 2 单元测试

-Unit 2 Film Form II

Unit 3 Film Narrative I

-3.1 Overview

--Video

-3.2 Openings, closings, and story development

--Video

-3.3 Range of story information: restricted or unrestricted

--Video

-Unit 3 Questions for discussion

-Unit 3 单元测试

-Unit 3 Film Narrative I

Unit 4 Film Narrative II

-4.1 Overview

--Video

-4.2 Editing and speed of narrative

--Video

-4.3 Chronology and continuity editing

--Video

-4.4 Flashbacks and editing

--Video

-Unit 4 Questions for Discussion

-Unit 4 单元测试

-Unit 4 Film Narrative II

Part II Film Critique Unit 5 Film Semiotics

-5.1 Overview

--Video

-5.2 What is semiotics?

--Video

-5.3 Christian Metz

--Video

-5.4 Roland Barthes (Part 1)

--Video

-5.5 Roland Barthes (Part 2)

--Video

-5.6 Case study: 2001: A Space Odyssey

--Video

-Unit 5 Questions for Discussion

-Unit 5 单元测试

-Unit 5 Film Semiotics

Unit 6 Film Ideology

-6.1 Overview

--Video

-6.2 Origins of film ideology

--Video

-6.3 Media and technology

--Video

-6.4 Cultural hegemony and counterhegemony

--Video

-6.5 Case study: Star Trek

--Video

-Unit 6 Questions for discussion

-Unit 6 单元测试

-Film Ideology

Unit 7 Film and Gender

-7.1 Overview

--Video

-7.2 Woman and film

--Video

-7.3 Feminist film theory and practice

--Video

-7.4 Case study: Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri

--Video

-7.5 Masculinity

--Video

-7.6 Queer Cinema

--Video

-Unit 7 Questions for discussion

-Unit 7 单元测试

-Unit 7 Film and Gender

Unit 8 Film and Race

-8.1 Overview

--Video

-8.2 Race and racism

--Video

-8.3 Stereotypes of racial representation

--Video

-8.4 Whiteness

--Video

-8.5 Case study: Rabbit-Proof Fence

--Video

-Unit 8 Questions for discussion

-Unit 8 单元测试

-Unit 8 Film and Race

Unit 9 Film and Ethnicity

-9.1 Overview

--Video

-9.2 Edward Said and Orientalism

--Video

-9.3 Cultural Imperialism

--Video

-9.4 Self-orientation

--Video

-9.5 Case study I: Mulan

--Video

-9.6 Case study II: M Butterfly

--Video

-Unit 9 Questions for discussion

-Unit 9 单元测试

-Unit 9 Film and Ethnicity

Unit 10 Film and Psychoanalysis

-10.1 Overview

--Video

-10.2 Early Background

--Video

-10.3 Jacques Lacan

--Video

-10.4 Laura Mulvey

--Video

-10.5 Case Study: Shutter Island

--Video

-Unit 10 Questions for discussion

-Unit 10 单元测试

-Unit 10 Film and Psychoanalysis

Part III Synthesis Unit 11 The English Patient: Form and Narrative

-11.1 Overview

--Video

-11.2 Story

--Video

-11.3 Character: the enigmatic English patient

--Video

-11.4 Mise-en-scène: setting

--Video

-11.5 Narrative

--Video

-11.6 Music

--Video

-Unit 11 Questions for discussion

-Unit 11 单元测试

-Unit 11 The English Patient: Form and Narrative

Unit 12 The English Patient: Critical Analysis

-12.1 Signs and Symbols

--Video

-12.2 Nationalism in The English Patient

--Video

-12.3 Almasy as the misogynist and Katharine as a feminist

--Video

-12.4 Kip as the Other

--Video

-Unit 12 Questions for discussion

-Unit 12 单元测试

-Unit 12 The English Patient: Critical Analysis

Video笔记与讨论

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