当前课程知识点：Animal Anatomy > Chapter 14 The Anatomical Characteristics Of Avian > Section 5 Cardiovascular and Lymphatic System > Cardiovascular and Lymphatic System of Avian-Video
各位同学 大家好
我是来自中国农业大学的曹静
今天我们来学习家禽的解剖特征
那我们再来看看心血管系统
家禽的心占整体的比例相对较大
它位于胸腔的腹侧 呈圆锥形
心基朝向前上方 与第1肋骨相对
心尖斜向后上方 正对第5肋骨
夹于两肝叶之间
心的构造与哺乳动物相似
也分为两心房和两心室
家禽的左心室发出主动脉
形成右动脉弓
延续为降主动脉
主动脉弓向前分出左右臂头动脉
每一臂头动脉
又分为颈总动脉和锁骨下动脉
两颈总动脉出胸前口
进入颈椎腹侧的肌肉间
沿中线 并列向前行
到颈前端 从肌肉间走出 分向头部
锁骨下动脉延续为翼部动脉
而坐骨动脉是一对 相对较粗
是供应后肢的主要动脉
我们再来看看淋巴系统
家禽的淋巴器官
包括有中枢淋巴器官和外周淋巴器官
中枢淋巴器官包括有胸腺和腔上囊
胸腺位于颈部两侧皮下
每侧一般有7叶到5叶
呈淡粉红色 椭圆形的片状
它沿颈静脉两侧分布
直到胸前口处与甲状腺相接
性成熟前发育至最大 此后逐渐退化
而且会留有一些遗迹
其组织学结构与哺乳动物的胸腺相似
而且胸腺小体 不典型
腔上囊为家禽所特有的淋巴器官
位于泄殖腔的背侧 开口于肛道
那么鸡呈球形
那么对于鸭和鹅呈长椭圆形
雏鸡在孵出时已经存在
那么在性成熟以后 它会发育至最大
那随后开始退化 直至完全消失
腔上囊主要与体液免疫有关
是产生B淋巴细胞的初级淋巴器官
而脾脏位于腺胃与肌胃的交界处右侧
那么鸡呈钝三角形 鸽呈长形
那么质地柔软而呈红褐色
其白髓与红髓分界不明显
对于家禽 它的脾脏主要参与免疫功能
贮血作用相对不明显
而淋巴结只见于水禽
那么像鸭和鹅有两对
那么在淋巴管壁内发育而成
一对为颈胸淋巴结 另一对为腰淋巴结
而鸡没有淋巴结
-Introduction
-Introduction-Homework
-Section 1 General Introduction to Bone
--General Introduction to Bone-1-Video
--General Introduction to Bone-2-Video
-General Introduction to Bone-Homework
-Section 2 Skull
-Skull-Homework
-Section 3 Torso Bone
-Torso Bone-Homework
-Section 4 Forelimb Bone
-Forelimb Bone-Homework
-Section 5 Hindlimb Bone
-Hindlimb Bone-Homework
-Section 6 Overview of Bone Connection
--Overview of Bone Connection-Video
-Overview of Bone Connection-Homework
-Section 7 Whole Body Bone Connection
--Whole Body Bone Connection-Video
-Whole Body Bone Connection-Homework
-Section 8 Muscle Overview
-Muscle Overview-Homework
-Section 9 Whole Body Muscles
-Whole Body Muscles-Homework
-Introduction of Viscera
--Introduction of Viscera-Video
-Introduction of Viscera-Homework
-Sction 1 Oral Cavity
-Oral Cavity-Homework
-Section 2 Salivary Glands
-Salivary Glands-Homework
-Section 3 Ruminant Stomach
-Ruminant Stomach-Homework
-Section 4 Single Chamber Stomach
--Single Chamber Stomach-Video
-Single Chamber Stomach-Homework
-Section 5 Intestine
--Intestine of Bovine and Sheep
-Intestine-Homework
-Section 6 Liver and Pancreas
-Liver and Pancreas-Homework
-Section 1 Nose, Pharynx and Larynx
--Nose, Pharynx and Larynx-Video
-Nose, Pharynx and Larynx-Homework
-Section 2 Trachea, Bronchus and Lung
--Trachea, Bronchus and Lung-Video
-Trachea, Bronchus and Lung-Homework
- The Urinary System
-The Urinary System-Homework
-Section 1 Female Reproductive System
--Female Reproductive System-Video
-The Female Reproductive System--Homework
-Section 2 Male Reproductive System
--Male Reproductive System-Video
-The Male Reproductive System-Homework
-Section 1 Introduction of the Cardiovascular System
--Introduction of the Cardiovascular System-Video
-Introduction of the Cardiovascular System--Homework
-Section 2 Heart
-The Heart--Homework
-Section 3 Arteries
-The Vessels--Homework
-Section 4 Veins
-The Veins--Homework
-The Cardiocascular System-PPT
-Section 1 Composition of Lymphatic System
--Compositiion of Lymphatic System-Video
-Composition of the Lymphatic System--Homework
-Section 2 Central Lymphoid Organs
--Central Lymphoid Organs-Video
-The Central Lymphoid Organs--Homework
-Section 3 Peripheral Lymphoid Organs
--Peripheral Lymphoid Organs-Video
-The Peripheral Lymphoid Organs--Homework
-Section 1 Overview of Nervous System
--Overview of Nervous System-Video
-Overview of Nervous System--Homework
-Section 2 Spinal Cord
-Spinal Cord--Homework
-Section 3 Brain
-The Brain--Homework
-Section 4 Spinal Nerve
-Spinal Nerve--Homework
-Section 5 Brain Nerve
-Brain Nerves--Homework
-Section 6 Vegetative Nerve
-Vegetative Nerve--Homework
-Section 1 Overview of Endocrine System
--Overview of Endocrine System-Video
-Overview of Endocrine System--Homework
-Section 2 Endocrine Organs
-Endocrine Organs--Homework
-Section 3 Pineal Gland
-Pineal Gland--Homework
-Section 4 Thyroid Gland
-Thyroid Gland--Homework
-Section 5 Parathyroid Gland
-Parathyroid Gland--Homework
-Section 6 Adrenal Gland
-Adrenal Gland--Homework
-Section 7 Endocrine Tissues
-Endocrine Tissues--Homework
-Section 1 Visual Organs
-The Visual Organs--Homework
-Section 2 Auditory Organs
-Auditory Organs--Homework
-Section 1 Skin and Hair
-Skin and Hair--Homework
-Section 2 Hoof and Horn
-Hoof and Horn--Homework
-Section 3 Mammary Gland
-Mammary Gland--Homework
-Section 1 Locomotor System
--Locomotor System of Avian-Video
-Locomotor System--Homework
-Section 2 Digestive System
--Digestive System of Avian-Video
-Digestive System--Homework
-Section 3 Respiratory and Urinary System
--Respiratory and Urinary System of Avian-Video
-Respiratory and Urinary System--Homework
-Section 4 Reproductive System
--Reproductive System of Avian-Video
-Reproductive System--Homework
-Section 5 Cardiovascular and Lymphatic System
--Cardiovascular and Lymphatic System of Avian-Video
-Cardiovascular and Lymphatic System--Homework
-Section 6 Endocrine and Nervous System
--Endocrine and Nervous Sysem of Avian-Video
-Endocrine and Nervous System--Homework
-Section 7 Sensory and Integumentary System
--Sensory and Integumentary System of Avian-Video
-The Sensory and Integumentary System--Homework
-The Anatomical Characteristics of Avian-ppt
-The Final Examination·
