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Endocrine and Nervous Sysem of Avian-Video课程教案、知识点、字幕

各位同学 大家好

我是来自中国农业大学的曹静

今天我们来学习家禽的解剖特征

家禽的内分泌器官

包括有甲状腺 甲状旁腺

肾上腺 腮后腺 松果体和脑垂体

右侧图中所显示的绿色部分

表示家禽的脑垂体所在的位置

它位于视交叉的后方 下丘脑的腹侧

下方的图表示家禽脑的正中矢状面

红色代表的是松果体

从外观上看它呈长柄状

是以一条细柄连接于第三脑室的顶壁

我们再来看看其它内分泌器官的位置

左侧图上方所显示的是肾上腺

它位于肾的上方

呈卵圆形或者是三角锥状

右侧图所显示是家禽颈部结构

那么像19所显示的是甲状腺

它位于胸腔入口处

气管的两旁 胸腺的后部 呈椭圆形

其后方的18所显示的是甲状旁腺

我们再来看看真实的解剖照片

左图所显示的是家禽颈部的解剖结构

在颈部末端 呈三角锥状

浅黄色的为甲状腺

在甲状腺后方 呈乳白色

米粒状大小的是甲状旁腺

右下方所显示的是位于颈部两侧的胸腺

在胸腺附近

能清楚的看到非常明显的颈神经

那么我们再来看看家禽的神经系统

家禽的脊髓于枕骨大孔与脑相连

向后延伸为脊柱椎管的全长

后端形成脊髓圆锥而不形成马尾

脊髓直径各部各不等

颈椎部和腰椎部形成颈膨大和腰膨大

它是翼部和腿部的低级运动中枢

而后者更发达

家禽的脑无沟回

小脑缺半球 只有蚓部

图中所显示的是禽脑的背侧面

正中矢状面和大脑半球

我们会发现

家禽的脑同样具有脑干的结构

即包括有间脑 中脑 脑桥和延髓

在大脑半球的后方 有发达的视顶盖

它是中脑的前丘 与视觉有关

因此 家禽具有发达的视觉机能

而嗅球较小

我们通过比较

鼠脑和鸡脑的解剖结构会发现

鼠脑的嗅球比鸡的嗅球更明显

说明鼠的嗅觉功能比鸡要发达

而且 鼠脑的小脑半球发达

家禽的小脑半球消失

它形成了小脑绒球

而且我们也发现了

二者的大脑皮层相对比较光滑

说明它们均属于低等的脊椎动物

Animal Anatomy课程列表:

Chapter 1 Introduction

-Introduction

--Introduction-Video

-Introduction-Homework

-Introduction-PPT

-Moral Education

Chaper 2 The Locomotor System

-Section 1 General Introduction to Bone

--General Introduction to Bone-1-Video

--General Introduction to Bone-2-Video

-General Introduction to Bone-Homework

-Section 2 Skull

--Skull-Video

-Skull-Homework

-Section 3 Torso Bone

--Torso Bone-Video

-Torso Bone-Homework

-Section 4 Forelimb Bone

--Forelimb Bone-Video

-Forelimb Bone-Homework

-Section 5 Hindlimb Bone

--Hindlimb Bone-Video

-Hindlimb Bone-Homework

-Section 6 Overview of Bone Connection

--Overview of Bone Connection-Video

-Overview of Bone Connection-Homework

-Section 7 Whole Body Bone Connection

--Whole Body Bone Connection-Video

-Whole Body Bone Connection-Homework

-Section 8 Muscle Overview

--Muscle Overview-Video

-Muscle Overview-Homework

-Section 9 Whole Body Muscles

--Whole Body Muscles-1-Video

--Whole Body Muscles-2-Video

--Whole Body Muscles-3-Video

-Whole Body Muscles-Homework

-Locomotor System-PPT

-Moral Education

Chapter 3 Introduction of Viscera

-Introduction of Viscera

--Introduction of Viscera-Video

-Introduction of Viscera-Homework

-Introduction of Viscera-PPT

Chapter 4 The Digestive System

-Sction 1 Oral Cavity

--Oral Cavity-Video

--Tooth-Video

--Tongue-Video

-Oral Cavity-Homework

-Section 2 Salivary Glands

--Salivary Gland-Video

-Salivary Glands-Homework

-Section 3 Ruminant Stomach

--Ruminant Stomach-Video

-Ruminant Stomach-Homework

-Section 4 Single Chamber Stomach

--Single Chamber Stomach-Video

-Single Chamber Stomach-Homework

-Section 5 Intestine

--Intestine of Bovine and Sheep

--Intestine of Horse

--Intestine of Swine and Dog

-Intestine-Homework

-Section 6 Liver and Pancreas

--Liver and Pancrease

-Liver and Pancreas-Homework

-The Digestive System-PPT

Chapter 5 The Respiratory System

-Section 1 Nose, Pharynx and Larynx

--Nose, Pharynx and Larynx-Video

-Nose, Pharynx and Larynx-Homework

-Section 2 Trachea, Bronchus and Lung

--Trachea, Bronchus and Lung-Video

-Trachea, Bronchus and Lung-Homework

-The Respiratory System-ppt

-Moral Education

Chapter 6 The Urinary System

- The Urinary System

--The Urinary System-1-Video

--The Urinary System-2-Video

-The Urinary System-Homework

-The Urinary System-ppt

Chapter 7 The Reproductive System

-Section 1 Female Reproductive System

--Female Reproductive System-Video

-The Female Reproductive System--Homework

-Section 2 Male Reproductive System

--Male Reproductive System-Video

-The Male Reproductive System-Homework

-Reproduction System-PPT

-Moral Education

Chapter 8 The Cardiovascular System

-Section 1 Introduction of the Cardiovascular System

--Introduction of the Cardiovascular System-Video

-Introduction of the Cardiovascular System--Homework

-Section 2 Heart

--Heart-Video

-The Heart--Homework

-Section 3 Arteries

--Arteries-Video

-The Vessels--Homework

-Section 4 Veins

--Veins-Video

-The Veins--Homework

-The Cardiocascular System-PPT

Chapter 9 The Lymphatic System

-Section 1 Composition of Lymphatic System

--Compositiion of Lymphatic System-Video

-Composition of the Lymphatic System--Homework

-Section 2 Central Lymphoid Organs

--Central Lymphoid Organs-Video

-The Central Lymphoid Organs--Homework

-Section 3 Peripheral Lymphoid Organs

--Peripheral Lymphoid Organs-Video

-The Peripheral Lymphoid Organs--Homework

-The Lymphatic System-ppt

Chapter 10 The Nervous System

-Section 1 Overview of Nervous System

--Overview of Nervous System-Video

-Overview of Nervous System--Homework

-Section 2 Spinal Cord

--Spinal Cord-Video

-Spinal Cord--Homework

-Section 3 Brain

--Brain-1-Video

--Brain-2-Video

-The Brain--Homework

-Section 4 Spinal Nerve

--Spinal Nerve-Video

-Spinal Nerve--Homework

-Section 5 Brain Nerve

--Brain Never-Video

-Brain Nerves--Homework

-Section 6 Vegetative Nerve

--Vegetative Nerve-Video

-Vegetative Nerve--Homework

-The Nervous System-ppt

Chapter 11 The Endocrine System

-Section 1 Overview of Endocrine System

--Overview of Endocrine System-Video

-Overview of Endocrine System--Homework

-Section 2 Endocrine Organs

--Endocrine Organs-Video

-Endocrine Organs--Homework

-Section 3 Pineal Gland

--Pineal Gland-Video

-Pineal Gland--Homework

-Section 4 Thyroid Gland

--Thyroid Gland-Video

-Thyroid Gland--Homework

-Section 5 Parathyroid Gland

--Parathyroid Gland-Video

-Parathyroid Gland--Homework

-Section 6 Adrenal Gland

--Adrenal Gland-Video

-Adrenal Gland--Homework

-Section 7 Endocrine Tissues

--Endocrine Tissues-Video

-Endocrine Tissues--Homework

-The Endocrine System-PPT

Chapter 12 The Sense Organs

-Section 1 Visual Organs

--Visual Organs-1-Video

--Visual Organs-2-Video

-The Visual Organs--Homework

-Section 2 Auditory Organs

--Auditory Organs-Video

-Auditory Organs--Homework

-The Sense Organs-ppt

Chapter 13 The Integumentary System

-Section 1 Skin and Hair

--Skin and Hair-Video

-Skin and Hair--Homework

-Section 2 Hoof and Horn

--Hoof and Horn-Video

-Hoof and Horn--Homework

-Section 3 Mammary Gland

--Mammary Gland-Video

-Mammary Gland--Homework

-The Integumentary System-ppt

Chapter 14 The Anatomical Characteristics Of Avian

-Section 1 Locomotor System

--Locomotor System of Avian-Video

-Locomotor System--Homework

-Section 2 Digestive System

--Digestive System of Avian-Video

-Digestive System--Homework

-Section 3 Respiratory and Urinary System

--Respiratory and Urinary System of Avian-Video

-Respiratory and Urinary System--Homework

-Section 4 Reproductive System

--Reproductive System of Avian-Video

-Reproductive System--Homework

-Section 5 Cardiovascular and Lymphatic System

--Cardiovascular and Lymphatic System of Avian-Video

-Cardiovascular and Lymphatic System--Homework

-Section 6 Endocrine and Nervous System

--Endocrine and Nervous Sysem of Avian-Video

-Endocrine and Nervous System--Homework

-Section 7 Sensory and Integumentary System

--Sensory and Integumentary System of Avian-Video

-The Sensory and Integumentary System--Homework

-The Anatomical Characteristics of Avian-ppt

The Final Examination·

-The Final Examination·

Endocrine and Nervous Sysem of Avian-Video笔记与讨论

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