1.2在线视频

同学你好
hello everyone

这节课我们来学习第二个知识点
let's study this lesson

经济法的调整对象及体系
adjusting object and system of economic law

首先
first of all

我们来分析一下
let's analyze this

为何要界定
why should we define

经济法的调整对象
the adjustment object of economic law

我们知道
we know

任何部门法理论都要有自己的
any branch law theory should have its own

逻辑起点和分析框架
logical starting point and analysis framework

同其他部门法学一样
like other branch of laws

经济法理论的逻辑起点
logical starting point of economic law theory

也是调整对象理论
is also the adjustment object theory

调整对象理论的重要价值
the important value of adjustment object theory

就是揭示
is to reveal the difference

经济法同其他部门法的差别
between economic law and other branch law

因此
therefore

界定经济法的调整对象
defining the adjustment object of economic law

具有特别的重要意义
has a special significance

首先
first of all

调整对象是
the adjustment object is the logic starting point

整个经济法研究的逻辑起点
of the whole study of economic law

只有正确界定
only the correct definition of

调整对象
the adjustment object

才能有效提炼
can effectively refine

经济法的概念
the concept of economic law

进一步研究
and make further study on

经济法的特征
the economic law’s characteristics

宗旨
purpose

本质
essence

原则
principle

地位
status

体系等理论问题
system and other theoretical problems

其次
second

经济法作为新兴的部门法
as a new branch law

其存在的价值以及
the value of its existence and

与其他部门法的关系
its relationship with other branch laws

也取决于
also depends on

对其调整对象的界定
the definition of its adjustment object

最后
finally

经济法的主体类型
the subject type of economic law

以及主体的
and the institutional arrangement of

权利 义务 责任的制度安排
the subject's rights and obligations

也都与
are also directly related to

经济法调整对象的界定直接相关
how to define the adjustment object

并由此直接影响
and this directly affects

经济法的法治建设
the legal construction of economic law

由此可见
thus it can be seen

经济法学的各类重要理论
various important theories of economic law

以及经济法的制度生成
and the system generation

与发展
and development of economic law

都与
are both closely related to

经济法的调整对象密切相关
the adjustment object of economic law

经济法调整对象的界定
how to define adjustment object

关涉对
concerns the understanding of

整体的经济法
the whole economic law

和经济法学理论的认识
and the theory of economic law

那么如何界定
so how to define

经济法的调整对象呢
the adjustment object of economic law

我们知道
we know

市场失灵的存在
that the existence of market failure

使人们更加关注
makes people pay more attention to

市场经济的
the market economy’s

局限性以及政府的能动作用
limitations and the active role of government

并试图
and try to

在政府与市场之间
between the government and the market

做出取舍
make a choice

而这种取舍也带来了
and this choice has brought about major

法治建设必须
practical problems that the legal construction

面对的重大现实问题
must face

市场失灵引发的问题
problems arising from market failure

及其解决途径之间的
and their solutions

内在关联
have the intrinsic correlations

可大体表示如下
which is expressed roughly as follows

首先
first of all

市场失灵
market failure

结构失衡
structure imbalance

经济失衡
economic imbalance

宏观调控
macro-control

政府失灵
government failure

依法调控
regulating and controlling according to law

宏观调控法
macro-control law

其次
secondly

市场失灵
market failure

竞争失效
competition failure

市场失序
market disorder

市场规制
market regulation

政府失灵
government failure

依法规制
regulating and controlling according to law

市场规制法
market regulation

从宏观的角度看
from a macro point of view

市场失灵会造成产业失衡
market failure will lead to industrial imbalance

并由此带来结构失衡
and further to structural imbalance

而各类经济结构的失衡
and imbalances in various economic structures

则会造成总量失衡
will result in a gross imbalance

因而
therefore

必须依据一定的
it must be based on certain

经济目标和社会目标
economic and social goals

进行有效的宏观调控
to carry out effective macro-control

而在宏观层
on the macro level

面对经济运行进行调节
the main body adjusting

和控制的主体
and controlling the economic operation

是广义的政府
is the broad sense of government

政府由于诸多原因
for many reasons

在调控方面
in terms of regulation

可能会出现政府失灵的问题
the government may have failures

只有依法调控
only regulation and control under law

才可能在一定程度上解决这些问题
may solve these problems to a certain extent

而要依法调控
to regulate and control by law

就必须有宏观调控法
a macro-control law is required

并运用宏观调控法
which is applied

来调整政府与国民之间
to adjust the existing macro-control relationship

存在的宏观调控关系
between the government and the people

从微观的角度看
from a microscopic point of view

市场失灵会导致
market failure will lead to

竞争失败
the failure of competition

并影响整体的市场秩序
and affect the overall market order

因而
therefore

需要加强市场规制
it is necessary to strengthen market regulation

即
That is

对相关市场主体的市场行为
to regulate and restrict

进行规范和制约
market behaviors of relevant market subjects

以保障
in order to ensure

良好的市场竞争环境
a good market competition environment

解决市场失序的问题
to solve the problem of market disorder

同上述的宏观调控一样
same as the above macro-control

市场规制也是
the market regulation is also

由政府作出的
made by the government

因而
therefore

在市场规制领域
in the field of market regulation

也会存在
there will also be

政府失灵的问题
the problem of government failure

要解决此类政府失灵问题
to solve the problem of government failure

政府就必须以相关法律为圭臬
the government must be guided by relevant laws

依法进行市场规制
and regulate the market according to law

为此
to this end

就需要有
it is necessary to have

相关的市场规制法
relevant market regulation laws

上述
for the analysis of the above

宏观层面和微观层面的分析
macro-level and micro-level

起点都是
the starting points are all about

现实存在的市场失灵问题
the real problem of market failure

正是为了解决此类问题
it is precisely to solve such problems

才需要现代国家履行
modern countries are required to perform

其两大经济职能
two major economic functions

即
which are referred to as

宏观调控和市场规制
macro-control and market regulation

而调控和规制都是
and control and regulation are both

广义的政府做出的
made by the government in a broad sense

因而
as a result

都会存在政府失灵的问题
there will be problems of government failure

要解决上述的两个失灵问题
to solve the above two problems

就需要有
there needs to be

不同于以往法律制度的
something different from the previous legal system

宏观调控法和市场规制法
macro-control law and market regulation law

同时
at the same time

在宏观调控和市场规制领域
in fields of macro-control and market regulation

形成的两类社会关系
two types of social relations formed

即
namely

宏观调控关系
the macro-control relations

和市场规制关系
and the market regulation relations

应分别由宏观调控法和
should be adjusted by macro-control law and

市场规制法来调整
market regulation law respectively

并成为
and become

新兴的经济法的调整对象
the adjustment object of the new economic law

可见
it can be seen that

经济法的调整对象有两类
economic law has two kinds of adjustment objects

一类是宏观调控关系
one is the macro-control relationship

一类是市场规制关系
one is the market regulation relationship

可以分别简称为调控关系
it can be referred to as regulatory relationship

和规制关系
and regulatory relationship

或者合称为调制关系
or called as modulation relationship together

因此
therefore

经济法的调整对象
for the adjustment object of economic law

最简单的说
to put it most simply,

就是调制关系
it is the modulation relationship

下面我们来看一下
let's take a look at

经济法体系的构成
the composition of the economic law system

我们知道
we know

依据一般法理
according to general jurisprudence

部门法的体系构成
the system composition of branch law

主要取决于其调整对象
mainly depends on its adjustment object

经济法体系构成
the composition of economic law system

也是如此
is the same

所谓经济法的体系
the system of economic law

通常是指
usually refers to that

各类经济法规范所构成的
all kinds of economic law norms

和谐统一的整体
forms a harmonious and unified whole

也就是说
that is to say

经济法体系的构成要素
the constituent elements of the system of economic law

是经济法规范
are the norms of economic law

某一类型的经济法规范
the norm of a certain type of economic law

便可构成经济法的一个部门法
can form a branch law of economic law.

因此
therefore

在分析经济法体系的结构时
when analyzing the structure of economic law system

就需要研究
it is necessary to study

经济法由哪些部门法构成
what branch law does economic law consist of

以及他们是如何组成一个和谐的整体的
and how they form a harmonious whole

如前所述
as mentioned above

在国家进行宏观调控和
in the process of macro-control and

市场规制的过程中
market regulation by the state

形成了
it has formed two kinds of social relations

传统部门法都不调整的两类社会关系
which are not adjusted by traditional branch law

宏观调控关系和
the relations between macro-control

即
the relations between macro-control
namely

宏观调控关系和
the relations between macro-control

市场规制关系
and market regulation

这两类社会关系
these two kinds of social relations

都需要有新兴的经济法调整
need to have the new economic law adjustment

由此
as a result

形成了两类经济法规范
two kinds of economic law norms have been formed

即
that is

调整宏观调控关系的
macro-control law relations’ adjuster

宏观调控法规范
macro-control regulation norms

以及调整市场规制关系的
and market regulation relations’ adjuster

市场规制法规范
market regulation norms

对应于经济法调整的
corresponding to the adjustment of economic law

两类社会关系
two kinds of social relations

经济法体系首先可以分为
first the economic law system can be divided into

宏观调控法和市场规制法两大部分
macro-control law and market regulation law

从而形成了一个基本的二元结构
so as to form a basic binary structure

其次
secondly

上述宏观调控法和市场规制法
the above macro-control law and market regulation law

还可进一步细分
can be further subdivided

从而形成
thus forming

经济法体系中的各个部门法
each branch law in the economic law system

其中
among them

宏观调控法包括三个部门法
the macro-control law includes three branch laws

即财税法 金融法和计划法
which are tax law, financial law and planning law

市场规制法也包括
the market regulation law also includes

三个部门法
three branch laws

即反垄断法
which are anti-monopoly law

反不正当竞争法
anti-unfair competition law

和消费者保护法
and consumer protection law

上述对
the above description of

经济法体系中的各个部门法的描述
various branch laws in the economic law system

可以大略概括为
can be summarized as follows

财金计划调控法
tax-financial plan regulation law

两反一保规制法
two-anti one-pro regulation law

这就是
this is

经济法体系的基本构成
the basic composition of the economic law system

经济法体系中的
the economic law system’s binaries

两大类规范所构成的二元
of two kinds of norms

并非截然孤立
are not entirely isolated

而是存在着密切的内在联系
there is a close internal connection

从而使经济法成为一个统一的部门法
thus making the economic law a unified branch law

人类的实践已经表明
human practice has shown

宏观调控法的有效实施
effective implementation of macro-control law

离不开市场规制法的调整
cannot do without the adjustment of market regulation

所确立的基本秩序
the established basic order

同时也为市场规制法所确保的
provide the market order guaranteed by the market

市场秩序提供了重要的外部环境
regulation law with an important external environment

而市场规制法的有效实施
the effective implementation of market regulation law

也离不开
is inseparable from

宏观调控法所提供的相关保障
related security provided by the macro-control law

并且恰与
which also

宏观调控法的调整相得益彰
complements the adjustment of macro-control law

好
ok

这节课我们就讲到这里
that’s all for this class

再见
see you next time