3.1在线视频

同学们好
hello everyone

我们今天开始学习
let’s start today’s lesson

反不正当竞争法
anti-unfair competition law

第三章反不正当竞争法
chapter three Anti-Unfair Competition Law

第一节
section one

不正当竞争行为的基本法律问题
basic legal issues of act of unfair competition

我们先来看第一个大问题
let's look at the first big issue first

不正当竞争行为的界定
definition of unfair competition act

一
first

不正当竞争行为的含义
the meaning of unfair competition act

不正当竞争
unfair competition

是指经营者
refers to acts that the operator

在市场交易中
in the market transaction

采取一切违反诚实信用原则
adopts all means that violate the principle of good faith

或其他公认的
or other recognized

商业道德的手段
business ethics

损害其他经营者
to harm other operators

或消费者的合法权益
or the legitimate rights and interests of consumers

扰乱市场竞争秩序的行为
to disrupt the order of market competition

通过上面这个定义
through the above definition

我们可以总结出
we can sum up that

不正当竞争的
unfair competition

三个的特征
has three features

第一个特征是
the first feature is

不正当竞争的行为的主体
the subject of unfair competition act

是经营者
is the operator

经营者
operator

是指
which refers to

从事商品的生产经营
natural person legal person and other organizations

或者提供服务的
engaging in the production and management of goods

自然人法人和其他组织
or providing of services

第二个特征是
the second feature is

不正当竞争
unfair competition

是违法的竞争行为
is illegal competitive act

竞争行为主要是指
competitive act mainly refers to act that

经营者以谋取交易机会
an operator seeks a trading opportunity

或者竞争优势为目的的
or for the purpose of competitive advantage

争胜行为
to win a competition

不正当竞争行为的具体表现
the concrete manifestation of unfair competition act

存在着很多差异
has many differences

但无论是市场混淆
but whether it is the market confusion

虚假宣传
false propaganda

商业诋毁
commercial defamation

还是侵犯商业秘密
infringement of trade secrets

商业贿赂
or commercial bribery

其共同的本质
their common nature

都是不劳而获
is all to profit by other people’s toil

与市场经济中的诚实信用原则
which is against the principle of good faith

和其他公认的商业道德的要求
and other accepted business ethics requirements

相背离
in the market economy

可见
as we can see

不正当竞争行为违法性的实质
the essence of illegality of unfair competition act

在于它直接违反了
lies in that it directly violates

体现法律精神的
the principle of good faith

诚实信用原则
embodying the spirit of law

或其他公认的商业道德
or other recognized business ethics

第三个特征是
the third feature is

不正当竞争是损害其他经营者
unfair competition is harmful to other operators’

公平竞争权
right to fair competition

以及消费者合法权益的行为
and the lawful rights and interests of consumers

这也是不正当竞争行为
which are also object of infringement of

所侵害的客体
act of unfair competition

即
i. e.

即
i. e.

经营者利益
the interest of operators

消费者利益
the interests of consumers

和社会公共利益
and social and public interests

不正当竞争概念
the concept of unfair competition

最早出现在
first appeared in

法国法院
French court

于1850年
in 1850

依照
in accordance with

法国民法典
French civil code

第1382条所做出的一项判决中
in a judgment made under rule 1382

世界上第一部反不正当竞争法典
the first anti-unfair competition code in the world

是德国于1896年制定的
was established by Germany in 1896

反不正当竞争法
anti-unfair competition law

第二个大问题
the second big issue

反不正当竞争法
anti-unfair competition law

反不正当竞争法
anti-unfair competition law is a general name of

它是调整竞争关系
legal norms to adjust the competition relationship

和竞争监管关系的法律规范的总称
and competition regulation relationship

它的目的是
its purpose is to

鼓励
encourage

和保护公平竞争
and protect fair competition

制止
stop

不正当竞争行为
unfair competition act

保护经营者
protect the legitimate rights and interests

和消费者的合法权益
of operators and consumers

那么
then

这里的竞争关系
the competitive relationship here

一般是指商品之间
generally refers to the relation that operators

具有替代关系的经营者之间
with substituted relations

相互争夺交易机会的关系
compete for the trading opportunity

反不正当竞争法的功能定位
the function orientation of anti-unfair competition law

也经历了一个发展的过程
has also gone through a process of development

也就是说
that is to say

在历史上
in history

反不正当竞争法
anti-unfair competition law

最初是
in the first place was

为保护具有竞争关系的经营者而产生
produced to protect operators with competitive relations

然后
and then

随着不正当竞争行为
with the increasing complexity of

侵犯客体的日益复杂
the infringement object of unfair competition

反不正当竞争法
anti-unfair competition law

也被赋予了
was also given

更加广泛的功能
a wider range of functions

除了
in addition to

传统上
traditionally

保护经营者的权益之外
protection of the rights and interests of operators

还将保护范围扩大至
it also extended the scope of protection to

消费者的权益
the rights and interests of consumers

和社会公共利益
and social and public interests

我国反不正当竞争法
china's anti-unfair competition law

是第八届
was adopted on the eighth

全国人大常委会
standing committee of the national people's congress

三次会议
at the third session

于1993年9月通过的
in September 1993

那么到目前为止
so far

经过了
it has been revised twice

两次修改
and 2018

第三个大问题是
the third big issue is

反不正当竞争法的
anti-unfair competition law’s

一般条款的适用问题
application of general provisions

反不正当竞争法当中的一般条款
the general clause in anti-unfair competition law

又被称为概括性条款
also known as common clause

它是指
which refers to abstract specifications that

规定执法机关
prescribe law enforcement agency

或者法院
or the court

在法律具体列举的不正当竞争行为以外
outside the unfair competition act enumerated in law

认定
to confirm

其他不正当竞争行为的要件的抽象的规范
the requirements of other acts of unfair competition

那么实际上
then in fact

反不正当竞争法的一般条款
general clauses of anti-unfair competition law

它是作为反不正当竞争法所列举的
is a supplementary provision for the regulation of

具体的不正当竞争行为的
specific unfair competition acts listed

规制的一种补充条款
in the anti-unfair competition law

也就是说
that is to say

当实践中
in practice

出现了反不正当竞争法
when the anti-unfair competition law does not

没有规定和列举的具体的
stipulate and enumerate specific

不正当竞争行为时
unfair competition act

可以适用
it can be applicable to

一般条款
general clauses

反不正当竞争法第2条规定
article 2 of the anti-unfair competition law

经营者
stipulates that operators

在生产经营活动中
in the course of production and operation

应当遵循
should follow the principle of

自愿
voluntary

平等
equality

公平
fairness

诚信的原则
and good faith

遵守法律和商业道德
abide by law and business ethics

那么本法所称的
then as referred to in this law

不正当竞争行为
unfair competition act

是指
refers to acts that

经营者在生产经营活动中
operators in the production and operation activities

违反本法规定
violate the provisions of this law

扰乱市场竞争秩序
disturb the order of market competition

损害其他经营者
harm other operators’

或者消费者的
or consumers’

合法权益的行为
legitimate rights and interests

本法所称的经营者是指
the term "operator" as used in this law means

从事商品生产经营
natural person, legal person and other organizations

或者提供服务的自然人
engaging in commodity production and operation

法人和其它组织
or providing services

除了是总则条款外
in addition to the general provisions

那么第2条还具有一般条款意义
article 2 also has the meaning of a general clause

它以我国的特殊方式
it defines unfair competition act

界定了不正当竞争行为
in the special way of our country

据此可以开放性的认定
therefore it can be open to identify

法律没有列举的
the unfair competition act

不正当竞争行为
not enumerated by law

那么该条第一款
then the first item of this article

是衡量不正当竞争行为的基本标准
is the basic criteria for measuring unfair competition

而第二款
while the second item

既是对于不正当竞争行为的定义
is not only the definition of unfair competition act

又包含了它的衡量标准
but also includes its measure standard

比如说
such as the provisions of

扰乱社会竞争秩序
disturbing the order of social competition

以及损害其它经营者
and harm other operators

或者消费者的合法权益的规定
or the lawful rights and interests of consumers

那么关于一般条款的
then about the application conditions of

适用条件
general clauses

和考虑的因素
and factors to consider

主要包括以下方面
it mainly includes the following aspects

那么以
in that case

一般条款认定
in general clauses

不正当竞争行为
the determination of unfair competition act

首先是以
is first based on

缺乏法律的
the premise of

列举性的规定为前提
the lack of legislation

只有法律
only the law

没有规定的
without stipulation

那么此时才会适用一般条款
can be applicable to general clauses

那么在考虑的因素方面
so in terms of factors to consider

我们一般从三个方面来考察
we usually go from three aspects

一是
first of all

在生产经营活动中
in the course of production and operation

那么它是指所涉及的行为
then it refers to the act involved

必须是在市场行为或
must be in the process of market act or

市场竞争行为发生的过程当中
market competition act

才可以适用
so as to be applicable

那么第二是
so the second is

违反本法规定
violation of the provisions of this law

也就是说
that is to say

违反
violate

反不正当竞争法的规定
provisions of the anti-unfair competition law

那么它主要是指
then it mainly refers to

违反
violate article 2 of

反不正当竞争法第二条
the anti-unfair competition law

第一款所规定的竞争原则
the principle of competition set forth in the first item

其中最突出的是
one the most prominent is

商业道德原则
the principle of business ethics

那么需要考量的
that's something need to be considered

第三个方面因素是
the third aspect is

扰乱社会竞争秩序
disturbing the order of social competition

以及
and

损害其它经营者
damage other operators

或者消费者的合法权益
or the legitimate rights and interests of consumers

好同学们
ok everyone

今天的课就到这里
so much for today's class

再见
goodbye