当前课程知识点:Economic law > 6. Financial Law > 6.2 China's financial institutions and regulatory agencies > 6.2
同学们大家好
hello everyone
下面我们学习
now let's study
我国的金融机构和监管机构
china's financial institutions and regulatory agencies
金融市场是个大舞台
the financial market is a big stage
谁在舞台上演戏呢
who is acting on the stage
演员是谁呢
who is the actor
我告诉大家
i'll tell you all
主要演员之一是金融机构
one of the main actors is the financial institution
我们就来学习金融机构
we are here to learn about financial institutions
和对金融机构监管的
and the regulation of financial institutions
金融监管机构
financial supervision institution
首先看我国的金融机构有哪些
first of all, what are the financial institutions in our country
按地位和功能划分
divided by status and function
我国的金融机构可以
there are four categories
分为四大类
of china's financial institutions
第一类
the first category
中央银行
is central bank
也就是中国人民银行
that is the people's bank of china
第二类
the second category
银行
is bank
包括政策性银行
include policy banks
商业银行
commercial banks
村镇银行
rural banks
第三类
the third category
非银行金融机构
is non-banking financial institution
主要包括证券公司
it mainly includes securities companies
保险公司
insurance companies
城市信用合作社
urban credit cooperatives
财务公司等
financial companies, etc
第四类
the fourth category
在中国境内开办的外资
is foreign funded,
侨资
overseas Chinese funded,
中外合资
sino foreign joint ventures
等等金融机构
and other financial institutions established in china
先说一下中央银行
let's start with the central bank
同学们可能了解过中央银行
you may have known about the central bank
它是银行的银行
it is the bank of banks
它在国家中居于主导地位
it plays a leading role in the country.
是国家干预
it is an important tool for the state to intervene
和调控国民经济发展的重要工具
and regulate the development of the national economy
负责制定并执行
responsible for formulating and implementing
国家货币信用政策
the national monetary credit policy
独具货币发行权
having the sole right to issue money
并且实行金融监管
and implementing financial supervision
第二个是银行
second category: banks
我们说一下商业银行
let's talk about commercial banks
商业银行是
a commercial bank is
依法设立的吸收公众存款
an enterprise legal person established
发放贷款
in accordance with the law to absorb public deposits, issue loans
办理结算业务的企业法人
and handle settlement business.
它可能是与我们生活联系
it may be the financial institution
最密切的金融机构了
most closely connected with our lives
我们常用的支付宝
our commonly used Alipay
微信支付
and Wechat payments are
表面上是手机软件付款
mobile phone software payments on the surface
实际上是通过商业银行实现资金转移支付的
in fact, funds are paid through the commercial banks
银行是资金存储和转移的通道
banks are the channel for the storage and transfer of funds
第三类
third category
是非银行机构
it's a non-banking institution
我们介绍两个大家熟悉的机构
i’ll introduce two institutions that we are familiar with
证券公司和保险公司
securities companies and insurance companies
先说证券公司
first i’ll talk about securities companies
先了解一下证券
get to know the securities first
证券是指
securities refer to
我国政府
by the Chinese government
批准发行流通的有价凭证
the marketable certificates approved to be issued and circulated
比如基金
for example funds
股票
stocks
存托凭证
depository receipts
债券等
bonds etc.
经营这些业务的机构主要之一就是
one of the main institutions operating these businesses is
证券公司
the securities companies
证券公司
a securities company
在美国称为投资银行
is called an investment bank in the united states
它的主要业务是为
its main business is to provide
企业ipo提供辅导服务
counselling services for corporate ipos
帮助企业上市
and to help companies to go public
还有证券经纪业务
also they have brokerage business
就是我们常说的零售经纪
that's what we call a retail broker
帮助老百姓开立股票账户
which is to help people open stock accounts
赚取交易手续费
and they earn transaction fees
除此之外
in addition
还有证券发行承销
there are securities issuance and underwriting
为企业提供融资服务
which provides financing services for enterprises
兼并收购等
merger and acquisition, etc
那些我们听起来挺专业的资产证券化
the asset securitization
杠杆收购
leveraged buyouts
私募股权投资等等也跟证券公司息息相关
private equity and so on that all sound very professional are also closely related to securities companies
保险公司是
an insurance company is
专门经营保险业务的金融机构
a financial institution that specializes in insurance business
在我国有
there are two major categories of
财产保险公司和人寿保险公司两大类
property insurance companies and life insurance companies in china
分别经营
which are respectively engaged in
财产保险业务和人寿保险业务
property insurance business and life insurance business
我国保险业和银行业
china's insurance and banking
证券业
securities
信托业实行分业经营
and trust industries practice separate operations
分业管理
and separate management.
所以
that's why,
保险公司与银行
insurance companies and banks
证券
securities
信托机构分别设立
and trust institutions are established
分别经营
and operated separately,
彼此之间设立防火墙
and firewalls are established between one another.
第四类是在中国境内开办的外资
the fourth category is foreign-funded
侨资
overseas Chinese funded
中外合资金融机构
and sino foreign joint venture financial institutions established in china
目前该类主要有银行
at present, there are mainly banks
办事机构
agencies
投资基金
investment funds
如证券投资和风险投资基金
such as securities investment and venture capital funds
保险公司等等
insurance companies, etc
这些机构受到
these institutions are
中国金融监管机构严格监管和限制
strictly regulated and restricted by china's financial regulators
当然
of course
随着我国金融市场进一步开放
with the further opening up of china's financial market
将会有越来越多的外资金融机构
more and more foreign financial institutions
进入中国市场
will enter the Chinese market
下面我们来看
now let's see
谁监管金融机构
who oversees financial institutions
监管者就是金融监管机构
regulators are financial regulators
金融监管机构是
financial regulatory agencies are
与金融法一起产生的
created in conjunction with financial law
它是在传统国家机关和社会机构之外的
the traditional state organs and social institutions
一种新型的法律主体
it is a new type of legal subject outside
它们既不同于
they are different from
传统的行政主体
the traditional administrative subject
也不同于
also different from
传统的民商事主体
the traditional civil and commercial subjects
从世界范围看
from the perspective of the world
金融监管主要是
financial supervision is mainly
20世纪特别是二战以后
especially after the world war ii
发展起来的国家职能
the national function developed in the 20th century
它们很难列入
it is difficult for them to be included in
传统的行政法体系中
the traditional administrative law system
其权力不是行政管理权
its power is not the administrative power
而是对金融企业行为的监督权
but the supervision power over the behavior of financial enterprises.
也有自律组织通过契约形成的
it also has the self-management power formed by
自我管理权
self-discipline organizations through contracts
这些权力交织在一起
these powers interweave together
形成了一种新的权力表现形式
forming a new form of power expression
主要包括
mainly including
中央银行对金融机构的监管
the supervision of the central bank on financial institutions
中央银行是唯一
the central bank is the only
经营金融业务的国家或区域机关
national or regional organ that operates financial business
它与金融行业之间的关系表现在
and its relationship with the financial industry is reflected
他们之间的各种业务和监管关系上
in various business and regulatory relationships between them
具体来说包括三个方面
specifically, it includes three aspects
第一
the first
中央银行
Central bank
与金融业货币关系
With the monetary relationship between the financial industry
也就是中央银行作为货币发行银行
This is because the bank issuing the currency, the central bank
同普通金融机构发生的关系
The relationship between the institutions
第二个中央银行与金融业的
The second is the central bank and the financial sector
融资清算关系
Financing Liquidation relations
存款关系
Deposit relationships ah
贷款关系
Lending relationships
清算关系
Liquidating relationship
第三是中央银行和金融业的监督管理关系
The third is to oversee the relationship between the central bank and the financial sector
也就是
That is
金融机构即是中央银行的客户
Financial institutions, even though the central bank's customers
也是中央银行
Central bank
监管对象
Supervised entities
第二个是监管机构对金融机构的
The second is the regulatory body for financial institutions
监管
Supervision
那么监管机构原来有
So that there are regulatory bodies
银监会
China Banking Regulatory Commission
证监会
Commission
保监会
CIRC
二零一八年三月十三日
March 13, 2018
十三届全国人大一次会议第四次会议
Thirteenth meeting of the fourth meeting of the National People's Congress
将中国银行监督管理委员会
The China Banking Regulatory Commission
和中国保险监督管理委员会的职责
And responsibilities of China Insurance Regulatory Commission
做了整合
Made integration
组建了中国银行
Bank of China set up
保险监督管理委员会
Insurance Regulatory Commission
作为国务院
As the State Department
直属的事业单位
Directly under the institution
那么从
Well, from
原来的一行三会
The original line 3 will
这种模式转变为一行两会模式
This paradigm shift mode to two sessions a row
监管机构的监管主要包括
Regulatory regulatory agencies including
金融准入监管
Access to financial supervision
金融机构监管
Superintendent of Financial Institutions
金融业务监管
Financial services regulation
金融责任监管
Financial responsibility for supervision
举个例子
for example
银保监会对商业银行的
Silver China Insurance Regulatory Commission on Commercial Banks
设立
set up
运营
Operations
责任监管
Regulatory responsibility
就是典型的
Is a typical
金融监管关系
Financial regulation relationships
三
three
自律机构的监管
Self-regulatory bodies
金融监管除了中央银行
In addition to the central bank financial regulation
和监管机关的法定监管以外
And beyond the statutory supervision of regulatory authorities
还包括
Also includes
自律机构的自律管理
Self-regulation self-regulatory organizations
比如说
For example,
金融交易场所
Financial market place
行业协会
Industry Association
作为民间机构
As a private institution
通过
by
成员之间的
Between members
自律性约定
Self-discipline convention
实现自我管理
Self-management
这种对金融机构成员的管理
This management of member financial institutions
往往比国家机构更直接
They tend to be more direct than the national institutions
更有灵活性
More flexible
是国家监管的重要补充
It is an important complement national regulation
比如
such as
银行业协会对银行机构的行业指导和管理
Banking Association of industry guidance and management of banking institutions
在银行也发展中起到
Banks also played in the development of
很重要的作用
Very important role
他可以作为桥梁
He can serve as a bridge
把国家的金融政策
The country's financial policy
落实到银行的具体经营中去
The implementation of the bank's operations to specific
三
three
我们再看一下
Let's look at
金融监管管什么
What financial regulation tube
你问我
you ask me
到底啥是金融监管
In the end what is the financial regulation
天天在媒体上看到这个词语
Every day to see the word in the media
你可能觉得很简单
You may find it simple
监管么
What regulation
就是监督管理呗
Regulatory chant is
对
Correct
金融监管
Financial Supervision
就是监管机构对金融市场的规制行为
Regulatory behavior is the regulatory body for financial markets
那为啥一定要监管呢
That must be why regulators do
同学们可以回忆下二零零八年
Students can recall at 2008
全球金融危机
global economic crisis
和美国金融大萧条
The Great Depression and the US financial
金融危机之后
After the financial crisis
大家
everyone
痛定思痛
Bitter experience
多数认为
Most of that
造成金融危机的罪魁祸首之一
One culprit of the financial crisis
是对金融市场的宽容
Is tolerant of financial markets
或者
or
去监管化盛行的时候
Deregulation prevailed when
所以呢
So
对金融市场来说
Financial markets
金融监管
Financial Supervision
是必要的
necessary
缺乏必要的金融监管
Lack the necessary financial regulation
将导致金融监管混乱
Will lead to confusion financial regulation
甚至崩塌
Even collapse
直至发生金融危机
Until the financial crisis
金融监管可以从两个方面理解
Financial regulation can be understood in two ways
也就是说对金融机构的监管
That supervision of financial institutions
和对金融行为的监管
And supervision of the financial behavior
包括
include
金融机构准入
Access to financial institutions
机构运行
Institutions run
货币流通
Currency in circulation
投资融资等等
Investment and financing, etc.
监管的思路上
The idea of regulation
松紧结合宽严相济
Elastic binding temper justice with mercy
既要保证金融市场的稳定
Necessary to ensure the stability of financial markets
同时也要鼓励金融创新
But also to encourage financial innovation
既要
Both
鼓励风险投资
Encourage venture capital
也要控制不发生系统性风险
Also control systemic risk does not occur
可以说监管的目标是
It can be said that the goal of regulation
实现保证经济的
The guarantee of economy
平稳增长
increasing steadily
保证国家货币财政体系稳健运行
Ensure the stable operation of the national currency finance system
同时
Simultaneously
也要保障创新机制
But also to protect innovative mechanisms
在这个目标下开展的各种监管措施
Various regulatory measures undertaken under this objective
都是金融监管的范畴
All categories of financial supervision
好
it is good
我们总结一下
We summarize
我们讲了金融机构的类型
We talk about the types of financial institutions
和监管机构的权利
And the right regulatory agencies
和监管方式
And regulatory approach
金融机构给我们提供良好的服务
Financial institutions provide us with good service
同时
Simultaneously
也要接受监管
Must be supervised
离开了监管的金融机构
He left the supervision of financial institutions
将导致金融无序
It will lead to financial disorder
监管机构
Regulatory Authority
与金融机构
With financial institutions
应当和谐共在
It should be in total harmony
各自寻找权利的边界
Each looking for the right border
这样
such
才能保障金融的稳定和创新
In order to safeguard financial stability and innovation
那最后
That last
我给大家留个思考题
I give you leave Questions
提起蚂蚁金服大家都知道
Lift the ants gold dress we all know
就是给我们提供
It is to give us
支付宝余额宝
Alipay balance of treasure
这些产品服务的那个公司
These goods and services that the company
他作为我国互联网金融
He as China's Internet banking
的服务商
Service providers
那你想想
What do you think
他
he
属不属于金融机构
It is not part of a financial institution
为什么
why
好同学们
Good students
这次课我们就讲到这里
The lesson we will stop here
再见
Goodbye
-1.1 Meaning and characteristics of economic law
--1.1
-1.2Adjusting object and system of economic law
--1.2
-1.3 Relations between economic law and adjacent law
--1.3
-1.4Origin and development of economic law
--1.4
-1.5.Basic principles of economic law
--1.5
-1.6Subject and types of Economic Law
--1.6
-1.7The rights of the subjects of economic law and their obligations and responsibili
--1.7
-1.8The formulation and implementation of economic law
--1.8
--Chapter homework
-2.1The basic issues of Anti-Monopoly Law
--2.1
-2.2Related markets and their definitions
--2.2
-2.3Legal regulation of monopoly agreement
--2.3
-2.4Legal regulation on abuse of market dominance 2.4
--2.4
-2.5 Centralized legal regulation of operators
--2.5
-2.6 Legal regulation of administrative monopoly
--2.6
-2.7 Enforcement system of antimonopoly law
--2.7
-Chapter homework
--章节习题exercises
-3.1The basic problem of Anti-Unfair Competition Act
--3.1
-3.2 Regulation of Market Confusion Act
--3.2
-3.3 Regulation of Commercial Bribery
--3.3
-3.4 Regulation of False Publicity Act
--3.4
-3.5 Regulation and Defamation of Goodwill
--3.5
-3.6 Regulation of the Infringement of Trade Secrets
--3.6
-3.7 Regulation of Improper Sales with Prizes
--3.7
-3.8 Regulation of Unfair Competition in Network Field
--3.8
-Chapter homework
--exercises
-4.1 Overview of Consumer Rights and Interests Protection Act
--4.1
-4.2 The Right of Consumers
--4.2
-4.3 Operator's Obligation
--4.3
-4.4 The Protection of Consumers' Rights and Interests Made by the State and
--4.4
-4.5 Legal Liability
--4.5
-4.6 The Category of Civil Liability
--Chapter homework
--4.6
-5.1 overview of Finance and Tax Law
--5.1
-5.2 Budget Preparation
--5.2
-5.3 budget review and preparation
--5.3
-5.4 Budget Implementation and Adjustment
--5.4
-5.5 scope of application in the Government Procurement Law
--5.5
-5.6 principles and policies of government procurement
--5.6
-5.7 government procurement procedures and methods
--5.7
-5.8 government procurement contract
--5.8
-5.9 government procurement relief mechanism
--5.9
-5.10 principle of law-based taxation
--5.10
-5.11 taxpayer's right
--5.11
-5.12 tax constitutive requirements
--5.12
-5.13 the principles of the turnover tax law
--5.13
-5.14 principle of income tax law
--5.14
-5.15 principle of Property Tax Law
--Chapter homework
--5.15
-6.1 the concepts of finance and Financial Law
--6.1
-6.2 China's financial institutions and regulatory agencies
--6.2
-6.3 central bank law
--6.3
-6.4 commercial bank law system
--6.4
-6.5the securities regulatory system
--Chapter homework
--6.5
-Final Examination