4.1教育实践的创新(一) 教育创新在线视频

大家好
Hello, everyone!

今天起我们将基于在线教育
Today, the topic we're looking at is online education,

目前发展的现状
from its Current situation

和在线教育实践与理论的创新热点
to practical and theoretical innovations

对于未来进行一些展望
coming in the future.

首先我们从教育实践当中的教育创新
First I'd like to say something about

开始展望
potential innovation through online education.

在线教育可以破解
Online education could tackle

传统教育固有的一些问题
some of the problems inherent to traditional education.

所以未来的教育一定会与在线教育相结合
So the future must see traditional education combined with online education.

从以教师为中心
The result of this will be that education itself will change

向以学生为中心进行转变
from teacher-centered, to student-centered.

传统的教学活动
Traditional teaching

是以教师的课堂讲授为主
is based on teachers' instructions in classrooms,

教师是教学活动的中心
and as such the teacher is the center of teaching activity,

学生往往是知识的被动接收者
while students are often passive receivers of knowledge.

在线教育的出现
But the emergence of online education

改变了传统的课堂教学方式
has changed this dynamic.

通过引入混合式教学等方式
By introducing blended teaching and other methods,

教师可以把学生推向课堂的讲台
teachers can encourage students to be the lecturer,

可以把学生推到课程讨论的
to participate in discussion groups

小组环节当中
about course content,

可以把学生推向探究式的学习
and to promote inquiry-based learning.

所以可以很好地实现
So we can see the potential for this mode of teaching to achieve

以学生为中心的教学
student-centered learning.

另外说一下课堂上一些教学环节
There are also some more specific adjustments that can be made.

比如说假如老师是根据大纲讲课
For example, if a teacher [Give lesson ]give leeson according to a well-prepared,

事先充分预设的讲
syllabus,

学生只有静悄悄听的份
the students only have to listen

而没有学生中间提问的环节
without asking questions.

在以前我的课堂上
In my past teaching experiences,

45分钟里边有40分钟是我在讲
I did most of the talking in a 45-minutes class.

最后5分钟是查缺补漏的说
I talked for 40 minutes, and used the last 5 minutes

大家有问题吗
to ask everyone if they have any questions.

而现在我的PPT减到了20页
But now, I've reduced my PowerPoint to 20 [建议改成"slides"]slides.

这20页PPT中还有很多活动是
And within those 20 [slides]slides, there are a lot of activities

需要学生上台
that allow students to actively take part in the lesson.

比如说学生在黑板前写写画画
Students can present their ideas on the blackboard

他提出问题抛出问题来
or ask some questions

老师来回答
for the teacher to answer,

或者是其他同学来回答
or for their peers to discuss.

在这种课堂里头
In a class like this,

黑板也不再是老师专属的了
the blackboard is no longer for the teacher only,

而是同学们用来课堂讨论的一些媒介了
but a medium for the students to enact a class discussion.

另外我是允许学生用手机用电脑
Similarly, I allow my students to use cellphones and laptops.

因为我的课程讲义里边
Because I will ask questions

有很多是需要限时查
for them to look up on the internet

查完了才能回答我的问题的
and then answer in my class.

在这样的课堂上学生觉得更自由了
Students feel liberated in a class like this.

在未来基于在线教育
In the future online education

实现越来越好的教育机会均等
[to]to achieve better educational equality.

也是一个重要的方面
It's also a important aspect[It's also a important aspect ].

我们知道在线教育能够带来的
We know that one of the biggest changes

明显的变化之一
that online education would bring

就是实现教育机会均等
Is achieve education equity.[Is achieve education equity ]

在那些经济教育欠发达地区
In areas where the economy and education are underdeveloped,

那里的高校 那里的学习者
learners and schools

以及在传统教育里面
and those who don't have the privilege to access

很难走进课堂的特殊人群
traditional education systems,

将来基于在线教育
will be able to make use of online education

会获得越来越好的均等的教育机会
and access better educational opportunities.

由于在线教育的支撑
With the support from online education

未来的教育会更加的开放和自由
education in the future will be more open and free,

也将实现越来越好的自主学习
and self-regulated learning will be prevalent.

课程和专业等传统意义上
Traditional training methods

规范化培养范式
like courses and majors

会被基于最终成效和能力而进行的
will be replaced by self-designed studying patterns

自主学习路线所打破
which focus on the improvement of results and abilities.

在这种模式下至少有部分学生
Using this method, at least some students

能够根据自己的最终需求
could according to their own ways of studying

倒推学习路线图
Combine with the learning proces.[Combine with the learning process]

采用从知识能力点到知识能力点的方式
To learn form each knowledge point they need[To learn form each knowledge point they need ],

而不是从课程到课程的方式
rather than simply complete courses.

来自主学习
This is called "the self-designed learning route."

而在这种模式下
In learning methods like this,

课程教师成为这些学生
teachers and courses become supporters

在自我发展过程中的助力者
for students' self-development.

未来在线教育也会为终身学习
In the future, online education will also provide better ways

提供更好的实现的路径
for life-learners.

中国有句老话叫活到老学到老
A Chinese old saying goes: live and learn.

建设终身学习的学习型社会
Building a learning society, where everyone is a life-learner

一直是我们教育工作者的
has always been our mission

一项重要的使命
as educators.

在线教育的出现和发展
The emergence and development of online education

使得学习者很好地去了解
is a window for learners to understand and internalize

和树立了终身学习的观念
the concept of life-learning.

他们可以根据自己成长的需要
Learners could design and practice their own learning plans

来制定和实施自己的学习计划
according to their own life needs.

在线教育的提供者
Subsequently, the providers of online education

也将为终身学习
will also offer better learning resources

提供越来越好的学习资源
for life-learners.

未来在线教育也将在学历学位教育等
In the future, online education will explore new insights

教育创新方面
on educational innovation

提供更好的探索
by exploring new methods of degree-level education.

目前的学历学位教育
Currently, all degree-level education

都是在大学的围墙里面的
occurs within the walls of colleges and universities.

未来在线教育将打破大学的围墙
In the future these walls will be broken by online education.

美国的斯坦福大学提出
Stanford University has come up with this idea

在未来学生可以在人生当中的任意6年
that in the future, people will be able to choose any 6 years to learn.

只要有上学的愿望
As long as one has the will to learn,

就可以随时开始学习
they can start learning at any time.

学习的场所也将更加的多元化
Learning place will also become more diverse.

包括了校园里
People can learn on a campus

以及校园外的实习和工作的场所
or in their workplace, or during an internship away from campus.

经验丰富的老师也会定期的回到学校
Of course, experienced teachers will return to campus on a regular basis

和年轻的学生交流经验
to communicate with students about their learning.

密涅瓦大学是一所没有固定校园的大学
Minerva Schools at KGI is a university without a campus.

学生们以翻转式课堂的方式
Students learn basic knowledge

来学习基础知识
within a "flipped classroom".

在之后的几年时间
After a few years of learning,

学生将到不同的国家和城市
students go to different countries and cities

独立地去进行学习和探索
to learn and explore independently

反复地运用他们学到的基础思维和方法
and to practice working through methods they learned in school.

我们可以看到新型的大学教育
We can see, a new form of university teaching

带来了全新的学历学位教育
have created new forms of degree-level education.

为未来的教育发展提供了很好的借鉴
This can represent a good start for future educational developments.

目前国际上斯坦福大学 佐治亚理工
For now, though, international universities including Stanford University,

伦敦大学等国外的大学
The Georgia Institute of Technology, the University of London, etc.,

提供了很多的在线教育项目
are offering a number of online education programs.

edX平台上也发布了
There are also online masters programs

全在线的硕士项目
on edX.

美国麻省理工学院推出的
MIT is offering

供应链管理微硕士项目
a "MicroMasters" program in Supply Chain Management

为全球学习者
which offers a new and special way

申请麻省理工学院硕士
for international students

以及之后在校的学习
who apply for MIT master programs

提供了一条特殊的通道
to study at MIT.

前面介绍过的清华大学
I mentioned Tsinghua University

在线认证证书项目
and its Certificate Authentication.

也是类似的一项试点
This program has some similarities with the MIT program.

在学分互认方面
Now, regarding cross-crediting between programs.

我们现在优课联盟制定的
We have specified the rules for cross-crediting

MOOC质量与学分互认管理办法里面
in the Administrative Measures for MOOC Quality and Credit Transfer guide

规定了学分互认的原则
by University Open Online Courses.

认定标准和认定程序
There are standards and procedures for credit transfers.

成员高校在自愿 自主 自定的原则下
Plus, under the "Voluntary, Independent, Customized" principle,

可以根据学分认定标准和认定程序
member universities could build their own credit transfer systems

来实现学分互认
by setting standards and formal procedures.

目前互认学分的学校已经达到50多所
By now there are over 50 member universities,

未来这种创新也会越来越多
and many more innovations to be made.

综上我们可以预见
In summary, then, we can foresee that

在在线教育的未来实践当中
the future practice of online education,

将会更好地去服务于
will better serve

以学生为中心的教学
student-centered learning,

将会更好地提供教育机会均等
and help promote equal educational opportunities,

将会更好地支持自主学习
support self-designed learning,

将会更好地服务终身学习
serve life-learners better,

也会更好地去进行
and will play an important role

学历学位教育的创新
in the innovation of formal degree-level education.