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Section 1.5 Principles of wastewater biological phosphorus removal课程教案、知识点、字幕

同学们好,我们来学习废水生物除磷的原理

主要有三个内容,第一个是废水中磷的基本概念

第二是生物除磷的基本原理与过程

第三是它主要的影响因素

废水中磷有多种存在形式,最主要的是无机磷酸盐

无机磷酸盐又受pH值影响,会有这个不同的形式

好比说正磷酸盐、偏磷酸氢盐、磷酸二氢盐

还有一些是聚磷酸盐,还有一些是有机磷

基本的认识是系统中间活性污泥系统中间所有的微生物都会从废水中间摄取一定的磷

用来合成它的细胞物质,它们会消耗一定的磷

但是在这个活性污泥中间,也有一种特殊的细菌,我们称为磷细菌

有的时候也称为聚磷菌或者说是除磷菌

它能够能过量的超出它的生理需要的这个过量来摄取废水中的磷

并且将它以聚合磷酸盐的形式贮存在细胞的体内

作一种能源的储存形式

如果我们能够创造一种工艺、创造一种条件

从活性污泥系统中间把这种高含磷的物质排出

那么就可以达到从废水中去除磷的目的

这个图就给出了生物除磷基本原理和它的基本过程,我们首先需要一个好氧池

在好氧条件下,除磷菌可以通过氧化废水中的有机物

或者是细胞体内已经储存的有机颗粒,利用所获得能量

将废水中的磷酸盐摄取到细胞体内,并且以聚合磷酸盐颗粒的形式

储存在细胞的体内,最后进入二沉池,进行沉淀

高含磷的污泥,就作为剩余污泥排出

就可以达到从废水中去除磷酸盐的目的

但是为了实现生物除磷可持续进行,高含磷的污泥

在进入好氧池之前,还需要增加一个厌氧池

在其中,使活性污泥中的除磷菌将已经摄取的磷充分的释放出来并且获得能量

去吸收废水中的小分子的有机物

并且把这个小分子的有机物转化为PHB聚β羟基颗粒

储存在细胞体内,当已经完全释放了聚合磷酸盐的除磷菌

再次进入好氧池的时候,就可以再次发挥摄取磷的功能

实现了磷的可持续去除

要注意的是,在整个生物除磷的过程中间,细菌的数量的增加

或者说剩余污泥的产率对于生物除磷的效果非常重要

生物除磷的影响因素,主要有以下的七个方面

首先是溶解氧,在厌氧池中间,希望保持绝对的厌氧过程

即使是NO3-这样的一些化合态的氧都不能够存在

在好氧池中间,正好相反,必须要维持充足的溶解氧

溶解氧要在2mg/以上

第二个是污泥龄,刚刚前面讲过,磷的去除主要靠剩余污泥的排放

所以剩余污泥对于生物除磷的效果有非常大的影响

泥龄越短的系统产生的剩余污泥越多

就可以取得了更好的除磷效果

第三个是温度,温度适应范围是比较广的,可以在5~30 ℃

第四个是pH值,范围是在6到8之间

第五个是BOD的负荷,这个要求要有足够的可生物降解的有机物

也就是说BOD与总磷的比要大于20

特别是进入厌氧池中间,希望有小分子易降解的有机物

因为它能够诱导磷酸盐的释放,磷的释放越充分,磷的摄取量也就会越大

第六个是硝态氮,因为反硝化细菌同样能够利用小分子的有机物

当厌氧反应器中间的硝酸盐的浓度过高的时候

它就会导致反硝化细菌跟除磷菌竞争小分子的有机物

导致除磷菌的磷的释放效率会降低

因此我们要求进入厌氧池中间的硝态氮浓度要低于2mg/L

第七个是氧化还原电位,同样好氧菌的氧化还原电位

我们希望是在40~50 mV

而在厌氧池的氧化还原电位是在负的-160~0 mV

这节的内容就到这,谢谢大家

Water and Wastewater Treatment Engineering: Biochemical Technology课程列表:

Chapter 0 Introduction

-Section 0.1 Development Status of Wastewater Treatment Process

--Section 0.1 Development Status of Wastewater Treatment Process

--Discussion

-Section 0.2 Typical Processes of Wastewater Biological Treatment

--Section 0.2 Typical Processes of Wastewater Biological Treatment

--Discussion

Chapter 1 Basic principles of wastewater biological treatment

-Section 1.1 Principles of wastewater aerobic biological treatment

--1.1 Principles of wastewater aerobic biological treatment

--Discussion

-Section 1.2 Principles and determination of wastewater biodegradability

--1.2 Principles and determination of wastewater biodegradability

--Discussion

-Section 1.3 Principles of wastewater anaerobic biological treatment

--Section 1.3.1 Principles of wastewater anaerobic biological treatment(1)

--Discussion

--Section 1.3.2 Principles of wastewater anaerobic biological treatment(2)

--Discussion

-Section 1.4 Principles of wastewater biological nitrogen removal

--Section 1.4 Principles of wastewater biological nitrogen removal

--Discussion

-Section 1.5 Principles of wastewater biological phosphorus removal

--Section 1.5 Principles of wastewater biological phosphorus removal

--Discussion

-Chapter 1 Homework

Chapter 2 Activated sludge process

-Section 2.1 Basic concept of activated sludge process

--Section 2.1.1 Basic concept of activated sludge process

--Discussion

--Section 2.1.2 Basic concept of activated sludge process

--Discussion

-Section 2.2 Growth rule of activated sludge and its application

--Section 2.2 Growth rule of activated sludge and its application

--Discussion

-Section 2.3 Running mode of activated sludge process

--Section 2.3.1 Running mode of activated sludge process(1)

--Discussion

--Section 2.3.2 Running mode of activated sludge process(2)

--Discussion

-Section 2.4 Kinetics of active sludge process

--Section 2.4.1 Kinetics of active sludge process(1)

--Discussion

--Section 2.4.2 Kinetics of active sludge process(2)

--Section 2.4.3 Kinetics of active sludge process(3)

--Discussion

--Research and Development of Kinetic Model of Activated Sludge Process

-Section 2.5 Principle, calculation and equipment of aeration

--Section 2.5.1 Principle, calculation and equipment of aeration(1)

--Discussion

--Section 2.5.2 Principle, calculation and equipment of aeration(2)

--Discussion

-Section 2.6 Designing of activated sludge process

--Section 2.6 Designing of activated sludge process

--Discussion

-Section 2.7 Operation and management of active sludge process

--Section 2.7.1 Operation and management of active sludge process (1)

--Discussion

--Section 2.7.2 Operation and management of active sludge process (2)

--Discussion

-Chapter 2 Homework

Chapter 3 Aerobic biofilm process

-Section 3.1 Basic principle of biofilm

--Section 3.1 Basic principle of biofilm

--Discussion

-Section 3.2 Biofilter process

--Section 3.2.1 Biofilter Process (1)

--Discussion

--Section 3.2.2 Biofilter process (2)

--Discussion

--Section 3.2.3 Biofilter process (3)

--Discussion

-Section 3.3 Biodisk process

--Section 3.3 Biodisk process

--Discussion

-Section 3.4 Biological contact oxidation process

--Section 3.4 Biological contact oxidation process

--Discussion

-Section 3.5 Aerobic biological fluidized bed process

--Section 3.5 Aerobic biological fluidized bed process

--Discussion

-Chapter 3 Homework

Chapter 4 Other aerobic biological wastewater treatment process

-Section 4.1 Oxidation ditch process

--Section 4.1 Oxidation ditch process

--Discussion

-Section 4.2 A-B process

--Section 4.2 A-B process

--Discussion

-Section 4.3 SBR process

--Section 4.3 SBR process

--Discussion

-Section 4.4 MBR process

--Section 4.4 MBR process

--Discussion

-Chapter 4 Homework

Chapter 5 Wastewater Anaerobic Biological Treatment Process

-Section 5.1 Overview and characteristics of development of anaerobic biological treatment

--Section 5.1 Overview and characteristics of development of anaerobic biological treatment

--Discussion

-Section 5.2 Anaerobic digester

--Section 5.2 Anaerobic digester

--Discussion

-Section 5.3 Anaerobic contact process and anaerobic filter process

--Section 5.3 Anaerobic contact process and anaerobic filter process

--Discussion

-Section 5.4 UASB process

--Section 5.4 UASB process

--Discussion

-Section 5.5 Other anaerobic biological treatment process

--Section 5.5 Other anaerobic biological treatment process

--Discussion

-Section 5.6 Operation management of anaerobic biological treatment process

--Section 5.6 Operation management of anaerobic biological treatment process

--Discussion

-Chapter 5 Homework

Chapter 6 Biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal process

-Section 6.1 Introduction

--Section 6.1 Introduction

--Discussion

-Section 6.2 Biological nitrogen removal process and technology

--Section 6.2 Biological nitrogen removal process and technology

--Discussion

-Section 6.3 Biological phosphorus removal process and technology

--Section 6.3 Biological phosphorus removal process and technology

--Discussion

-Section 6.4 Simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal process

--Section 6.4 Simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal process

--Discussion

-Chapter 6 Homework

Chapter 7 Natural biological treatment process

-Section 7 Natural biological treatment process

--Section 7 Natural biological treatment process

--Discussion

-Chapter 7 Homework

Chapter 8 Sludge Treatment and Disposal Process

-Section 8.1 Source, nature and treatment of sludge

--Section 8.1 Source, nature and treatment of sludge

--Discussion

-Section 8.2 Sludge thickening and digestive stability

--Section 8.2 Sludge thickening and digestive stability

--Discussion

-Section 8.3 Sludge conditioning, dehydration and incineration

--Section 8.3 Sludge conditioning, dehydration and incineration

--Discussion

-Chapter 8 Homework

Chapter 9 Wastewater Discharge and Reuse

-Section 9 Wastewater Discharge and Reuse

--Section 9 Wastewater Discharge and Reuse

--Discussion

-Chapter 9 Homework

Section 1.5 Principles of wastewater biological phosphorus removal笔记与讨论

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