2.2在线视频

同学们好
hello everyone

今天我们学习
today we study

反垄断法的第二节
the section two of Anti-monopoly Law

相关市场及其界定
related markets and their definitions

第二节
section two

相关市场及其界定
related markets and their definitions

市场
market

一般是指
generally it refers to

企业销售其产品的场所
the place where enterprises sell their products

代表着它们各自所处的行业
representing their respective industries

比如说
for example

服装市场
clothing market

果汁市场
fruit juice market

炊具市场
cookware market

汽车市场等等
automobile market and so on

这些市场一方面
on the one hand

体现着
these markets embody the trading

不同类型企业的交易场所
places of different types of enterprises

另一方面
on the other hand

也体现着
it also reflects the scope of

企业之间的竞争范围
competition between enterprises

这就好比生产服装的企业
it's like an enterprise that makes clothes and an

与生产汽车的企业之间
enterprise that produce cars

不存在直接的竞争
have no direct competition

因此
therefore

假设你是
suppose you are

市场监管机构的执法人员
a law enforcement officer of a market regulator

当有人举报说
when someone reports that

某一个经营者滥用
an operator has abused its

市场支配地位时
dominant position in the market

你首先应当解决的问题是
the first problem you should solve is

该经营者在哪一类市场
what kind of market is the operator in

在何种范围内有支配地位
to what extent is there a dominant position

那么
then

这个要解决的基本问题
this basic problem to be solved is the relevant

就是我们今天所要讲的相关市场
market we're talking about today

相关市场
relevant market is the market that

就是与具体案件有关系的市场
has something to do with specific cases

即
that is to say

在具体案件当中
in a specific case

竞争关系或
the market occurring competition relationships

限制竞争行为所发生的市场
or restriction of competition behaviors

比如说
for example

当你考察某一款牛奶经营者
when you check a certain dairy operator

是否滥用市场支配地位的案件中
whether to abuse the market dominance

你首先
first of all

要找出
you need to find out

与该牛奶经营者存在
which operators have a competitive

竞争关系的经营者有哪些
relationship with the milk operator

上面是
the above is

我们对相关市场的一个初步的
a preliminary view of the relevant market

直观的认识
intuitive knowledge

那么法律上是如何界定相关市场的呢
how does the law define relevant market

根据我国反垄断法第12条
article 12 of China's Anti-Monopoly Law

第2款
Paragraph 2

和2009年
and the provisions of Article 3 of the

国务院反垄断委员会关于
Guidelines of the Anti-monopoly Commission

相关市场界定的指南
of the State Council on the Definition

第三条的规定
of Relevant Markets in 2009

相关市场
relevant markets

是指经营者在一定时期内
refer to the commodity range and

就特定商品或者
geographical range in which operators

服务进行竞争的
compete for specific goods or services

商品范围和地域范围
in a certain period of time

此外
in addition

当生产周期
when the production cycle

使用期限
duration of service

季节性
seasonality

流行时尚性
vogue

或知识产权
or the term of protection of

保护期限等
intellectual property rights, etc.

已构成
have formed the characteristics

商品不可忽视的特征时
of commodities that cannot be ignored

界定相关市场
defining relevant markets

还应考虑时间性因素
should also consider time factor

在技术贸易
in the anti-monopoly law enforcement work

许可协议等
involving intellectual property rights

涉及知识产权的
such as technology trade

反垄断执法工作当中
licensing agreements

可能还需要
it may also be necessary to

界定相关技术市场
define the relevant technology market

考虑知识产权
consider the influence of intellectual property

创新等因素的影响
rights innovation and other factors

因此
therefore

一般来讲
generally speaking

我们将相关市场分为
we divide the relevant markets

以下四种类型
into the following four types

一是
first

相关商品市场
the relevant commodity market

是根据商品的特性
is a market consisting of a group or class of

用途及价格等因素
goods according to the goods factors such

由需求者认为
as characteristics purpose and price

具有较为紧密替代关系的
in the opinion of the demander

一组或一类商品所构成的市场
having a close substitutive relationship

比如说
for example

考察
when examining

某品牌大米经营者的市场地位
the market status of a brand of rice operator

那么各类在售大米
all kinds of rice on sale

均是同种商品
are the same kind of goods

而面粉
and flours

小麦等
wheats and other

则是替代品
are substitutes

二是
second

相关地域市场
the relevant regional market

是指
refers to

需求者
the geographical area that the demander

获取具有较为紧密替代关系的
acquires the goods with relatively close

商品的地理区域
substitution relationship

由于消费需求和偏好
due to consumer demands and preferences

跨区域交通成本
inter-regional traffic costs

贸易制度的限制
and restrictions of trade system

能够发生竞争关系的商品
the goods that can compete always

在市场的地域上总是有边界的
have boundaries in the market area

比如说
for example

在中国
in China

暖气片市场的地域范围
the regional scope of heating radiator market

不太可能包括广东
is unlikely to include Guangdong

海南等地区
Hainan and such areas

三是
third

相关时间市场
the relevant time market

在个别案件当中
in individual cases

界定相关市场
defining the relevant market

还需考虑
also needs to consider the

竞争关系所发生的时间
time when competition relationship occurs

当生产周期
when the production cycle

使用期限
duration of service

季节性
seasonality

流行时尚性
vogue

或知识产权
or intellectual property

保护期限等因素
protection duration and such factors

已经已构成商品
have became

不可忽视的特征时
the goods’ non-negligible feature

界定相关市场
defining the relevant market

还应当考虑这些因素
should also consider these factors

四是
fourth

相关技术市场
relevant technology market

相关技术市场
the relevant technology market

是指
refers to

由行使
the market formed by the competition

知识产权所涉及的技术
between technologies involved in the

和可以相互替代的
exercise of intellectual property rights

同类技术之间
and similar technologies

相互竞争所构成的市场
that can be substituted for each other

比如说
for example

在涉及知识产权或
in antitrust cases involving intellectual

技术创新的反垄断案件当中
property or technological innovation

我们通常需要界定
we usually need to define

相关技术市场
the relevant technology market

下面给大家举个例子
here's an example

假设现在有人举报
suppose someone now reports

A品牌纯牛奶在沈阳地区
brand A pure milk in Shenyang area

滥用了市场支配地位
abused the market dominance

那么
then

我们作为执法人员
as law enforcement officers

首先
first of all

要认定
we should determine

A企业是否
whether A enterprise

具有市场支配地位
has a dominant position in the market

我们要确定与A企业
we need to confirm which operators has

存在竞争关系的竞争者有哪些
competitive relations with enterprise A

即界定相关市场
that is to define the relevant market

那么
then

下面这张图中
the picture below

可乐
Coke

红牛等饮料
Red Bull and other drinks

在界定相关商品市场时
in defining the relevant commodity market

我们要不要考虑呢
shall we think about them

牛奶主要给人提供蛋白质
milk mainly provides protein to people

有助于睡眠
help with sleep

但可乐
but Coke

红牛就完全不一样了
Red Bull are completely different

睡前喝牛奶
drinking milk before bed

可以更好的入睡
can help you sleep better

但如果
but if

睡前喝一罐红牛
you drink a can of Red Bull before going to bed

那肯定会非常的精神
you will be very exciting

那么
then

同等价位的B品牌和C品牌
B and C brands at the same price

纯牛奶要不要考虑呢
shall we consider pure milk

这显然是应当考虑的
it is obvious that this should be considered

因为
because

没有A纯牛奶
if there is no A pure milk

你完全可以用B品牌
you can replace it with brand B

C品牌的纯牛奶来替代它
or brand C pure milk

所以
that's why

我们就可认定ABC
we can conclude that ABC

在同一个相关商品市场上
is in the same relevant commodity market

在四类相关市场的界定当中
in the definition of four related markets

一般来讲
generally speaking

相关商品市场
related commodity markets

和相关地域市场
and related regional markets

在每一个案件当中都需要进行界定
need to be defined in every case

具有普遍性
it has an universality

而相关时间市场
while the relevant time market

和相关技术市场
and the relevant technology market

则具有特殊性
have the particularity

只有时间性因素
only when the time factor

和技术因素
and the technical factor

影响相关市场界定时
affect the definition of the relevant market

才需要界定
it is necessary to define

相关时间市场和
the relevant time market

相关技术市场
and relevant technology market

界定相关市场的意义
defining the meaning of relevant markets

主要体现在以下两个方面
is mainly reflected in the following two aspects

一方面
on the one hand

界定相关市场是为了
defining the relevant market is to

划分竞争领域的范围
divide the scope of the field of competition

判断涉嫌违法的行为是否
judging whether the alleged illegal acts

对竞争造成了损害
have caused harm to the competition

另一个方面
on the other hand

界定相关市场是为了识别
defining the relevant market is to identify

认定目标市场上竞争者的数量
the number of competitors in the target market

规模和范围
and the scale and scope

以此判断
so as to judge

涉嫌违法企业
whether a suspected illegal enterprise

是否滥用了市场支配地位
abused the dominant position of the market

总之
in a word

相关市场的界定不是
defining the relevant market is not

反垄断法中的一项独立的制度
an independent system in anti-monopoly law

它是建立和实施
it is the foundation and premise on which

反垄断法主要制度的
the main system of anti-monopoly law

基础和前提
is established and implemented

它常常成为
it often becomes a key issue

反垄断法实施中的关键性问题
in the implementation of anti-monopoly law

好
ok

同学们
everyone

今天的课就讲到这
that's all for today

再见
goodbye