[i] throw around: vt. 到处乱扔

e.g. The industry has argued that it can resist a downturn: the seriously rich, after all, will still have plenty of cash to throw around. 

有人说奢侈品产业可以免受经济低迷的影响，毕竟真正的有钱人仍然有足够的钱一掷千金。

[ii] infer: vt. to form an opinion that something is probably true because of information that you have vt. 推断；猜测；暗示vi. 作出推论

infer something from something —— A lot can be inferred from these statistics. (从这些统计数字可以推断出许多情况。)

infer that —— From the evidence, we can infer that the victim knew her killer. (从证据中我们可以推断出受害者认识杀害她的凶手。)

[iii] interact: vi.

if people interact with each other, they talk to each other, work together etc. 互动    

e.g. interact with —— Lucy interacts well with other children in the class. (露西和班上其他 孩子相处得很好。)

if one thing interacts with another, or if they interact, they affect each other相互联系；相互影响

e.g. interact with —— The immune system interacts with both the nervous system and the hormones. (免疫系统与神经系统和荷尔蒙相互影响，相互作用。)

[iv] confuse: vt.

to make someone feel that they cannot think clearly or do not understand 使困惑，使混乱

e.g. I understand the text but the diagrams are confusing me. (我能看懂课文，但这些图表把我弄糊涂了。)

to think wrongly that a person or thing is someone or something else 混淆

e.g. People might well confuse the two products. (人们很容易混淆这两种产品。)

confuse somebody/something with somebody/something —— I always confuse you with your sister – you look so alike. (我总是把你和你姐姐搞混—你们俩长得太像了。)

[v] vague: adj.  unclear because someone does not give enough detailed information or does not say exactly what they mean adj. 不明确的；模糊的；茫然的

e.g. The governor gave only a vague outline of his tax plan.

州长提出的税收计划只有一个模糊的轮廓。

[vi] basically: [sentence adverb] spoken used to emphasize the most important reason or fact about something, or a simple explanation of something  adv. 基本上，主要地

e.g. Well, basically, it’s a matter of filling in a few forms.

   基本上，只要填几张表就行了。

in the main or most important ways, without considering additional details or differences adv. 根本上

e.g. All cheeses are made in basically the same way.

[vii] dive into: （突然）投入，跳入

e.g. We dive into the seat, piling on to each other.

我们一头扎进座位里，一个挨着一个。

[viii] precise:  precise information, details etc. are exact, clear, and correct SYN exact  adj.精确的；准确的

e.g. Precise employees are highly appreciated in our company.

我们公司十分欣赏工作态度严谨的员工。

[ix] define: to explain exactly the meaning of a particular word or idea → definition  v. 规定；限定；定义；解释

e.g. We can define marital felicity accurately.

我们能够给美满婚姻下个准确定义。

[x] a bunch of: 一束，很多

e.g. He presented her with a bunch of flowers. (他献给她一束花。)

Your friends are all just a bunch of nobodies. (你的朋友都不过是无名之辈。)

[xi] jargon: words and expressions used in a particular profession or by a particular group of people, which are difficult for other people to understand – often used to show disapproval n. 行话，vi. 说行话

e.g. The jargon in his talk was opaque to me. 他谈话中使用的行话对我是一团迷雾。

[xii] individually: separately, not together in a group OPP collectively adv. 个别地；单独地；独特地

e.g. The bridegroom thanked them all individually. 新郎向他们一个个地道谢。

[xiii] instrument:  n. 仪器；乐器；工具；器械 v. 用器械（或仪器）装备；向…提交文书

e.g. This instrument monitors the patient's heartbeats. 这台仪器监听病人的心跳。

He can play nearly every musical instrument. 他几乎能演奏每一件乐器。

[xiv] consume: vt.

to use time, energy, goods etc. → consumption 消耗

e.g. A smaller vehicle will consume less fuel. 体型较小的车辆将消耗的燃料也少。

formal to eat or drink something → consumer, consumption 吃喝

e.g. Alcohol may not be consumed on the premises. 不得在场所内饮酒。

literary if a feeling or idea consumes you, it affects you very strongly, so that you cannot think about anything else 毁灭

e.g. She was scared by the depression which threatened to consume her. 她被即将毁灭她的大萧条吓坏了。

be consumed with something —— He was consumed with guilt after the accident.

[xv] giveaway：n.

[singular] something that makes it easy for you to guess something 泄漏

be a clear/dead giveaway (=make it very easy to guess something) 

e.g. He’d been smoking dope; his glazed eyes were a dead giveaway. 他一直在吸食毒品;他呆滞的眼睛是一个明显的迹象。

[countable] something that is given away free, especially something that a shop gives you when you buy a product免费样品

e.g. Comic books were first published in the US in 1933, for use as advertising giveaways.

1933年，漫画书作为广告赠品首次在美国出版。

[xvi] classify: vt.

formal to make something clearer or easier to understand → clarification

clarify issues/a statement/matters etc.

e.g.  Reporters asked him to clarify his position (=say exactly what his beliefs are) on welfare reform. 记者们请他阐明他对福利改革的立场。

clarify how/what etc.

e.g. The report aims to clarify how these conclusions were reached. 该报告旨在澄清这些结论是如何得出的

[xvii] log in/on: phrasal verb: to do the necessary actions on a computer system that will allow you to begin using it

e.g. Passwords can then be changed so original users can't log in.

然后可以更改密码，使原始用户无法登录。

Within 30 minutes of receiving EaziLink we were logged on and uploading our copy.

在收到EaziLink的30分钟内，我们登录并上传了我们的副本。

  If you have a modem you can log on to a bulletin board and download it.

如果你有调制解调器，你可以登录到公告板上下载它。

[xviii] anonymously: adv.made or done by someone whose name is not known or not made public

e.g. The latest photographs were sent anonymously to the magazine's Paris headquarters.

最新的照片以匿名方式寄到了该杂志的巴黎总部。

[xix] profile: n.

a side view of someone’s head

in profile —— I only saw her face in profile. 我只能从侧面看到她的脸

a short description that gives important details about a person, a group of people, or a place 

e.g. Every week the magazine presents the profile of a well-known sports personality.

   该杂志每周都刊登一位著名运动员的简介。

[xx] represent:  vt. to officially speak or take action for another person or group of people 

e.g. Mr. Kobayashi was chosen to represent the company at the conference.

   小林建先生被选为该公司代表出席会议。

[xxi] feed: v.

give food (vt.) 喂养

e.g. Several children were feeding bread to the ducks. (几个孩子正在给鸭子喂面包。)

if a baby or an animal feeds, they eat (vi.) 进餐

e.g. Let your baby feed as long as she wants. (让你的宝宝随心所欲地进食)

[xxii] hashtag: a word in a Twitter message with # in front of it, which indicates what the message is about. n. 标签

e.g. People can search for hashtags in order to find messages about a particular subject.

人们可以搜索标签来查找关于特定主题的消息。

[xxiii] subscribe：to pay money, usually once a year, to have copies of a newspaper or magazine sent to you, or to have some other service  vt. 订阅；支持

subscribe to: You can subscribe to the magazine for as little as $32 a year.

你一年只需花32美元就可以订阅这本杂志。

[xxiv] personalize: to design or change something so that it is suitable for a particular person vt. 个人化；私人化；

e.g. All the products can be personalized to the client’s exact requirements.  

所有的产品都可以根据客户的具体要求进行个性化定制。

[xxv] configure: technical    to arrange something, especially computer equipment, so that it works with other equipment vt.配置

e.g. Configure energy-saving settings for your computer. 配置计算机的节能设置。

[xxvi] customize: to change something to make it more suitable for you, or to make it look special or different from things of a similar type vt. 定制；[计] 用户化

e.g. You can customize discs as you like without even making a copy to hard disk!

你可以随你喜好定制碟片而不需要先在硬盘上制作一份拷贝!

[xxvii] notify: to formally or officially tell someone about something SYN inform v. 通知；通告

notify somebody of something 

e.g. You will be notified of any changes in the system. 系统中的任何更改都会通知您。

notify somebody that

e.g. In August we were notified that our article had been rejected. 8月，我们被告知我们的文章没被采用。

[xxviii] update: v. 更新；升级n. 更新

to add the most recent information to something —— The files need updating.

to make something more modern in the way it looks or operates —— plans to update manufacturing procedures

spoken to tell someone the most recent information about a situation

update somebody on something —— Can you update me on what’s been happening?

[xxix] plus: used to show that one number or amount is added to another OPP minus prep. 加；加上

e.g. Three plus six equals nine (3 + 6 = 9). 三加六等于九。

The total cost was $10,000, plus 14% interest. 总的费用时1万美元，外加14%的利息。

and also conj. 并且

e.g. There are numerous clubs, plus a casino. 有许多俱乐部，还有一个赌场。

[xxx] review: n. 回顾；评审vt. 评论；温习vi. 写评论

[countable, uncountable] a careful examination of a situation or process

e.g. She sent us her review of the research. 她把对研究的评论寄给了我们。

[countable] an article in a newspaper or magazine that gives an opinion about a new book, play, film etc. 

e.g. The band’s new album has had very good reviews.乐队的新专辑颇受好评。

e.g. The finance committee is reviewing the budget proposal. 财务委员会正在审查预算提案。

[xxxi] rate:  v. 认为；估价；定等级；值得；怒斥；责骂

    to think that someone or something has a particular quality, value, or standard vt.

e.g. Rhodes is currently rated the top junior player in the country.

罗兹目前被评为美国最优秀的青少年球员。

to be considered as having a particular quality, value, or standard vi.

e.g. That rates as one of the best meals I’ve ever had. 那是我吃过的最好的一餐。

[xxxii] filter out: 滤出

e.g. She strained out coffee grounds.她滤出了咖啡渣。

[xxxiii] irrelevant: not useful or not relating to a particular situation, and therefore not important OPP relevant adj. 不恰当的；无关系的；不相干的

e.g. We’re focussing too much on irrelevant details. 我们过于关注无关的细节。

largely/totally/completely etc. irrelevant 

e.g. His age is completely irrelevant if he can do the job.

他能否胜任这项工作与他的年龄完全无关。

irrelevant to 

e.g. The defendant’s lawyer argued that his past offenses were irrelevant to this case.

被告的律师辩称，他过去的罪行与本案无关。

[xxxiv] platform: an opportunity to express your ideas to a large number of people n. 平台

e.g. We mustn’t give these groups a platform for their propaganda.

   我们不能给这些团体一个宣传的平台。

[xxxv] forefront: n. 最前列；最前线

e.g. And China is at the forefront of research and development in herbal medicines.

而中国正处于草药研究和开发的最前沿。

[xxxvi] evolution: the gradual change and development of an idea, situation, or object n. 进化；发展；演变

e.g. Our political institutions are in continuous evolution. 我们的政治制度正在不断发展中。

[xxxvii] blast out: 炸开

e.g. He was a wonderful singer too and often was ready to blast out his new songs.

他也是一个优秀的歌手，经常随时吼出他的新歌。

The radio blasted out rock music at full volume. 收音机以最大音量播放摇滚乐。

[xxxviii] integrate: if two or more things integrate, or if you integrate them, they combine or work together in a way that makes something more effective

integrate (something) into/with something 

e.g. Colourful illustrations are integrated into the text. 丰富多彩的插图融入了文本。

to become part of a group or society and be accepted by them, or to help someone do this

integrate (somebody) into/with something 

e.g. We’re looking for people who can integrate with a team.

我们正在寻找能够融入团队的人。

[xxxix] identical: exactly the same, or very similar

identical to/with

e.g. Nutritionally, infant formulas are almost identical to breast milk. 

   在营养方面，婴儿配方奶粉与母乳几乎完全相同。

identical in 

e.g. The sisters were identical in appearance and character.

这对姐妹在外貌和性格上都一模一样。

[xl] ephemeral: existing or popular for only a short time SYN transitory  adj. 短暂的；朝生暮死的

e.g. Such novels came forward to enjoy ephemeral popularity only.

这样的小说只是昙花一现的东西而已。

[xli] intimate: adj. 亲密的；私人的；关系紧密的

private and friendly so that you feel comfortable 

e.g. The collection has been moved from its intimate setting to the British Museum.

   藏品已从私密的环境转移到大英博物馆。

relating to very private or personal matters 

e.g. She was asked about the most intimate details of her life.

有人问她生活中最隐私的细节。

[xlii] manual: operated or done by hand or without the help of electricity, computers etc. OPP automatic 

e.g. It would take too long to do a manual search of all the data.

手动搜索这些数据会耗费很长的时间。