当前课程知识点:传统民俗与中华艺术 > Unit 6 Architectural Art > 6.8 Buildings of Classical Learning Academies > Buildings of Classical Learning Academies
大家好 欢迎来到本课堂
今天我们来讲一讲
书院建筑
书院
是中国历史上唐宋至明清出现的一种
独立的教育机构
是私人或官府所设的
聚徒讲授 研究学问的场所
书院 封建帝王时的高等学府
成为名流学者们的讲经论道之所
文人学们的向往之地
在我国古代教育史上
占有重要而又独特的地位
具有举足轻重的影响
书院从萌芽之日起
就和士人“独善其身”的生活方式
密切相关
创建的目的之一
是为了一种超世脱俗的精神追求
体现了儒家人文精神的超越性
因此 书院创建者总是把书院建在
僻静优美之地
书院既不同于作为一种
统治象征的盘据城中的学宫
也有别于一般民间建筑
它映衬自然,构成了独立整体
成为风景环境的一个重要组成部分
书院建筑多为一组
较为庞大严谨规整的建筑群
但由于重视地形的利用
多依山而建
前卑后髙
层层叠进 错落有致
与自然景色有机结合
因而收到“景色相和 神彩互发”之效
加以庭院绿化 林木遮掩
以及亭阁点缀 山墙起伏
飞檐翘角
构成生动景象
书院建筑虽较封闭
而环境的开拓则十分开敞
儒家士大夫们在其中
把置身宁静闲适的大自然
寄情山水作为自己的生活理想
自然恬淡的心境和宁静幽美的山水悠然合一
也体现了儒家之道的超越性的一面
院建筑群
力求中轴对称的理想布局
以居中为尊
以别尊卑 上下
主次 内外
通过轴线层次序列
达到由序达敬的目的
又通过不同特点的庭院天井
的空间组合
达到以和至亲的目的
以此形成一个序中有和
和中有序 和序统一的整体
今天就讲到这
谢谢观看 我们下次见
-1.1 Chinese knot
-1.2 The panda
-1.3 Cheongsam
-1.4 The Great Wall
-1.5 Confucius
-1.6 Four Great Inventions of Ancient China
-1.7 Kung Fu
--Kung Fu
-1.8 Traditional Chinese Medicine
--Traditional Chinese Medicine
-Unit 1 test
--第一单元测验
-Discussion questions
--讨论题
-2.1 Baozi
--Baozi
-2.2 The Tea Ceremony
-2.3 Tangyuan
--Tangyuan
-2.4 Sugar Figurine
-2.5 Sugar-coated Haws on a Stick
--Sugar-coated Haws on a Stick
-2.6 The Alcohol
-2.7 Chinese Eight Cuisines
-2.8 Bowls and Chopsticks
-2.9 Hot-Pot
--Hot-Pot
-2.10 Dumplings
-Unit 2 test
--第二单元测验
-Discussion questions
--讨论题
-3.1 Xiangsheng
-3.2 Chinese Characters
-3.3 Chinese Dialect Groups
-3.4 Chinese Opera
-Unit 3 test
--第三单元测试
-Discussion questions
--讨论题
-4.1 The Poetry in the Tang Dynasty
--The Poetry in the Tang Dynasty
-4.2 The Poetry in the Song and Yuan Dynasties
--The Poetry in the Song and Yuan Dynasties
-4.3 Chinese Historical Tales
-4.4 Chinese Fable
-4.5 Modern Chinese Novels
-4.6 Chinese Painting
-4.7 Flower Arrangement
-4.8 The Art of Calligraphy
-4.9 Bada Shanren
-4.10 Xiang Qi ,the Chinese Chess
-4.11 Weiqi
--Weiqi
-4.12 Lion Dance
-4.13 Chinese Folk Music
-Unit 4 test
--第四单元测试
-Discussion questions
--讨论题
-5.1 The Spring Festival
-5.2 Lantern Festival
-5.3 Tomb Sweeping Day
-5.4 Dragon Boat Festival
-5.5 Qixi Festival
-5.6 The Mid-Autumn Festival
-5.7 Double Ninth Festival
-5.8 The Laba Festival
-Unit 5 Test
--Test
-Discussion questions
-6.1 Chinese Gardens
-6.2 Courtyard House
-6.3 Hutong
--Hutong
-6.4 Huizhou Architecture
-6.5 Buddhist temples and pagodas
--Buddhist temples and pagodas
-6.6 Chinese palaces
-6.7 Zhaozhou Bridge
-6.8 Buildings of Classical Learning Academies
--Buildings of Classical Learning Academies
-6.9 Memorial Archway
-Unit 6 Test
--Unit 6 Test
-Discussion questions
-7.1 Terracotta Warriors
-7.2 The Potala Palace
-7.3 Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang
-7.4 Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang City
--Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang City
-7.5 Shaolin Monastery
-7.6 The Forbidden City
-7.7 Temple of Heaven
-7.8 Chengde Mountain Resort in Chengde
--Chengde Mountain Resort in Chengde
-7.9 Pingyao
--Pingyao
-7.10 Lijiang Old Town
--LIjiang
-Unit 7 Test
--Unit 7 Test
-Discussion questions
-8.1 Jade burial suit
-8.2 Bianzhong
-8.3 Four-goats Square Zun
-8.4 Along the River During the Qingming Festival
--Along the River During the Qingming Festival
-Unit 8 Test
--Unit 8 Test
-Discussion questions
-9.1 Table Manners
-9.2 Birthday Celebration Customs
--Birthday Celebration Customs
-9.3 Chinese Wedding and Funeral Custom
--Chinese Wedding and Funeral Custom
-9.4 Honor the Teacher and Stress Education
--Honor the Teacher and Stress Education
-9.5 Social Etiquette
-9.6 Secretive Twelve Chinese Zodiac Signs
--Secretive Twelve Chinese Zodiac Signs
-9.7 Filial Piety
-9.8 Worship Rituals
-9.9 Gift Culture
-9.10 Temple Fair
-9.11 Honesty and Trustworthiness
-9.12 Hundred Family Surnames
-9.13 Family Roots
-9.14 The Spring Festival Couplets
--The Spring Festival Couplets
-9.15 The Spring Festival Pictures
--The Spring Festival Pictures
-9.16 Exchanging Red Envelopes
-Unit 9 Test
--Unit 9 Test
-Discussion questions
-10.1 Chinese Paper Cutting
-10.2 Printing and Dyeing
-10.3 Porcelain
-10.4 Chinese Kite
-10.5 Colorful Lantern
-10.6 Folk Toys
-10.7 Writing Brush
-10.8 The Art of Seals
-10.9 Chinese Embroidery
-10.10 Stone Carving
-10.11 Abacus
--Abacus
-10.12 Seal Carving
-10.13 The Shadow Puppetry
-10.14 Beijing Dough Figurines
-Unit 10 Test
--Unit 10 Test
-Discussion questions
-11.1 Mount Tai
-11.2 Mount Huangshan
-11.3 Mount Wutai
-11.4 Qomolangma
-11.5 Zhangjiajie Forest Park
-11.6 Guilin Scenery
-11.7 JiuZhaigou
-11.8 Hulunbeier Grassland
-11.9 Huang guoshu Waterfall
-11.10 Gulangyu
--Gulangyu
-11.11 West lake
-- West lake
-11.12 Qinghai Lake
-11.13 Mount Lushan
-Unit 11 Test
--Unit 11 Test
-Discussion questions