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Cause and effect essay

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What is a cause and effect essay?

Cause and effect essays are concerned with why things happen (causes) and what happens as a result (effects). Cause and effect is a common method of organizing and discussing ideas.

Follow these steps when writing a cause and effect essay

1. Distinguish between cause and effect. To determine causes, ask, "Why did this happen?" To identify effects, ask, "What happened because of this?" The following is an example of one cause producing one effect:

Cause---You are out of gas.

Effect---Your car won't start.

Sometimes, many causes contribute to a single effect or many effects may result from a single cause. (Your instructor will specify which cause/effect method to use.) The following are examples: 

Ø Causes

liked business in high school

salaries in the field are high

have an aunt who is an accountant

am good with numbers

Ø Effect

choose to major in accounting 

Ø Cause

reduce work hours

Ø Effects

less income

employer is irritated

more time to study

more time for family and friends

However, most situations are more complicated. The following is an example of a chain reaction: 

Thinking about friend…forgot to buy gas…car wouldn't start…missed math exam…failed math course.

2. Develop your thesis statement. State clearly whether you are discussing causes, effects, or both. Introduce your main idea, using the terms "cause" and/or "effect."

3. Find and organize supporting details. Back up your thesis with relevant and sufficient details that are organized. You can organize details in the following ways: 

ü Chronological. Details are arranged in the order in which the events occurred.

ü Order of importance. Details are arranged from least to most important or vice versa.

ü Categorical. Details are arranged by dividing the topic into parts or categories. 

4. Use appropriate transitions. To blend details smoothly in cause and effect essays, use the transitional words and phrases listed below. 

Ø For causes

because, due to, on cause is, another is, since, for, first, second 

Ø For Effects

consequently, as a result, thus, resulted in, one result is, another is, therefore 

When writing your essay, keep the following suggestions in mind: 

ü Remember your purpose. Decide if you are writing to inform or persuade.

ü Focus on immediate and direct causes (or effects.) Limit yourself to causes that are close in time and related, as opposed to remote and indirect causes, which occur later and are related indirectly.

ü Strengthen your essay by using supporting evidence. Define terms, offer facts and statistics, or provide examples, anecdotes, or personal observations that support your ideas.

ü Qualify or limit your statements about cause and effect. Unless there is clear evidence that one event is related to another, qualify your statements with phrases such as "It appears that the cause was" or "It seems likely" or "The evidence may indicate" or "Available evidence suggests." 

To evaluate the effectiveness of a cause and effect essay, ask the following questions: 

What are the causes? What are the effects? Which should be emphasized? Are there single or multiple causes? Single or multiple effects? Is a chain reaction involved?

Choosing the essay topic for cause and effect essay type is not difficult, here are some sample essay topics: 

Ø Effects of Pollution

Ø The Changes in the Ocean

Ø The Civil Rights Movement and the Effects

Ø ...

Please, make sure you choose the essay topic that is really important for you. Choosing the correct essay topic makes your cause and effect essay more interesting and successful.

下一节:Fishbone Diagram

返回《Skills in English for General Academic Purposes》慕课在线视频列表

Skills in English for General Academic Purposes课程列表：

Unit 1 How to Write an Argumentative Essay？

-Video Course

--Unit 1 How to write an argumentative essay?

-Word Bank

--Word Bank

-Discussion Question

--Unit 1 Discussion

-Quiz

--Unit 1 How to Write an Argumentative Essay？

-Supplementary Materials

--Induction and deduction

--Sample Writing

--Video--Logic Fallacy

Unit 2 How to Paraphrase?

-Video Course

--Paraphrase

-Word Bank

--Word Bank

-Discussion Question

--Unit 2 Discussion

-Quiz

--Unit 2 How to Paraphrase?

-Supplementary Materials

--Paraphase

--Paraphrasing in IELTS Test

Unit 3 How to Write an Essay by Classification？

-Video Course

--Classification

-Word Bank

--Word Bank

-Discussion Question

--Unit 3 Discussion

-Quiz

--Unit 3 How to Write an Essay by Classification？

-Supplementary Materials

--Sample Essays in Lecture

--Sample writing

--Classification of AI

Unit 4 Macrostructure of Academic Lecture

-Video Course

--Macrostructure of Academic Lectures

-Word Bank

--Word Bank

-Discussion Question

--Unit 4 Discussion

-Quiz

--Unit 4 Macrostructure of Academic Lecture

-Supplementary Materials

--Video--How plants defend themselves

--Script of the above video

Unit 5 How to Write a Definition?

-Video Course

--Definition

-Word Bank

--Word Bank

-Discussion Question

--Unit 5 Discussion

-Quiz

--Unit 5 How to Write a Definition?

-Supplementary Materials

--Video--short-term and long-term memory

--what is love?

--Script of the above video

--Definition essay

Unit 6 How to Describe a Concept?

-Video Course

--How to Describe a Concept

-Word Bank

--Word Bank

-Discussion Question

--Unit6 Discussion

-Quiz

--Unit 6 How to Describe a Concept?

-Supplementary Materials

--Video--what is verbal irony?

--script of verbal irony

--The Spirit of Jinggangshan

Unit 7 How to Write an Essay by Comparison and Contrast？

-Video Course

--Comparison and Contrast

-Word Bank

--Word Bank

-Discussion Question

--Unit 7 Discussion

-Quiz

-- Unit 7 How to Write an Essay by Comparison and Contrast？

-Supplementary Material

--Sample writing

--Empathy or Sympathy

--Comparison of two scientists

Unit 8 How to Raise Questions like Socrates?

-Video Course

--How to Raise Questions like Socrates

-Word Bank

--Word Bank

-Discussion Question

--Unit 8 Discussion

-Quiz

--Unit 8 How to Raise Questions like Socrates?

-Supplementary Materials

--Video--Standardized test

--Script of the above video

--Socratic Questioning

Unit 9 How to Write a Cause-and-Effect Essay?

-Video Course

--Cause and Effect

-Word Bank

--Word Bank

-Discussion Question

--Unit 9 Discussion

-Quiz

--Unit 9 How to Write a Cause-and-Effect Essay?

-Supplementary Materials

--Sample writing

--Cause and effect essay

--Fishbone Diagram

Unit 10 How to Present a Graph?

-Video Course

--How to Present a Graph

-Word Bank

--Word Bank

-Discussion Question

--Unit 10 Discussion

-Quiz

--Unit 10 How to Present a Graph?

-Supplementary Materials

--Video--how to describe diagrams?

--IELTS writing---graph

Unit 11 Process Writing

-Video Course

--Process Writing

-Word Bank

--Word Bank

-Discussion Question

--Unit 11 Discussion

-Quiz

--Unit 11 Process Writing

-Supplementary Materials

--Sample writing (IELTS writing)

--Sample writing in lecture

Unit 12 Listening Between the Lines

-Video Course

--Listening Between the Lines

-Word Bank

--Word Bank

-Discussion Question

--Unit 12 Discussion

-Quiz

--Unit 12 Listening Between the Lines

-Supplementary Materials

--Video--dude 1

--Video---dude 2

Unit 13 How to Write a Summary?

-Video Course

--How to Write a Summary

-Word Bank

--Word Bank

-Discussion Question

--Unit 13 Discussion

-Quiz

--Unit 13 How to Write a Summary?

-Supplementary Materials

--Sample writing

--Video---how to write a summary

--Sample 2

Unit 14 Taking Notes in Lecture Listening

-Video Course

--Taking Notes in Lecture Listening

-Word Bank

--Word Bank

-Discussion Question

--Unit 14 Discussion

-Quiz

--Unit 14 Taking Notes in Lecture Listening

-Supplementary Materials

--Five note-taking methods

--Extra exercise

--Video--how best listening to lectures

Unit 15 A Reading Method--SQ3R

-Video Course

--A Reading Method ---SQ3R

-Word Bank

--Word Bank

-Discussion Question

--Unit 15 Discussion

-Quiz

--Unit 15 A Reading Method--SQ3R

-Supplementary Material

--What is SQ3R?

Unit 16 How to Distinguish Fact and Opinion?

-Video Course

--Facts and Opinions

-Word Bank

--Word Bank

-Discussion Question

--Unit 16 Discussion

-Quiz

--Unit 16 How to Distinguish Fact and Opinion?

-Supplementary Material

--Fact and Opinion

Unit 17 Basic Structure of a Research Article

-Video Course

--Basic Structure of Academic Lectures

-Word Bank

--Word Bank

-Discussion Question

--Unit 17 Discussion

-Quiz

--Unit 17 Basic Structure of a Research Article

-Supplementary Materials

--Paper in lecture

--How to structure research articles?

Unit 18 Citations and References

-Video Course

--Citations and References

-Word Bank

--Word Bank

-Discussion Question

--Unit 18 Discussion

-Quiz

--Unit 18 Citations and References

-Supplementary Materials

--Citation and reference

--Reference and Citation Format

Unit 19 How to Argue Effectively in Speaking

-Video Course

--How to Support Your Claim Effectively in Speaking

-Word Bank

--Word Bank

-Discussion Question

--Unit 19 Discussion

-Quiz

--Unit 19 How to Argue Effectively in Speaking

Unit 20 Hedging in Academic Writing

-Video Course

--Hedging in Academic Writing

-Word Bank

--Word Bank

-Discussion Question

--Unit 20 Discussion

-Quiz

--Unit 20 Hedging in Academic Writing

Unit 21 Three Minute Thesis Presentation

-Video Course

--Three Minute Thesis Presentation

-Word Bank

--Word Bank

-Discussion Question

--Unit 21 Discussion

-Quiz

--Unit 21 Three Minute Thesis Presentation

Unit 22 How to Get the Topic in Lecture Listening

-Video Course

--How to Get Topic of Lecture Listening

-Word Bank

--Word Bank

-Discussion Question

--Unit 22 Discussion

-Quiz

--Unit 22 How to Get the Topic in Lecture Listening

-Supplementary Materials

--Video for discussion

Unit 23 How to Write a Personal Statement

-Video Course

--How to Write a Personal Statement

-Word Bank

--Word Bank

-Discussion Question

--Unit 23 Discussion

-Quiz

--Unit 23 How to Write a Personal Statement

-Supplementary Materials

--Sample PS

Final Exam

-Final Exam

--Final Exam--期末考试

Cause and effect essay笔记与讨论

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