当前课程知识点：医学英语词汇进阶 > Chapter 1 The Musculoskeletal System > Unit 5 The Additional Terms and A Legend Related to the System > The Additional Terms and A Legend Related to the System
Now let's move to
the additional terms
related to the system
curvature
means a curved condition
not straight,
often abnormal
sciatica
means the pain
in the lower back, hips
and legs
spasticity
means a feature of altered skeletal muscle
performance
with a combination of
paralysis
increased tendon reflex activity
and hypertonia
spasm
means a painful and involuntary
muscular contraction
valgus
means a deformity
in which the distal part of a limb
is displaced
or twisted
away from the midline
of the body
varus
means a deformity
in which the distal part of a limb
is turned inwards
towards the midline of the body
rheumatoid arthritis
a long-term
progressive
and disabling autoimmune disease.
it causes inflammation
swelling, and pain
in and around the joints
and other body organs
gout
a form of
inflammatory arthritis
that develops in some people
who have high levels of
uric acid in the blood
ankylosing spondylitis
a form of arthritis
that primarily
affects the spine
although other joints
can become involved
osteoporosis
a bone disease
that occurs
when the body loses
too much bone
makes too little bone
or both
sarcopenia
the degenerative loss
of skeletal muscle mass
quality, and strength
associated with aging
bunion
abnormal enlargement of the joint
at the base of the large toe
commonly
caused by poorly fitted shoes
exostosis
abnormal benign growth
on the surface of a bone
also called
osteoma
herniated disk
a fragment of the disk nucleus
that is pushed out of the annulus
into the spinal canal
through a tear or rupture
in the annulus
cervical spinal stenosis
a bone disease
involving the narrowing of
the spinal canal
at the level of the neck
meniscal cyst
a collection of joint fluid
caused by a tear
within the meniscus cartilage
the joint pad over the knee
tetanus
means a bacterial infection
characterized by muscle
spasms
bionic
means utilizing electronic devices
and mechanical parts
to assist human
in performing difficult
dangerous, or intricate tasks
as by supplementing
or duplicating parts of the body
prosthesis
an artificial body part
that is used to replace
a natural part
bone densitometry
a test like an X-ray
that quickly and accurately measures
the density of bone
here is a legend
related to the system
Achilles Tendon
as we have known
a tendon
is a tough band of fibrous
connective tissue
that usually
connects muscle to bone
and is
capable of withstanding
tension
Achilles
was a famous hero in
Greek myths
when he was a
baby
Thetis, his mother, the sea
goddess
was shocked by a
prophecy
that her son would die in
war
to prevent his death, Thetis
dipped him in the river Styx,
which could protect him
from the fire
and sword
and offer him powers of
invincibility
the mother
held onto him
by the
heel
and he became invulnerable
where the waters touched him
that
is, everywhere
but the area covered
by her thumb and forefinger
this
implies that
only a heel wound
could
have been his downfall
Achilles grew up
to be a man of
war
who survived many great
battles
but as could be expected
Achilles later died
in the Trojan
War
from a heel wound
as the
result of an arrow — possibly
poisoned
by Paris
the prince of
Troy.
now “Achilles tendon”
is used as an
expression
for area of weakness,
vulnerable spot"
-A Guide to Medical Terminology
-Unit 1 Introduction
-Unit 2 The Anatomical Terms and Definitions of the Word Parts in the System
--The Anatomical Terms and Definitions of the Word Parts in the System
-Unit 3 The Diagnostic Terms Related to the System
--The DiagnosticTerms Related to the System
-Unit 4 The Surgical Terms Related to the System
--The Surgical Terms Related to the System
-Unit 5 The Additional Terms and A Legend Related to the System
--The Additional Terms and A Legend Related to the System
-Exercise for Chapter 1
-Discussion Topic 1 for Chapter 1
-Discussion Topic 2 for Chapter 1
-Unit 1 Introduction
-Unit 2 The Anatomical Terms and Definitions of the Word Parts in the System
--The Anatomical Terms and Definitions of the Word Parts in the System
-Unit 3 The Diagnostic Terms Related to the System
--The Diagnostic Terms Related to the System
-Unit 4 The Surgical Terms Related to the System
--The Surgical Terms Related to the System
-Unit 5 The Additional Terms and Skin-Related Expressions
--The Additional Terms and Expressions Related to Skin
-Chapter 2
-Discussion Topic 1 for Chapter 2
-Discussion Topic 2 for Chapter 2
-Unit 1 Introduction
-Unit 2 The Anatomical Terms and Definitions of the Word Parts in the System
--The Anatomical Terms and Definitions of the Word Parts in the System
-Unit 3 The Diagnostic Terms Related to the System
--The Diagnostic Terms Related to the System
-Unit 4 The Surgical Terms Related to the System
--The Surgical Terms Related to the System
-Unit 5 The Additional Terms and A Legend Related to the System
--The Additional Terms and A Legend Related to the System
-Exercise for Chapter 3
-Discussion Topic 1 for Chapter 3
-Discussion Topic 2 for Chapter 3
-Unit 1 Introduction
-Unit 2 The Anatomical Terms and Definitions of the Word Parts in the System
--The Anatomical Terms and Definitions of the Word Parts in the System
-Unit 3 The Diagnostic Terms Related to the System
--The Diagnostic Terms Related to the System
-Unit 4 The Surgical Terms Related to the System
--The Surgical Terms Related to the System
-Unit 5 The Additional Terms and A Legend Related to the System
--The Additional Terms and A Legend Related to the System
-Exercise for Chapter 4
-Discussion Topic 1 for Chapter 4
-Discussion Topic 2 for Chapter 4
-Unit 1 Introduction
-Unit 2 The Anatomical Terms and Definitions of the Word Parts in the System
--The Anatomical Terms and Definitions of the Word Parts in the System
-Unit 3 The Diagnostic Terms Related to the System
--The Diagnostic Terms Related to the System
-Unit 4 The Surgical Terms Related to the System
--The Surgical Terms Related to the System
-Unit 5 The Additional Terms and A Legend Related to the System
--The Additional Terms and A Legend Related to the System
-Exercise for Chapter 5
-Discussion Topic 1 for Chapter 5
-Discussion Topic 2 for Chapter 5
-Unit 1 Introduction
-- Introduction
-Unit 2 The Anatomical Terms and Definitions of the Word Parts in the System
--The Anatomical Terms and Definitions of the Word Parts in the System
-Unit 3 The Diagnostic Terms Related to the System
--The Diagnostic Terms Related to the System
-Unit 4 The Surgical Terms Related to the System
--The Surgical Terms Related to the System
-Unit 5 The Additional Terms and A Legend Related to the System
-- The Additional Terms and A Legend Related to the System
-Exercise for Chapter 6
-Discussion Topic 1 for Chapter 6
-Discussion Topic 2 for Chapter 6
-Unit 1 Introduction
-Unit 2 The Anatomical Terms and Definitions of the Word Parts in the system
--The Anatomical Terms and Definitions of the Word Parts in the System
-Unit 3 The Diagnostic Terms Related to the System
--The Diagnostic Terms Related to the System
-Unit 4 The Surgical Terms Related to the System
--The Surgical Terms Related to the System
-Unit 5 The Additional Terms and A Legend Related to the System
--The Additional Terms and A Legend Related to the System
-Exercise for Chapter 7
-Discussion Topic 1 for Chapter 7
-Discussion Topic 2 for Chapter 7
-Unit 1 Introduction
-Unit 2 The Anatomical Terms and Definitions of the Word Parts in the System
--The Anatomical Terms and Definitions of the Word Parts in the System
-Unit 3 The Diagnostic Terms Related to the System
--The Diagnostic Terms Related to the System
-Unit 4 The Surgical Terms Related to the System
--The Surgical Terms Related to the System
-Unit 5 The Additional Terms and A Legend Related to the System
--The Additional Terms and A Legend Related to the System
-Exercise for Chapter 8
-Discussion Topic 1 for Chapter 8
-Discussion Topic 2 for Chapter 8
-Unit 1 Introduction
-Unit 2 The Anatomical Terms and Definitions of the Word Parts in the System
--The Anatomical Terms and Definitions of the word parts in the system
-Unit 3 The Diagnostic Terms Related to the System
--The Diagnostic Terms Related to the System
-Unit 4 The Surgical Terms Related to the System
--The Surgical Terms Related to the System
-Unit 5 The Additional Terms and A Legend Related to the System
--The Additional Terms and A Legend Related to the System
-Exercise for Chapter 9
-Discussion Topic 1 for Chapter 9
-Discussion Topic 2 for Chapter 9
-Unit 1 Introduction
-Unit 2 The Anatomical Terms and Definitions of the Word Parts in the System
--The Anatomical Terms and Definitions of the word parts in the system
-Unit 3 The Diagnostic Terms Related to the System
--The Diagnostic Terms Related to the System
-Unit 4 The Surgical Terms Related to the System
--The Surgical Terms Related to the System
-Unit 5 The Additional Terms and A Legend Related to the System
--The Additional Terms and A Legend Related to the System
-Exercise for Chapter 10
-Discussion Topic 1 for Chapter 10
-Discussion Topic 2 for Chapter 10
-Unit 1 Introduction
-Unit 2 The Anatomical Terms and Definitions of the Word Parts in the System
--The Anatomical Terms and Definitions of the word parts in the system
-Unit 3 The Diagnostic Terms Related to the System
--The Diagnostic Terms Related to the System
-Unit 4 The Surgical Terms Related to the System
--The Surgical Terms Related to the System
-Unit 5 The Additional Terms and A Legend Related to the System
--The Additional Terms and A Legend Related to the System
-Exercise for Chapter 11
-Discussion Topic 1 for Chapter 11
-Discussion Topic 2 for Chapter 11
-Final Exam
--Final Exam
