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3.3.1 West Lake cultural landscape (1)课程教案、知识点、字幕

在这一节中,继上一节之后

我将讨论杭州西湖文化景观

探讨西湖文化景观的价值

我对景观价值这方面非常熟悉

因为我用这作为我的博士学位案例研究

杭州西湖文化景观由西湖和周边山丘组成

是一个开放的景区

受到启发的著名诗人、学者、艺术作品和数百年的历史

融合了巨大的寺庙

塔亭花园、堤道和人工岛

为改善杭州市以西、江南地区的景观

又增加了这些景观

几百年来,西湖对中国其他地区

以及日本、韩国的园林设计产生了深远的影响

并以独特的方式证明了传统文化对景观的改良

创造了一系列反映人与自然融合的景观样本

西湖被杭州市第四大道上的

崇山峻岭环抱在三岛上

自从唐代以来,它的美丽受到了作家们和艺术家的赞誉

为了使它更美丽

它的岛屿、堤道和较低的山坡被“改善”了

增加了许多寺庙、宝塔、亭台楼阁、花园和观赏树木

这些都与农耕景观融为一体

湖的主要人工元素

两个堤道和三个岛屿

是由9世纪到12世纪之间的反复清淤创造的

2011年6月24日

联合国教科文组织将杭州西湖文化景观列入《世界遗产名录》

声称其“以(ii),(iii)和(vi)标准为基础

为改善景观

创造一系列反映人与自然理想融合的景观的文化传统

提供了独特的证明”

自南宋(13世纪)以来,十个以诗意命名的风景名胜区

被认为是理想化的、经典的景观

体现了人与自然的完美融合

西湖是唐宋时期文人墨客

所阐发的中国山水美学理想的

文化景观的杰出代表

西湖的景观不仅对中国的园林设计产生了深远的影响

而且对如日本和韩国等地也产生深远影响

那里的湖泊和堤道模仿了西湖的和谐和美丽

西湖的关键组成部分仍然可以激励人们

将这些巨大的花园的美景的视觉映射到景观上

可以清楚地看到这些景观花园从周围的山丘延伸到周围

从这张照片我们可以看到,这是西湖

这是颐和园的昆明湖

而昆明湖的设计其实是受西湖的影响

标准2

正如我已经提到的颐和园,它是关于文化交流的

西湖景观的改善反映了印度传入中国的佛教理想

如“佛教的宁静”和“自然如画”

进而对东亚的景观设计产生了重大影响

它的堤道、岛屿、桥梁、寺庙、宝塔和轮廓分明的景色

在中国被广泛复制

尤其是在北京的颐和园和日本

“十大名胜古迹”的概念在中国流传了七个世纪

在16世纪朝鲜知识分子游览西湖后

也传到了朝鲜半岛

西湖景观是非常特殊的

文化传统的一个特殊证明

创造一系列反映人与自然完美融合的“图片”

即改善景观

这一传统在唐宋时期发展

并延续至今

“改良的”西湖,在树木繁茂的山丘背景下

有着独特的人造堤道、岛屿

桥梁、花园、宝塔和寺庙

可以被视为一个以杰出方式体现这一传统的实体

根据标准6,这种无形的价值观

唐宋文化以改善景观

创造大美的画面,表现人与自然的和谐

被艺术家捕捉到,被诗人命名

在西湖景观中,岛屿、堤道、寺庙、宝塔、观赏植物等都非常显眼

这一传统的价值在西湖已经延续了七个世纪

并在中国乃至日本、韩国传播开来

这些是西湖十大风景名胜

南宋(13世纪)以来,出现了“诗意风景名胜区”

现称“西湖十景”

屏幕上的图片是西湖十景之二

这十个景点系列是13至18世纪

许多学者和艺术家为之贡献的

包括这两个地区,即苏堤春春晓、三潭映月

正如屏幕上显示

Culture and Tourism课程列表:

Week 1: Cultural Tourism: Definitions and Concepts

-1.1 Introduction course outline and UNESCO World Heritage Program

--1.1.1 Introduction of culture and tourism course outline

--1.1.2 Introduction of UNESCO World Heritage Program(1)

--1.1.3 Introduction of UNESCO World Heritage Program(2)

-1.2 Cultural Heritage-1

--1.2.1 The meaning of culture heritage

--1.2.2 Criterion(i): masterpiece of human creative genius

--1.2.3 Criterion(ii): exhibit important interchange of human value

--1.2.4 Criterion(iii): bear a unique or at least exceptional testimony

--How can the public understand the importance of heritage?

-1.3 Cultural Heritage-2

--1.3.1 Criterion(iv): an outstanding example in human history

--1.3.2 Criterion(v): represent a culture or human interaction with environment

--1.3.3 Criterion(vi): associated with living traditions of outstanding universal significance

-1.4 Natural Heritage

--1.4.1 Natural heritage features, formations and criterions

--1.4.2 Cases studies of natural heritage

--Cultural landscape meanings: The case of West Lake, Hangzhou, China

--How to access heritage of your hometown?

Week 2: Mixed Heritage and Cultural Heritage Categories

-2.1 Mixed Culture and Natural Heritage

--2.1.1 Mixed heritage operational guidelines and cases (1)

--2.1.2 Mixed heritage operational guidelines and cases (2)

--2.1.3 Mixed heritage operational guidelines and cases(3)

-2.2 Authenticity, Integrity and Cultural Routes

--2.2.1 How to determine authenticity and integrity

--2.2.2 Heritage routes and heritage canals (1)

--2.2.3 Heritage routes and heritage canals (2)

--What do you think about cultural heritage categories?

-2.3 Special Heritage and Sustainable

--2.3.1 Physical remains of the history of technology and industry

--2.3.2 Transboundary Heritage, Serial Heritage, Serial/Transnational Heritage

--2.3.3 Intangible cultural heritage

--2.3.4 UNESCO World Heritage and Sustainable Tourism Programme

--Recovering the Memory of Ourselves for the Sustainable Cites

--Week 2 quiz

--What do you think about cultural heritage categories?

Week 3: Heritage System: Managing and Safeguarding World Heritage Sites

-3.1 The Australia’s Heritage System and Sydney Opera House

--3.1.1 The Australian Heritage System

--3.1.2 Case Study: The Sydney Opera House

-3.2 Role of the ISCCL and Cultural Landscape (1)

--3.2.1 Role of the ISCCL

--3.2.2 Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park

--3.2.3 Honghe Hani Rice Terraces

-3.3 Role of the ISCCL and Cultural Landscape (2)

--3.3.1 West Lake cultural landscape (1)

--3.3.2 West Lake cultural landscape (2)

-3.4 Rural Landscapes as Heritage

--3.4.1 ISCCL Principles Concerning Rural Landscapes as Heritage

--Article: ICOMOS Statutes

-3.5 Case Study: Mongolian Altai

--3.5.1 Nature Culture Integration & the Mongolian Altai(1)

--3.5.2 Nature Culture Integration & the Mongolian Altai(2)

--Week 3 quiz

--Discussion: What do you think is the role of ISCCL?

Week 4: Cultural Landscapes: Meanings, Values, Assessment, Documentation

-4.1 Introduction of the Meaning of 'landscape’

--4.1.1 Brief introduction of landscape and culture

--4.1.2 The conceptual framework of cultural landscape

-4.2 Landscape Values

--4.2.1 The word “landscape” itself and differences in Western, Eastern

--4.2.2 Cultural significance for heritage source

--Discussion: What do you think the cultural landscape attracts you?

-4.3 Reading the Landscape: Identification and Assessment

--4.3.1 Planning model for heritage conservation management policy

--4.3.2 Cultural landscape resources evaluation steps

--Article: Cultural mapping: Intangible values and engaging with communities with some reference to As

-4.4 Case Study: Wingecarribee Historic Landscape

--4.4.1 Case study:Wingecarribee historic landscape study(1)

--4.4.2 Case study:Wingecarribee historic landscape study(2)

--Week 4 quiz

--Discussion: What should we do to strengthen the protection of cultural landscape?

Week 5: Sustainable Indigenous Tourism

-5.1 Indigenous Tourism

--5.1.1 Indigenous tourism background

--5.1.2 World heritage and indigenous peoples

--5.1.3 Tourism issues at Canadian indigenous world heritage sites

--Discussion: What challenges indigenous World Heritage faces?

--Article: State conceptions of indigenous tourism in Chile

-5.2 Case Study and Conclusion: Great Expectations for Tourism

--5.2.1 Case study Pimachiowin Aki

--5.2.2 Conclusions:Great Expectations for Tourism

--Disussion: Do you have any experience of indigenous tourism?

--Week 5 quiz

Week 6: Affect and Emotion in Heritage Tourism

-6.1 The Definition of Heritage in Heritage Performance Study

--6.1.1 The definition of heritage in heritage performance study

--6.1.2 Heritage performance and meaning making

--6.1.3 Two key issues emerging from qualitative study

-6.2 Heritage Performance - Evidence from Australia, England and USA

--6.2.1 Heritage performance - reinforcement

--6.2.2 Heritage Performance - inter-generational communication and social values

--6.2.3 Heritage performance - recognition and respect

--6.2.4 Heritage performance - education

--Article:Theorizing museum and heritage visiting

-6.3 The Conclusion of Heritage Performance

--6.3 The conclusion of heritage performance

--Week 6 quiz

--Discussion: What kinds of heritage performances have you learned in this week?

--Final discussion and reflection

3.3.1 West Lake cultural landscape (1)笔记与讨论

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