3.3.1 心动周期_视频在线视频

心房或心室每收缩和舒张一次称一个心动周期
Each contraction and diastole of the atrium or ventricle is called a cardiac cycle

这个时长大概是每分钟有75次 一次大概是0.8s
which is about 75 times per minute and 0.8s per minute

我们看总共的平均是0.8s一次
We can see that the average contraction of the atrium or ventricle is 0.8s

但心房和心室的收缩是不一样的
but the contraction of the atrium and ventricle is different

我们看这个表
Let's look at this watch

第一行呢是心房的收缩和舒张
The first line is atrial contraction and diastole

第二行是心室的收缩和舒张
The second line is ventricular contraction and diastole

那我们看 心房的收缩大概是0.1s
So we can see that atrial contraction is about 0.1s

所以心房收缩的比较快
so atrial contraction is faster

那心房的舒张有0.7s 心室是0.3s 收缩的慢一点
The atrial diastole is 0.7s,the ventricle is 0.3s,the contraction is slower

然后舒张又相对于快一点
and then the diastole is faster than that

总的说来是心房收缩的快 舒张的慢 为什么呢？
Generally speaking,the atrial contraction is faster and the diastole is slower.Why?

大家想一想 心房收缩是为了干嘛
Think about it,what is atrial contraction for?

是为了把血挤到心室去
In order to squeeze blood into the ventricle

那么它舒张是为了让外面的血进来
then it relaxes in order to let the outside blood in

就会让它血管很细 心房又很大
it will make its blood vessels very thin,the atrium is very large

舒张的时候得慢慢的让它进来
when it relaxes,it has to slowly let it in

才能流满 所以它的舒张要久一些
in order to flow full.So it has a longer diastole

心室的收缩是为了把血挤到动脉或者肺静脉去
The contraction of the ventricle is to squeeze blood into the arteries or pulmonary veins

挤完之后 舒张是为了要让心房的血流进来
After the squeeze,the diastole is to let the blood flow into the atrium

心房心室它的大小差不多
The size of the atrium and ventricle is about the same

当然它的两尖瓣和三尖瓣它是有口径的
Of course,its bicuspid and tricuspid valves have caliber

所以它的舒张也会要慢一些
so its diastole will be slower

让心房的血全部灌满心室
Let the blood of the atrium fill the ventricle

灌满了以后再一挤就挤出去
and squeeze out after filling

没灌满你挤就没有血挤 这就是缺血
Without filling you,there will be no blood squeeze

这就是心动周律 心室收缩舒张一次的时间
This is ischemia,and this is the cardiac rhythm

心率是单位时间内心脏舒缩的次数
The heart rate is the number of cardiac contractions per unit time

我们一般来说就是一分钟内心脏舒张收缩的次数
Generally speaking,it is the number of cardiac contractions per minute

心率是心动周期的倒数
The heart rate is the reciprocal of the cardiac cycle

每个人的心率不一样 而且跟你的身体素质紧密关联
Everyone's heart rate is not the same,and closely related to your physical quality

年轻小孩心脏舒张收缩要有130次 很快
the younger the heart diastolic contraction to 130 times,very soon

成人呢就是60到90
adults are 60 to 90

一般女性要快一些 体弱的要快一些
The average woman and the infirm are quicker

兴奋状态 情绪激动的时候当然要
Excited state, when emotional excitement

大家可以想象 全身都需要更多的血 对吧？
of course,you can imagine that the whole body needs more blood,right?

那细胞啊 骨骼啊 消耗更多的营养 那就需要心脏放更多
Cells,bones,consume more nutrients,that requires the heart to put more

放更多就要心脏博得更快 这是第一个方面
put more will make the heart beat faster,this is the first aspect

第二个方面是体温和心率也是有关系的
The second aspect is that body temperature and heart rate are also related

越热它肯定搏的更快
The hotter it is,the faster it will surely beat

大家想象越热的话散热就越多 那你产生的热就越多
You can imagine that the hotter you are,the more heat you will generate

产生的热是通过组织的消耗
The heat generated is consumed by tissues

这些都是需要血液来补充的 一度要增加十次
which are supplemented by blood,once increased ten times

我们来看心脏的放血过程
Let's look at the bleeding process of the heart

我们先看这个收缩期 收缩是怎么收缩呢
Let's first look at the systole.How does it contract?

我们先假定是左心室 收缩
Let's first assume that the left ventricular contraction

首先是收缩把血挤到动脉去
first contraction squeezes blood into the artery

心房收缩 把血注到心室
Atrial contraction,the injection of blood into the ventricle

心室收缩 把血注到动脉
ventricular contraction,the injection of blood into the artery

通过上下动脉进来
through the inferior and inferior arteries

然后心房收缩压到心室
then the atrial systolic pressure to the ventricle

心室收缩压到肺气瓣
the ventricular systolic pressure to the pulmonary valves

肺气瓣交换之后再到左心房
and then to the left atrium after the exchange of the pulmonary valves