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5.4 Loop structure program example 1.mp4课程教案、知识点、字幕

大家好,我是云南大学信息学院丁海燕老师

欢迎走进C语言程序设计课堂

今天我们讲解循环结构程序举例

下面来看例一

按每行输出5个数的形式输出

斐波那契数列Fibonacci数列的前20项

思路:斐波那契数列的前几项是

1、1、2、3、5、8、13、21、34、…

此数列的变化规律是

fn=1

n=1的时候

n=2的时候fn=1

n>2的时候 fn=fn-1 + fn-2

这是一种递推算法

应采用循环实现

设变量f1、f2和f3,并为f1和f2赋初值1

令f3=f1+f2得到第3项;

将f1←f2, f2←f3

再求f3=f1+f2得到第4项

依此类推求第5项、第6项…

算法和程序如下:

#define N 20

main( )

{ int i,f1,f2,f3;

f1=f2=1;

printf(" %8d%8d",f1,f2);

for (i=3; i<=N; i++)

{ f3=f1+f2;

f1=f2;

f2=f3;

printf("%8d",f3);

if (i%5==0) printf(" ");} }

Fibonacci数列的前20项如图所示

下面来看例二

判断输入的某个数m是否为素数

若是素数,输出“YES”,若不是,输出“NO”。

思路:素数是指只能被1和它本身整除的数

如5、7、11、17、…等。

分别用2、3、…,m-1尝试能否整除整数m

如果m能被某个数整除,则m就不是素数

这是一种穷举算法

设除数为j,从2循环到m-1

算法和程序如下:

#include "math.h"

main( )

{ int j,n;

scanf("%d",&n); 输入n

for (j=2; j<=n-1; j++) //表示除数j的取值从2到n-1

if (n%j==0) break; /*

如果n能被某个数整除,则n就不是素数

退出循环。否则j增加1,判断下一个除数j能否整除n. */

printf("%d ",m);

if (j==n)

printf("YES ");

对于穷举法来说,为了提高程序的效率

就要减少尝试次数。

程序改进:其实n不必被2~(n-1)范围内的各整数去除

只须将n被2~√n之间的整数除即可

例如,判断17是否是素数,只须将17被2,3,4除即可

如都除不尽,n必为素数,这样做可大大减少循环次数

提高执行效率

为了方便,可以定义一个整型变量

k(其值为√n的整数部分),如果n不能被2~√n之间的

整数整除,则在完成最后一次循环后,i还要加1

因此i=k+1,然后才终止循环,在循环之后

判别i的值是否大干或等于k+1

若是,则表明n未曾被2~k之间的任一

整数整除过,因此输出“素数”。

程序如下:

{ int j,n,k;

scanf("%d",&n); //输入n的值

k=sqrt(n);

求n的根号

for (j=2; j<=k; j++) //用2到k的数去除n

if (n%j==0) break; //若发生j可以整除n,则不是素数

printf("%d ",n);

if (j>=k+1) printf("YES ");

else printf("NO ");

程序中 k=sqrt(n); k的值为√n的整数部分

if (n%j==0) break; 表示如果n能被

2~√n之间的整数整除,则n不是素数直接退出循环

程序运行结果如图所示,输入7,输出YES。

思考:如何输出100~200中所有的素数

在上题基础上,只要增加一个外循环

先后对100~200间的全部素数一一进行判定即可

也就是用一个嵌套的for循环即可处理,程序如下:

for(i=100;i<=200;i++)

{ k=sqrt(i);

for (j=2; j<=k; j++)

if (i%j==0) break;

if (j==k+1)

printf("%d ",i); }

printf(" ");}

下面来看例3

用牛顿迭代法求方程 2x三次方+4x方-7x-6=0

在x=1.5附近的根。

思路:设xn为一个接近xa的近似根

过(xn, f(xn)) 点做切线,切线方程为:

f'(Xn)=f(Xn)/Xn-Xn+1

X n+1 = X n - f(Xn) / f'(Xn)

这个公式称为牛顿迭代公式

算法基本步骤如下

1、先设一个方程近似根x0

求出方程f的值和方程导数f1的值;

f=2x0三次方+4x0平方-7x0-6

f1=6x0平方+8x0-7

2用迭代公式x=x0-f/f1进行迭代

求出比x0更接近方程根的x;

3、当|x-x0|大于某个很小的数时(如10-6)

认为未找到,此时将x→x0,再次求f、f1,并迭代

又求出一个新的更接近方程根的x;

4 、一直到 |x-x0|≤10的负六次时得到方程近似根:x或x0。

这是一种迭代算法

用循环实现

算法如下:

x赋初值

x0=x

计算f

计算f1

计算x=x0-f/f1

当 |x-x0|>10的负六次时,重复执行以上4个步骤

输出x

程序如下:

main( )

{ float x,x0,f,f1;

x=1.5;

do { x0=x;

f=2*x0*x0*x0+4*x0*x0-7*x0-6; //计算f的值

f1=6*x0*x0+8*x0-7; //计算f1的值

x=x0-f/f1; //计算x

} while(fabs(x-x0)>1e-6);

//若|x-x0|≤10的负六次方,重复计算更接近方程根的x

printf("%f ",x); //输出x}

当精度为1.5时,程序运行结果为1.539441

下面来看例四【例4】编程序求2~10000以内的完全数

完全数:一个数的因子

(除了这个数本身)之和等于该数本身

例如:6的因子是1、2、3,因子和 1+2+3=6

因此 6 是完全数

思路:

设定i从2变到10000,对每个i找到其因子和s;

判定 i=s?若相等,则i为完全数,否则不是

使用穷举算法

用双层循环实现

算法如图所示:

外循环i从2变到10000,对每个i找到其因子和s

内循环j从1变到i-1,判断i除以j余数是否为0

是,则说明j是i的因子,用s=s+j累加因子和

如果余数不为0,则执行j++,取下一个除数

再次执行内循环

内循环结束后,接着判断i==s是否相等

若相等则i为完全数,否则i不是完全数

程序如下:

{ int i,j,s;

for (i=2; i<=10000; i++)

{ s=0;

for (j=1; j

if (i%j==0)

s+=j;

if (i==s)

printf("%6d ",s);}}

程序运行结果如图所示

2~10000以内的完全数有6,28,496和8128

好了,同学们

循环结构程序举例我们就学习到这儿

下节课再见!

C Programming课程列表:

Chapter 1 Introduction

-1.1 The development and characteristics of C language

--1.The development and characteristics of C language .mp4

--1.1 Self test questions

-1.2 A simple C Language program

--1.2 A simple C Language program.mp4

--Discussion unit

--【Source program】 Example 1.1 output a line of text Hello, world! "

--【Source program】 Example 1.2 program composed of multiple functions, find the larger of two integers

--1.2 Self test questions

-1.3 Program, Programming Language and C Program Running Steps

--1.3 Program, Programming Language and C Program Running Steps.mp4

--Discussion unit

--Running steps of C source program in CodeBlocks

--1.3 Self test questions

-Course references

-chapter 1 Self-Test

Chapter 2 Algorithm

-2.1 The Concept and Description of Algorithms

--2.1 The Concept and Description of Algorithms.mp4

--Discussion unit

--2.1 Self test questions

-2.2 Examples of Simple Algorithms, Computational Thinking and Structured Programming

--2.2 Examples of Simple Algorithms, Computational Thinking and Structured Programming.mp4

--Discussion unit

--2.2 Self test questions

-Chapter 2 Self test questions

Chapter 3 Programming in C

-3.1 Simple Structure and Identifier of C Language Program

--3.1 Simple Structure and Identifier of C Language Program.mp4

--【Source program】 Example 3.1 input two integers and output the sum of two numbers.

--【Source program】 Example 3.2 input two integers and output the average value.

--【Source program】 Example 3.3 output the value of the character variable.

--3.1 Self test questions

-3.2 Constants, Variables and Assignments

--3.2 Constants, Variables and Assignments.mp4

--Discussion unit

--3.2 Self test questions

-3.3 Arithmetic, assignment, increment and decrement operators

--3.3 Arithmetic, assignment, increment and decrement operators.mp4

--3.3 Self test questions

-3.4 Conditions, commas, addresses, byte operators, and mixed operations among various numerical data

--3.4 Conditions, commas, addresses, byte operators, and mixed operations among various numerical data

--【Source program】 example of sizeof

--3.4 Self test questions

-3.5 Input and Output Examples and Character Input and Output

--3.5 Input and Output Examples and Character Input and Output.mp4

--【Source program】 Example. Find the root of quadratic equation of one variable.

--【Source program】 Example 1. Successively output three characters of BOY.

--【Source program】Example 2. Input 3 characters of BOY from the keyboard and output them to the screen

--3.5 Self test questions

-3.6 Formatted output printf function

--3.6 Formatted output printf function.mp4

--【Source program】 Example 3.4 output of integer data.

--【Source program】 Example 3.5 real data output.

--【Source program】 Example 3.6 character data output.

--【Source program】 Example 3.7 uses %s to output a string.

--3.6 Self test questions

-3.7 Formatted input scanf function

--3.7 Formatted input scanf function.mp4

--Discussion unit

--【Source program】 Example 3.8 Input and output integer data

--【Source program】Example 3.9 Input and output single precision and double precision real data.

--【Source program】Example 3.10 input and output character data.

--【Source program】Example 3.11 input and output string.

--3.7 Self test questions

-3.8 Basic Data Types of C Language

--3.8 Basic Data Types of C Language.mp4

--3.8 Self test questions

-Chapter 3 Self test questions

-Operator and expression self test questions

Chapter 4 Selection Structure

-4.1 Relational operators, logical operators, and if statements

--4.1 Relational operators, logical operators, and if statements.mp4

--Discussion unit

--【source example】Example 4.1 Find the root of the quadratic equation of one variable.

--【Source program】Example 4.2 Input two real numbers and output them from small to large.

--4.1 Self test questions

-4.2 Switch Statement

--4.2 Switch Statement .mp4

--Discussion unit

--【Source program】Example 4.3 uses switch statement to implement simple menu program

--【Source program】Example 4.4 converts centesimal score into the corresponding grade system score.

--4.2 Self test questions

-4.3 Examples of Selection Structural Programs

--4.3 Examples of Selection Structural Programs.mp4

--【Source program】 Example 4.5 determines whether a year is a leap year.

--【Source program】 Example 4.6 find the solution of quadratic equation of one variable.

--【Source program】Example 4.7 calculate the transportation cost for the user.

--4.3 Self test questions

-Chapter 4 Self test questions

Chapter 5 Loop Structure

-5.1 While and Do-While Statement

--5.1 While and Do…while statement.mp4

--Discussion unit

--【Source program】example 5.1 Use while statement to find 1 + 2 + 3 + +100

--【Source program】example 5.2 using do while statement to find 1 + 2 + 3 + +100

--5.1 Self test questions

-5.2 For Statement

--5.2 for statement.mp4

--【Source program】example 5.3 Use for loop to find 1 + 2 + 3 +100

--5.2 Self test questions

-5.3 Change the State of Loop Execution and Nested Loop

--5.3 Change the state of loop execution and nested loop .mp4

--【Source program】example 5.4 collecting charity donations

--【Source program】example 5.5 output a number between 100 and 200 that cannot be divided by 3.

--【Source program】multiplication table

--【Source program】example 5.6 Output the following 4*5 matrix.

--5.3 Self test questions

-5.4 Loop Structure Program example 1

--5.4 Loop structure program example 1.mp4

--【Source program】example 1

--【Source program】example 2

--【Source program】example 3

--【Source program】 Example 4

--5.4 Self test questions

-5.5 Loop Structure Program example 2

--5.5 Loop structure program example 2.mp4

--【Source program】example 5. Output the following figure.

--【Source program】example6. The problem of 100 chickens and 100 coins

--【Source program】example 7. Find the approximate value of PI

--5.5 Self test questions

-Chapter 5 Self test questions

Chapter 6 Batch Data Processing with Array

-6.1 Definition, Reference and Initialization of One-Dimensional Arrays

--6.1 Definition, Reference of One-Dimensional Arrays.mp4

--Discussion unit

--6.1 Self test questions

-6.2 One-Dimensional Array Programming

--6.2 One-Dimensional Array Programming.mp4

--【Source program】example 1. Fibonacci sequence

--【Source program】example 2. Find the maximum value and the minimum value.

--【Source program】example 3 exchanging array elements in reverse order.

--【Source program】example 4. Bubble sorting.

--6.2 Self test questions

-6.3 Definition, Reference and Initialization of Two-Dimensional Arrays

--6.3 Definition, Reference of Two-Dimensional Arrays.mp4

--6.3 Self test questions

-6.4 Two-Dimensional Array Programming

--6.4 Two-Dimensional Array Programming.mp4

--【Source program】example 1. Get the average score of each subject.

--【Source program】Example 2. The elements of row and column of a 2D array are interchanged

--6.4 Self test questions

-6.5 Definition, initialization and input and output of character arrays

--6.5 Definition, initialization and input and output of character arrays .mp4

--Discussion unit

--【Source program】Example 6.6 Output a known string.

--【Source program】Example 6.7 Output a diamond.

--【Source program】Example 6.10 Sorting of strings.

--6.5 Self test questions

-6.6 String Processing Function

--6.6 String Processing Function.mp4

--6.6 Self test questions

-6.7 Character Array Programming

--6.7 Character Array Programming.mp4

--6.7 Self test questions

-Chapter 6 Self test questions

Chapter 7 Modular Programming with Functions

-7.1 Function Concept and How to Define and Call Functions

--7.1 Function Concept and How to Define and Call Functions.mp4

--【Source program】Example 7.1

--7.1 Self test questions

-7.2 Data Transfer in Function Call, Call Procedure and Function Return Value

--7.2 Data Transfer in Function Call, Call Procedure and Function Return Value.mp4

--Discussion unit

--【Source program】Example 7.2

--7.2 Self test questions

-7.3 Declarations of called functions and nested calls to functions

--7.3 Declarations of called functions and nested calls to functions .mp4

--【Source program】Example 7.4 use a function to find the sum of t

--7.3 Self test questions

-7.4 Recursive call to function

--7.4 Recursive call to function.mp4

--【Source program】Example 7.6. How old is the fifth student?

--【Source program】Example 7.7 Use recursion method to find n!

--7.4 Self test questions

-7.5 Array as function parameter (1)

--7.5 Array as function parameter (1).mp4

--Discussion unit

--【Source program】Example 7.10

--7.5 Self test questions

-7.6 Array as function parameter (2)

--7.6 Array as function parameter (2).mp4

--【Source program】Selection sorting.

--【Source program】Example 7.13 find the maximum of a 3×4 matrix.

--7.6 Self test questions

-7.7 Local and global variables, internal and external functions

--7.7 Local and global variables, internal and external functions.mp4

--【Source program】Example 7.14

--7.7 Self test questions

-7.8 The Survival Period of Variables and the Storage Mode of Local Variables

--7.8 The Survival Period of Variables and the Storage Mode of Local Variables.mp4

--【Source program】Example 7.17

--7.8 Self test questions

-7.9 Storage Categories of Global Variables

--7.9 Storage Categories of Global Variables.mp4

--7.9 Self test questions

-Chapter 7 Self test questions

Chapter 8 Pointer

-8.1 Pointer Concept, Definition and Reference of Pointer Variables

--8.1 Pointer Concept, Definition and Reference of Pointer Variables.mp4

--【Source program】Example 8.1

--8.1 Self test questions

--Discussion unit

-8.2 Pointer variables as function parameters

--8.2 Pointer variables as function parameters.mp4

--Discussion unit

--【Source program】Example 8.3. Exchange two data with function call.

--8.2 Self test questions

-8.3 Pointer of array element, operation of pointer and reference of array element by pointer

--8.3 Pointer of array element, operation of pointer and reference of array element by pointer.mp4

--【Source program】Point to array elements with pointer variables.

--8.3 Self test questions

-8.4 Using Array Name as Function Parameter

--8.4 Using Array Name as Function Parameter.mp4

--【Source program】Store array elements in reverse order.

--8.4 Self test questions

-8.5 Reference to multidimensional arrays by pointers

--8.5 Reference to multidimensional arrays by pointers.mp4

--【Source program】Pointer variable pointing to one-dimensional array.

--8.5 Self test questions

-8.6 Referencing strings through pointers

--8.6 Referencing strings through pointers.mp4

--【Source program】Reference string by pointer.

--8.6 Self test questions

-8.7 Character pointer as function parameter

--8.7 Character pointer as function parameter.mp4

--【Source program】Character pointer as function parameter.

--8.7 Self test questions

-8.8 Pointer pointing to function

--8.8 Pointer pointing to function.mp4

--【Source program】Pointer variable pointing to the function.

--8.8 Self test questions

-8.9 Functions that return pointer values

--8.9 Functions that return pointer values.mp4

--【Source program】Intercept substring.

--8.9 Self test questions

-8.10 Pointer arrays and multiple pointers

--8.10 Pointer arrays and multiple pointers.mp4

--【Source program】Sorting of strings.

--8.10 Self test questions

-8.11 Dynamic memory allocation and pointer variables pointing to it

--8.11 Dynamic memory allocation and pointer variables pointing to it.mp4

--Discussion unit

--【Source program】Dynamic memory allocation.

--8.11 Self test questions

-Chapter 8 Self test questions

Chapter 9 Structure

-9.1 Define and use structural variables

--9.1 Define and use structural variables.mp4

--【Source program】Structure variable

--9.1 Self test questions

-9.2 Using structure arrays

--9.2 Using structure arrays.mp4

--Discussion unit

--【Source program】Structure array

--9.2 Self test questions

-9.3 Structure pointer

--9.3 Structure pointer.mp4

--【Source program】Structure pointer

--9.3 Self test questions

-Chapter 9 Self test questions

CodeBlocks Baidu online disk download

-CodeBlocks Baidu online disk download address

Final Exam

-Final Exam

--final exam

5.4 Loop structure program example 1.mp4笔记与讨论

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