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Etiology, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations课程教案、知识点、字幕

大家好

今天我要为大家讲解的疾病是

胸膜疾病中的胸腔积液

我将从形成机制

病因及临床表现和大家一起学习

大家知道在正常情况下

胸膜腔内有多少液体吗

首先 我们复习一下 相关的解剖知识

在肺和胸壁之间有一个潜在的

腔隙

称之为胸膜腔

在正常情况下

胸膜腔内有3到15ml液体

在呼吸运动时起

润滑的作用

每24小时有100-200ml的液体

形成与吸收

形成与吸收处于动态平衡状态

那什么是胸腔积液呢

当全身或局部病变破坏了这种

动态平衡 致使胸膜腔内液体

形成过快

或吸收太少

导致胸液异常积聚

称为胸腔积液

胸液的形成

主要取决于

壁层和脏层胸膜毛细血管与

胸膜腔内

的压力梯度

有两种方向相反的

压力促使液体移动

即液体静水压和

胶体渗透压

在图中我们可以看出

壁层胸膜静水压

是30 cmH20,而胸腔内的压力在

"呼气末"为

-5cmH2O

流体静水

压差为35cmH2O

故液体从壁层胸膜

的毛细血管向

胸腔内移动

脏层胸膜的血液供应

主要来自肺循环

其静水压为24cmH2O

两层胸膜毛细血管内

胶体渗透压一致

均为34 cmH2O

浆液的胶体渗透压

是5cmH2O 压差

就是29cmH2O

按照间质中体液流动的

Starling原理

壁层胸膜向

胸膜腔的驱液压

是6cmH2O

脏层胸膜

回吸收引压是0cmH2O

胸液主要由

壁层淋巴管微孔

重吸收

常见的病因和发病机制

有胸膜毛细血管内静水压

增高 胸膜毛细血管

胶体渗透压降低

胸膜通透性增高

壁层胸膜淋巴管引流

障碍或损伤及医源性原因

接下来我们一个一个

来看原因及机制

首先 产生胸腔积液的

原因有充血性

心衰 缩窄性心包炎

血容量增加 上腔静脉

或奇静脉受阻等

导致胸膜毛细血管内

静水压增高

产生胸腔漏出液

第二类原因有

肝硬化 肾病综合征

和营养不良 这些原因

会导致胸膜毛细血管

胶体渗透压降低

产生胸腔漏出液

第3类原因是由于

胸膜炎症

“如结核和肺炎”

结缔组织病

胸膜肿瘤 肺梗死和

膈下炎症等原因

使得胸膜毛细血管通透性

增加 产生了渗出液

第四大原因是

癌症患者发生淋巴管阻塞

发育性淋巴管

引流异常

导致

壁层胸膜淋巴引流障碍

产生渗出液

第五大原因是

主动脉瘤破裂

食管破裂

胸导管破裂等

损伤原因 产生了

血胸 乳糜胸 脓胸等

还有其他医源性的原因

也会引起胸腔积液

接下来我们看一下

临床表现

患胸腔积液的

病人会有哪些症状呢

主要的症状有呼吸困难和

胸痛 呼吸困难最为常见

当积液超过500ml时

会导致胸廓顺应性下降

膈肌受压 纵膈

移位及肺容量下降

出现呼吸困难和胸闷

积液量少时

胸痛比较明显

但随着积液的增多

胸痛反而减轻

还有一些与病因相关的

伴随症状 如

结核性胸膜炎

多发生于青年人

常出现发热 干咳

而恶性胸腔积液

多见于中老年人

多伴有消瘦和呼吸道

或原发部位肿瘤的症状

炎性积液患者

则会伴有咳嗽

咳痰和发热

如果是由于心力衰竭

所导致的胸水

则会出现心功能不全

和其他症状

胸腔积液患者会有

什么样的体征呢

当积液量少时

体征不明显

或可闻及胸膜摩擦音

当出现中到大量

积液的时候 视诊可看到

病侧胸廓饱满

呼吸运动减弱

触诊可触到气管

移向健侧

语颤减弱或消失

叩诊有实音

听诊呼吸音减弱或

消失 语音传导

减弱或消失

好 这节课就到这里了

下节课我将为大家讲解

胸腔积液的辅助检查 治疗

及护理的要点

谢谢大家

Medical Nursing课程列表:

Unit 1 Care of Patients with Respiratory System Diseases (Part One)

-Introduction to Medical Nursing

--Introduction to Medical Nursing

--Introduction to Medical Nursing

-Chapter 1 Overview of Respiratory System Diseases

--Overview of Respiratory System Diseases

--Overview of Respiratory System Diseases

--Overview of Respiratory System Diseases

-Chapter 2 Care of Patients with Pneumonia

--Overview of pneumonia

--Overview of pneumonia

--Streptococcal Pneumonia

--Streptococcal Pneumonia

--Other types of pneumonia

--Other types of pneumonia

--The quality and color of sputum

--Care of Patients with Pneumonia

-Chapter 3 Care of Patients with Lung Abscess

--Introduction of lung abscess

--Introduction of lung abscess

--Treatment and nursing of lung abscess

--Treatment and care of nursing abscess

--Care of Patients with Lung Abscess

-Chapter 4 Care of Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis

--Etiology and pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis

--Etiology and pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis

--Clinical manifestation of pulmonary tuberculosis (I)

--Clinical manifestation of pulmonary tuberculosis (I)

--Clinical manifestation of pulmonary tuberculosis (II)

--Clinical manifestation of pulmonary tuberculosis (II)

--Treatment and nursing of pulmonary tuberculosis

--Treatment and nursing of pulmonary tuberculosis

--Care of Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Unit 2 Care of Patients with Respiratory System Diseases (Part Two)

-Chapter 5 Care of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

--Care of patients with chronic bronchitis

--Care of patients with chronic bronchitis

--Care of patients with chronic bronchitis

--Introduction of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

--Introduction of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

--Care of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

--Care of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

--Oxygen

--Care of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

-Chapter 6 Care of Patients with Bronchial Asthma

--Etiology and pathogenesis of bronchial asthma

--Etiology and pathogenesis of bronchial asthma

--Clinical manifestation of bronchial asthma

--Clinical manifestation of bronchial asthma

--Treatment and nursing of bronchial asthma

--Treatment and nursing of bronchial asthma

--Care of Patients with Bronchial Asthma

-Chapter 7 Care of Patients with Chronic Pulmonary Heart Disease

--Etiology and pathogenesis of chronic pulmonary heart disease

--Etiology and pathogenesis of chronic pulmonary heart disease

--Treatment and nursing of chronic pulmonary heart disease

--Treatment and nursing of chronic pulmonary heart disease

--Care of Patients with Chronic Pulmonary Heart Disease

Unit 3 Care of Patients with Respiratory System Diseases (Part Three)

-Chapter 8 Care of Patients with Primary Bronchogenic Carcinoma

--Etiology and pathogenesis of primary bronchogenic carcinoma

--Etiology and pathogenesis of primary bronchogenic carcinoma

--Clinical manifestation and auxiliary examination

--Clinical manifestation and auxiliary examination

--Treatment and nursing of primary bronchogenic carcinoma

--Treatment and nursing of primary bronchogenic carcinoma

--Care of Patients with Primary Bronchogenic Carcinoma

-Chapter 9 Care of Patients with Pleural Effusion

--Etiology, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations

--Etiology, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations

--Treatment and nursing of pleural effusion

--Treatment and nursing of pleural effusion

--Determination of the nature of pleural effusion

--Care of Patients with Pleural Effusion

-Chapter 10 Care of Patients with Respiratory Failure and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

--Etiology and pathogenesis of respiratory failure

--Etiology and pathogenesis of respiratory failure

--Treatment and nursing of respiratory failure patients

--Treatment and nursing of respiratory failure patients

--Care of Patients with Respiratory Failure

--Introduction of acute respiratory distress syndrome

--Introduction of acute respiratory distress syndrome

--Treatment and nursing of acute respiratory distress syndrome

--Treatment and nursing of acute respiratory distress syndrome

--Care of Patients with Respiratory Failure

--Care of Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

-Unit Test: Respiratory System

-Unit Assignment: Respiratory System

Unit 4 Care of Patients with Cardiovascular System Diseases (Part One)

-Chapter 1 Care of Patients with Cardiovascular System Diseases

--Overview of Cardiovascular System

--Overview of Cardiovascular System

--Overview of Cardiovascular System

-Chapter 2 Care of Patients with Heart Failure

--Overview of heart failure

--Overview of heart failure

--Chronic heart failure (1)

--Chronic heart failure (1)

--Chronic heart failure (2)

--Chronic heart failure (2)

--Acute heart failure

--Acute heart failure

--Heart Failure

-Chapter 3 Care of Patients with Arrhythmia

--Overview of arrhythmia

--Overview of arrhythmia

--Sick sinus syndrome

--Sick sinus syndrome

--Supraventricular tachycardia

--Supraventricular tachycardia

--Atrial fibrillation

--Atrial fibrillation

--Ventricular tachycardia

--Ventricular tachycardia

--Atrioventricular block

--Atrioventricular block

--Nursing care of patients with arrhythmia

--Nursing care of patients with arrhythmia

--Cardiac arrhythmia

Unit 5 Care of Patients with Cardiovascular System Diseases (Part Two)

-Chapter 4 Care of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

--Overview of coronary heart disease

--Overview of coronary heart disease

--Stable angina pectoris

--Stable angina pectoris

--Unstable angina pectoris

--Unstable angina pectoris

--Acute myocardial infarction (1)

--Acute myocardial infarction (1)

--Acute myocardial infarction (2)

--Acute myocardial infarction (2)

--Acute myocardial infarction (3)

--Acute myocardial infarction (3)

--Coronary Artery Disease

--Difference between angina pectoris and myocardial infarction

-Chapter 5 Care of Patients with Hypertension

--Primary hypertension (1)

--Primary hypertension (1)

--Primary hypertension (2)

--Primary hypertension (2)

--Primary hypertension

--Safe nursing for patients with hypertension

-Chapter 6 Care of Patients with Myocardial Diseases

--Myocardial Diseases (1)

--Myocardial Diseases (1)

--Myocardial Diseases (2)

--Myocardial Diseases (2)

--Myocardial Diseases (3)

--Myocardial Diseases (3)

--Myocardial Diseases

-Unit Assignment: Cardiovascular System

Unit 6 Care of Patients with Digestive System Diseases

-Chapter 1 Overview of Digestive System

--Overview of digestive system(I)

--Overview of digestive system(I)

--Overview of digestive system(II)

--Overview of digestive system(II)

--Overview of Digestive System

-Chapter 2 Care of Patients with Peptic Ulcer

--Etiology and clinical manifestation of peptic ulcer

--Etiology and clinical manifestation of peptic ulce

--Treatment and nursing of peptic ulcer

--Treatment and nursing of peptic ulcer

--Recurrence of peptic ulcer

--Care of Patients with Peptic Ulcer

-Chapter 3 Care of Patients with Hepatic Cirrhosis

--Etiology and clinical manifestation of hepatic cirrhosis

--Etiology and clinical manifestation of hepatic cir

--Treatment and nursing of hepatic cirrhosis

--Treatment and nursing of hepatic cirrhosis

--Cirrhosis

--Care of Patients with Hepatic Cirrhosis

-Chapter 4 Care of Patients with Hepatic Encephalopathy

--Etiology and pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy

--Etiology and pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopath

--Clinical manifestation,treatment and nursing of hepatic encephalopathy

--Clinical manifestation,treatment and nursing of he

-- Care of Patients with Hepatic Encephalopathy

-Chapter 5 Care of Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage

--Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage(I)

--Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage(I)

--Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage(II)

--Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage(II)

--Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage(Ⅲ)

--Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage(Ⅲ)

--Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage

--Care of Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage

-Unit Test: Digestive System

-Unit Assignment: Digestive System

Unit 7 Care of Patients with Urinary System Diseases

-Chapter 1 Overview of Urinary System

--Overview of Urinary System

--Overview of Urinary System

--Overview of Urinary System

-Chapter 2 Care of Patients with Glomerular Diseases

--Care of Patients with Glomerular Diseases

--Care of Patients with Glomerular Diseases

--Care of Patients with Glomerular Diseases

--Acute Glomerulonephritis

--Acute Glomerulonephritis

-- Acute Glomerulonephritis

-- Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis

--Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis

--Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis

--Chronic Glomerulonephritis

--Chronic Glomerulonephritis

--Chronic Glomerulonephritis

-Chapter 3 Care of Patients with Nephrotic Syndrome

--Nephrotic Syndrome

--Nephrotic Syndrome

--Nephrotic Syndrome

Unit 8 Care of Patients with Urinary System Diseases

-Chapter 4 Care of Patients with Urinary Tract Infection

--Care of Patients with Urinary Tract Infection

--Care of Patients with Urinary Tract Infection

--Care of Patients with Urinary Tract Infection

--Care of Patients with Urinary Tract Infection

--Care of Patients with Urinary Tract Infection

-Chapter 5 Care of Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

--Care of Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

--Care of Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

--Care of Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

--Care of Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

--Care of Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

--Unit Assignment: Urinary System

-Chapter 6 Care of Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

--Care of Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

--Care of Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

--Care of Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

--Care of Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

--Care of Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

--Care of Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

--Care of Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Unit 9 Care of Patients with Hematologic and Hemopoietic System Diseases (Part One)

-Chapter 1 Overview of Hematologic System

--Overview of hemopoietic system diseases (I)

--Overview of hemopoietic system diseases (I)

--Overview of hemopoietic system diseases (II)

--Overview of hemopoietic system diseases (II)

--Overview of hemopoietic system diseases (I)

--Overview of hemopoietic system diseases (II)

-Chapter 2 Overview of Anemia

--Overview of Anemia

--Overview of Anemia

--Overview of Anemia

-Chapter 3 Care of Patients with Iron Deficiency Anemia

--Overview,etiology and pathogenesis,clinical manifestation,auxiliary examination and diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia

--Overview,etiology and pathogenesis,clinical manifestation,auxiliary examination and diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia

--Treatment and nursing of iron deficiency anemia

--Treatment and nursing of iron deficiency anemia

--Nutrition and Anemia

--Iron Deficiency Anemia (I)

--Iron Deficiency Anemia(II)

-Chapter 4 Care of Patients with Aplastic Anemia

--Definition, etiology,clinical manifestation,auxiliary examination and diagnosis of aplastic anemia

--Definition, etiology,clinical manifestation,auxiliary examination and diagnosis of aplastic anemia

--Treatment and nursing of aplastic anemia

--Treatment and nursing of aplastic anemia

--Pancytopenia

--Care of Patients with Aplastic Anemia

-Chapter 5 Care of Patients with Hemolytic Anemia

--Nursing of patients with hemolytic anemia

--Nursing of patients with hemolytic anemia

--Care of Patients with Hemolytic Anemia

Unit 10 Care of Patients with Hematologic and Hemopoietic System Diseases (Part Two)

-Chapter 6 Care of Patients with Hemorrhagic Diseases

--Overview of hemorrhagic diseases

--Overview of hemorrhagic diseases

--Nursing of patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

--Nursing of patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

--Nursing of patients with anaphylactoid purpura

--Nursing of patients with anaphylactoid purpura

--Overview of hemorrhagic diseases

--Nursing of patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

--Nursing of patients with anaphylactoid purpura

-Chapter 7 Care of Patients with Leukemia

--Definition, etiology and classification of leukemia

--Definition, etiology and classification of leukemia

--Definition and clinical manifestation of acute leukemia

--Definition and clinical manifestation of acute leukemia

--Auxiliary examination of acute leukemia

--Auxiliary examination of acute leukemia

--Nursing of acute leukemia(I)

--Nursing of acute leukemia(II)

--Nursing of acute leukemia

--Definition ,clinical manifestation and auxiliary examination of chronic myeloid leukemia

--Definition ,clinical manifestation and auxiliary examination of chronic myeloid leukemia

--Treatment and nursing ofchronic myeloid leukemia

--Treatment and nursing ofchronic myeloid leukemia

--Bone Pain

--Care of Patients with Leukemia

-Chapter 8 Care of Patients with Lymphoma

--Definition ,clinical manifestation, auxiliary examination,treatment and nursing of lymphoma

--Definition ,clinical manifestation, auxiliary examination,treatment and nursing of lymphoma

--Superficial Lymphadenopathy

--Care of Patients with Lymphoma

-Unit Test: Hematologic System

-Unit Assignment: Hematologic System

Unit11 Care of Patients with Endocrine System Diseases and Metabolic Disorders

-Chapter1 Overview of Endocrine ystem

--Overview of Endocrine System

--Overview of Endocrine System

--Overview of Endocrine System

-Chapter2 Care of Patients with Hypercortisolism

--Care of Patients with Hypercortisolism 1

--Care of Patients with Hypercortisolism 1

--Care of Patients with Hypercortisolism 2

--Care of Patients with Hypercortisolism2

--Care of Patients with Hypercortisolism

--Care of Patients with Hypercortisolism

-Chapter3 Care of Patients with Hyperthyroidism

--Care of Patients with Hyperthyroidism 1

--Care of Patients with Hyperthyroidism 1

--Care of Patients with Hyperthyroidism 2

--Care of Patients with Hyperthyroidism 2

--Care of Patients with Hyperthyroidism

--Care of Patients with Hyperthyroidism

-Chapter4 Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

--Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus1

--Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus 1

--Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus2

--Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus 2

--Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus 3

--Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus 3

--Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus 4

--Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus 4

--Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus 5

--Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus 5

--Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

--Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

-Unit Review: Endocrine System

--Unit Assignment: Endocrine System

--Unit Test: Endocrine System

Unit 12 Care of Patients with Infectious Diseases (Part One)

-Chapter 1 Overview of Infectious Diseases

--Overview of Infectious Diseases 1

--Overview of Infectious Diseases 1

--Overview of Infectious Diseases 1

--Overview of Infectious Diseases 2

--Overview of Infectious Diseases 2

--Overview of Infectious Diseases 2

--Overview of Infectious Diseases

-Chapter 2 Care of Patients with Viral Hepatitis

--Care of Patients with Viral Hepatitis 1

--Care of Patients with Viral Hepatitis 1

--Care of Patients with Viral Hepatitis 1

--Care of Patients with Viral Hepatitis 2

--Care of Patients with Viral Hepatitis 2

--Care of Patients with Viral Hepatitis 2

--Care of Patients with Viral Hepatitis 3

--Care of Patients with Viral Hepatitis 3

--Care of Patients with Viral Hepatitis 3

--Care of Patients with Viral Hepatitis 4

--Care of Patients with Viral Hepatitis 4

--Care of Patients with Viral Hepatitis 4

--Care of Patients with Viral Hepatitis

-Chapter 3 Care of Patients with Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome

--Care of Patients with Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome 1

--Care of Patients with Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome 1

--Care of Patients with Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome 1

--Care of Patients with Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome 2

--Care of Patients with Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome 2

--Care of Patients with Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome 2

-Chapter 4 Care of Patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

--Care of Patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome 1

--Care of Patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome 1

--Care of Patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome 1

--Care of Patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome 2

--Care of Patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome 2

--Care of Patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome 2

-Chapter 5 Care of Patients with Rabies

--Care of Patients with Rabies 1

--Care of Patients with Rabies 1

--Care of Patients with Rabies 1

--Care of Patients with Rabies 2

--Care of Patients with Rabies 2

--Care of Patients with Rabies 2

--Care of Patients with Rabies

Unit 13 Care of Patients with Infectious Diseases (Part Two)

-Chapter 6 Care of Patients with Epidemic Encephalitis B

--Care of Patients with Epidemic Encephalitis B 1

--Care of Patients with Epidemic Encephalitis B 1

--Care of Patients with Epidemic Encephalitis B 2

--Care of Patients with Epidemic Encephalitis B 2

--Care of Patients with Epidemic Encephalitis B

-Chapter 7 Care of Patients with Epidemic Cerebrospinal Meningitis

--Care of Patients with Epidemic Cerebrospinal Meningitis 1

--Care of Patients with Epidemic Cerebrospinal Meningitis 1

--Care of Patients with Epidemic Cerebrospinal Meningitis 2

--Care of Patients with Epidemic Cerebrospinal Meningitis 2

--Care of Patients with Epidemic Cerebrospinal Meningitis

-Chapter 8 Care of Patients with Cholera

--Care of Patients with Cholera

--Care of Patients with Cholera

--Care for patients with cholera

-Chapter 9 Care of Patients with Bacillary Dysentery

--Care of Patients with Bacillary Dysentery

--Care of Patients with Bacillary Dysentery

--Care of Patients with Bacillary Dysentery

-Chapter 10 Care of Patients with Schistosomiasis

--Care of Patients with Schistosomiasis 1

--Care of Patients with Schistosomiasis 1

--Care of Patients with Schistosomiasis 2

--Care of Patients with Schistosomiasis 2

--Care for patients with schistosome

-Chapter 11 Care of Patients with COVID-19

--Care of Patients with COVID-19

--Care of Patients with COVID-19

-Chapter 12 Psychological Coping Modes to the Epidemic of COVID-19

--Psychological Coping Modes to the Epidemic of COVID-19

--Psychological Coping Modes to the Epidemic of COVID-19

-Unit Test: Infectious Diseases

--Unit Test: infective disease

-Unit Assignment: Infectious Diseases

--Unit Assignment: Infectious Diseases

Unit 14 Care of Patients with Nervous System Diseases (Part One)

-Chapter 1 Overview of Nervous System Diseases

--Overview of Nervous System Diseases(I)

--Overview of Nervous System Diseases(I)

--Overview of Nervous System Diseases(I)

--Overview of Nervous System Diseases(II)

--Overview of Nervous System Diseases(II)

--Overview of Nervous System Diseases(II)

-Chapter 2 Care of Patients with Facial Neuritis

--Care of Patients with Facial Neuritis

--Care of Patients with Facial Neuritis

--Care of Patients with Facial Neuritis

-Chapter 3 Care of Patients with Cerebrovascular Diseases (Episode 1)

--Overview of Cerebral Vascular Diseases (I)

--Overview of Cerebral Vascular Diseases (I)

--Overview of Cerebral Vascular Diseases (I)

--Overview of Cerebral Vascular Diseases(II)

--Overview of Cerebral Vascular Diseases(II)

--Overview of Cerebral Vascular Diseases(II)

--Intracerebral Hemorrhage(I)

--Intracerebral Hemorrhage(I)

--Intracerebral Hemorrhage(I)

--Intracerebral Hemorrhage(II)

--Intracerebral Hemorrhage(II)

--Intracerebral Hemorrhage(II)

Unit 15 Care of Patients with Nervous System Diseases (Part Two)

-Chapter 4 Care of Patients with Cerebrovascular Diseases (Episode 2)

--Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

--Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

--Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

--Transient Ischemic Attack

--Transient Ischemic Attack

--Transient Ischemic Attack

--Cerebral Thrombosis(I)

--Cerebral Thrombosis(I)

--Cerebral Thrombosis(I)

--Cerebral Thrombosis(II)

--Cerebral Thrombosis(II)

--Cerebral Thrombosis(II)

-Chapter 5 Care of Patients with Epilepsy

--Care of Patients with Epilepsy(I)

--Care of Patients with Epilepsy(I)

--Care of Patients with Epilepsy(II)

--Care of Patients with Epilepsy(II)

--Care of Patients with Epilepsy

-Chapter 6 Care of Patients with Parkinson Disease

--Care of Patients with Parkinson Disease(I)

--Care of Patients with Parkinson Disease(I)

--Care of Patients with Parkinson Disease(II)

--Care of Patients with Parkinson Disease(II)

--Care of Patients with Parkinson Disease

-Unit Assignment: Nervous System

--Unit Assignment: Nervous System

Etiology, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations笔记与讨论

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