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今天我们讲一讲印染

印染是指

流行于民间的 在各类纤维织物上染色

印花的传统工艺

在具体应用中 印染又有广义和狭义之分

广义的印染 是对民间在纤维织物上染色

印花工艺的通称

狭义的印染

则是指一种具体的印染工艺方法

即采用防染技术 用花版型纸在纤维织物上

印染岀花纹图案的印染工艺

在中国 民间印染历史悠久

方法多样

它不仅具有实用价值 而且具有审美价值

真实地反映了一种朴实而深厚的

文化和艺术积淀

现在我国的民间印染工艺仍然极为盛行

并且各地因其不同的印染风格而自成流派

比如鲁西南的织锦

湘西的蓝印花布

维吾尔族的印花布等

印染来源于古老的捺印工艺

唐宋称“药斑布”

明清称“浇花布”

俗称“蓝印花布”

日本称为“蓝染”或“草木染”

欧美则称为“靛蓝”或“日本蓝”

蓝印花布用的染料叫蓝草

收割后可以制成水靛溶剂 称为蓝靛

蜡染

蜡染来自于古代的“蜡缬”

是利用蜂蜡

或虫蜡可以防染的原理

在白布上画好花纹图案

先然后将熔化的蜡汁涂描在花纹图案上

待蜡汁凝固后 将布浸入靛蓝液中浸染

待颜色达到一定的深度后

把布取出晾干 使颜色渗入纤维

再将布放入水中

将蜡煮脱 就成了蓝底白花的蜡染布

因为蜡性较脆

在印染过程中容易产生裂缝

染料渗入裂缝后 会产生一些不规则的裂纹

俗称“冰裂纹”

因反而形成一种独特的装饰效果

蜡染有单色染和复色染两种

有的地方甚至用四五种颜色套色印染

色彩自然而丰富

扎染

扎染来自于古代的“绞缬”

主要有针扎和捆扎两种方法

针扎法

就是用针引线在白布上扎成拟留的花纹

然后将布放入染缸浸染

晾干后将线拆去

被针扎过的地方即露出白色花纹

这种方法能扎比较细腻的图案

捆扎法

是将白布任意折叠或有规则地折叠后

用麻线捆扎起来

然后放入染缸浸染 晾干拆线后

由于捆扎有松有紧 上色便有深有浅

从而呈现出有变化的花纹

扎染的具体手法有许多

不同的手法能产生不同的印染效果

民间印染所采用的图案

多带有浓郁的民间色彩

其题材多为花草 人物及故事传说等

大都寄托了人们对美好生活的向往

在现代的都市生活中

具有鲜明地方特色

和传统文化意蕴的民间印染工艺

赢得了越来越多的人的喜爱

今天的课就到这里

感谢收看 下次再见

传统民俗与中华艺术课程列表:

Unit1 Glance of China

-1.1 Chinese knot

--Chinese Knot

--Study Materials

-1.2 The panda

--The Panda

--Study Materials

-1.3 Cheongsam

--Cheongsam

--Study Materials

-1.4 The Great Wall

--The Great Wall

--Study Materials

-1.5 Confucius

--Confucius

--Study Materials

-1.6 Four Great Inventions of Ancient China

--Four Great Inventions

--Study Materials

-1.7 Kung Fu

--Kung Fu

--Study Materials

-1.8 Traditional Chinese Medicine

--Traditional Chinese Medicine

--Study Materials

-Unit 1 test

--第一单元测验

-Discussion questions

--讨论题

Unit2 Chinese Food

-2.1 Baozi

--Baozi

--Study Materials

-2.2 The Tea Ceremony

--The Tea Ceremony

--Study Materials

-2.3 Tangyuan

--Tangyuan

--Study Materials

-2.4 Sugar Figurine

--Sugar Figurine

--Study Materials

-2.5 Sugar-coated Haws on a Stick

--Sugar-coated Haws on a Stick

--Study Materials

-2.6 The Alcohol

--The Alcohol

--Study Materials

-2.7 Chinese Eight Cuisines

--Chinese Eight Cuisines

--Study Materials

-2.8 Bowls and Chopsticks

--Bowls and Chopsticks

--Study Materials

-2.9 Hot-Pot

--Hot-Pot

--Study Materials

-2.10 Dumplings

--Dumplings

--Study Materials

-Unit 2 test

--第二单元测验

-Discussion questions

--讨论题

Unit3 The art of language

-3.1 Xiangsheng

--Xiangsheng

--Study Materials

-3.2 Chinese Characters

--Chinese Characters

--Study Materials

-3.3 Chinese Dialect Groups

--Chinese Dialect Groups

--Study Materials

-3.4 Chinese Opera

--Chinese Opera

--Study Materials

-Unit 3 test

--第三单元测试

-Discussion questions

--讨论题

Unit4 Literature and Art

-4.1 The Poetry in the Tang Dynasty

--The Poetry in the Tang Dynasty

--Study Materials

-4.2 The Poetry in the Song and Yuan Dynasties

--The Poetry in the Song and Yuan Dynasties

--Study Materials

-4.3 Chinese Historical Tales

--Chinese Historical Tales

--Study Materials

-4.4 Chinese Fable

--Chinese Fable

--Study Materials

-4.5 Modern Chinese Novels

--Modern Chinese Novels

--Study Materials

-4.6 Chinese Painting

--Chinese Painting

--Study Materials

-4.7 Flower Arrangement

--Flower Arrangement

--Study Materials

-4.8 The Art of Calligraphy

--The Art of Calligraphy

--Study Materials

-4.9 Bada Shanren

--Bada Shanren

--Study Materials

-4.10 Xiang Qi ,the Chinese Chess

--Xiang Qi ,the Chinese Chess

--Study Materials

-4.11 Weiqi

--Weiqi

--Study Materials

-4.12 Lion Dance

--Lion Dance

--Study Materials

-4.13 Chinese Folk Music

--Chinese Folk Music

--Study Materials

-Unit 4 test

--第四单元测试

-Discussion questions

--讨论题

Unit 5 Traditional Festival

-5.1 The Spring Festival

--The Spring Festival

--Study Materials

-5.2 Lantern Festival

--Lantern Festival

--Study Materials

-5.3 Tomb Sweeping Day

--Tomb Sweeping Day

--Study Materials

-5.4 Dragon Boat Festival

-- Dragon Boat Festival

--Study Materials

-5.5 Qixi Festival

--Qixi Festival

--Study Materials

-5.6 The Mid-Autumn Festival

--The Mid-Autumn Festival

--Study Materials

-5.7 Double Ninth Festival

-- Double Ninth Festival

--Study Materials

-5.8 The Laba Festival

--The Laba Festival

--Study Materials

-Unit 5 Test

--Test

-Discussion questions

--Discussion questions

Unit 6 Architectural Art

-6.1 Chinese Gardens

--Chinese Gardens

--Study Materials

-6.2 Courtyard House

--Courtyard House

--Study Materials

-6.3 Hutong

--Hutong

--Study Materials

-6.4 Huizhou Architecture

--Huizhou Architecture

--Study Materials

-6.5 Buddhist temples and pagodas

--Buddhist temples and pagodas

--Study Materials

-6.6 Chinese palaces

--Chinese palaces

--Study Materials

-6.7 Zhaozhou Bridge

--Zhaozhou Bridge

--Study Materials

-6.8 Buildings of Classical Learning Academies

--Buildings of Classical Learning Academies

--Study Materials

-6.9 Memorial Archway

--Memorial Archway

--Study Materials

-Unit 6 Test

--Unit 6 Test

-Discussion questions

--Discussion questions

Unit 7 Places of interest

-7.1 Terracotta Warriors

--Terracotta Warriors

--Study Materials

-7.2 The Potala Palace

--The Potala Palace

--Study Materials

-7.3 Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang

--Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang

--Study Materials

-7.4 Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang City

--Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang City

--Study Materials

-7.5 Shaolin Monastery

-- Shaolin Monastery

--Study Materials

-7.6 The Forbidden City

--The Forbidden City

--Study Materials

-7.7 Temple of Heaven

--Temple of Heaven

--Study Materials

-7.8 Chengde Mountain Resort in Chengde

--Chengde Mountain Resort in Chengde

--Study Materials

-7.9 Pingyao

--Pingyao

--Study Materials

-7.10 Lijiang Old Town

--LIjiang

--Study Materials

-Unit 7 Test

--Unit 7 Test

-Discussion questions

--Discussion questions

Unit 8 Chinese Cultural Relics

-8.1 Jade burial suit

--Jade burial suit

--Study Materials

-8.2 Bianzhong

--Bianzhong

--Study Materials

-8.3 Four-goats Square Zun

--Four-goats Square Zun

--Study Materials

-8.4 Along the River During the Qingming Festival

--Along the River During the Qingming Festival

--Study Materials

-Unit 8 Test

--Unit 8 Test

-Discussion questions

--Discussion questions

Unit 9 Folk Culture

-9.1 Table Manners

--Table Manners

--Study Materials

-9.2 Birthday Celebration Customs

--Birthday Celebration Customs

--Study Materials

-9.3 Chinese Wedding and Funeral Custom

--Chinese Wedding and Funeral Custom

--Study Materials

-9.4 Honor the Teacher and Stress Education

--Honor the Teacher and Stress Education

--Study Materials

-9.5 Social Etiquette

--Social Etiquette

--Study Materials

-9.6 Secretive Twelve Chinese Zodiac Signs

--Secretive Twelve Chinese Zodiac Signs

--Study Materials

-9.7 Filial Piety

--Filial Piety

--Study Materials

-9.8 Worship Rituals

--Worship Rituals

--Study Materials

-9.9 Gift Culture

--Gift Culture

--Study Materials

-9.10 Temple Fair

--Temple Fair

--Study Materials

-9.11 Honesty and Trustworthiness

--Honesty and Trustworthiness

--Study Materials

-9.12 Hundred Family Surnames

--Hundred Family Surnames

--Study Materials

-9.13 Family Roots

--Family Roots

--Study Materials

-9.14 The Spring Festival Couplets

--The Spring Festival Couplets

--Study Materials

-9.15 The Spring Festival Pictures

--The Spring Festival Pictures

--Study Materials

-9.16 Exchanging Red Envelopes

--Exchanging Red Envelopes

--Study Materials

-Unit 9 Test

--Unit 9 Test

-Discussion questions

--Discussion questions

Unit 10 Traditional Craft

-10.1 Chinese Paper Cutting

-- Chinese Paper Cutting

--Study Materials

-10.2 Printing and Dyeing

--Printing and Dyeing

--Study Materials

-10.3 Porcelain

--Porcelain

--Study Materials

-10.4 Chinese Kite

--Chinese Kite

--Study Materials

-10.5 Colorful Lantern

--Colorful Lantern

--Study Materials

-10.6 Folk Toys

--Folk Toys

--Study Materials

-10.7 Writing Brush

--Writing Brush

--Study Materials

-10.8 The Art of Seals

--The Art of Seals

--Study Materials

-10.9 Chinese Embroidery

--Chinese Embroidery

--Study Materials

-10.10 Stone Carving

--Stone Carving

--Study Materials

-10.11 Abacus

--Abacus

--Study Materials

-10.12 Seal Carving

--Seal Carving

--Study Materials

-10.13 The Shadow Puppetry

--The Shadow Puppetry

--Study Materials

-10.14 Beijing Dough Figurines

--Beijing Dough Figurines

--Study Materials

-Unit 10 Test

--Unit 10 Test

-Discussion questions

--Discussion questions

Unit 11 Scenic beauty

-11.1 Mount Tai

--Mount Tai

--Study Materials

-11.2 Mount Huangshan

--Mount Huangshan

--Study Materials

-11.3 Mount Wutai

--Mount Wutai

--Study Materials

-11.4 Qomolangma

--Qomolangma

--Study Materials

-11.5 Zhangjiajie Forest Park

--Zhangjiajie Forest Park

--Study Materials

-11.6 Guilin Scenery

--Guilin Scenery

--Study Materials

-11.7 JiuZhaigou

--JiuZhaigou

--Study Materials

-11.8 Hulunbeier Grassland

--Hulunbeier Grassland

--Study Materials

-11.9 Huang guoshu Waterfall

--11.9 Huang guoshu Waterfall

--Study Materials

-11.10 Gulangyu

--Gulangyu

--Study Materials

-11.11 West lake

-- West lake

--Study Materials

-11.12 Qinghai Lake

--Qinghai Lake

--Study Materials

-11.13 Mount Lushan

--Mount Lushan

--Study Materials

-Unit 11 Test

--Unit 11 Test

-Discussion questions

--Discussion questions

Printing and Dyeing笔记与讨论

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