当前课程知识点:传统民俗与中华艺术 > Unit 9 Folk Culture > 9.14 The Spring Festival Couplets > The Spring Festival Couplets
大家好 欢迎来到课堂
今天我们来谈谈春联
“有钱没钱 贴了春联算过年 ”
早期的中国人家
无论贫富
到了春节前夕 说什么也要张罗几幅春联贴
为了美化门面
迎春纳福
即便是求财旺 抒怀
也都可寄语春联
作为对联的一种
春联自辟邪的桃符演变而来
《准南子》曾记载
“羿死于桃棓”
古代人认为强壮如羿之人都被桃杖打死
鬼当然也怕桃杖
于是民间也有挂桃枝于门楣以驱鬼的做法
古代民间又盛传一山桃林里
住有“神荼 郁垒”两位神仙
妖魔鬼怪听到他们的名字都望风而逃
因此人们就想象这二仙的模样以桃木雕像
悬挂在门上 期望能永保平安
于是产生了“桃符”
王充
汉朝王充所著《论衡》里记载“
立桃像人于门户”
足见早在汉代
已有悬挂桃符的习惯
后来桃符渐渐简化
以方形红纸画个桃形
再写上神荼 郁垒的名字代替
到了唐朝以后
叉在这红纸上写些吉利话
加上文人又讲求两边文字对仗
慢慢就蜕变为今天的春联
一般而言 春联的内容可分为数大类
一是颂赞节令 尤其对“春”特别敏感
如“天将化日舒清景
室有春风聚太和”
或有对现实生活的期望
像钱柜上贴个“日进斗金” 猪寮
鸡舍则贴“六畜平安”
有的则是处世座右铭或文人述志
如“善为传家宝
忍是积德”
再有是对现实生意 生活的写照
如茶楼贴
“花间渴想相如露 竹下闲参陆羽经”
春联的形式种类更是包罗万象
门心是贴于两扇门扉之上
框对贴于大门左右门柱或墙壁
横批贴在门楣上之墙
斗方则是将每一枚纸剪成正方菱形贴在大门内
春条则贴于米仓 橱柜 牛栏 鸡舍等
春联对不同人事意义虽异
但好的对联总是既能呈现家风
主人性格
又要“意在言外”
写得太露骨便俗气了
例如今人喜爱的“招财进宝”
“门迎春夏秋冬福户纳东西南北财”
似乎求财过于心切
今天的课就到这里
感谢观看 下次再见
-1.1 Chinese knot
-1.2 The panda
-1.3 Cheongsam
-1.4 The Great Wall
-1.5 Confucius
-1.6 Four Great Inventions of Ancient China
-1.7 Kung Fu
--Kung Fu
-1.8 Traditional Chinese Medicine
--Traditional Chinese Medicine
-Unit 1 test
--第一单元测验
-Discussion questions
--讨论题
-2.1 Baozi
--Baozi
-2.2 The Tea Ceremony
-2.3 Tangyuan
--Tangyuan
-2.4 Sugar Figurine
-2.5 Sugar-coated Haws on a Stick
--Sugar-coated Haws on a Stick
-2.6 The Alcohol
-2.7 Chinese Eight Cuisines
-2.8 Bowls and Chopsticks
-2.9 Hot-Pot
--Hot-Pot
-2.10 Dumplings
-Unit 2 test
--第二单元测验
-Discussion questions
--讨论题
-3.1 Xiangsheng
-3.2 Chinese Characters
-3.3 Chinese Dialect Groups
-3.4 Chinese Opera
-Unit 3 test
--第三单元测试
-Discussion questions
--讨论题
-4.1 The Poetry in the Tang Dynasty
--The Poetry in the Tang Dynasty
-4.2 The Poetry in the Song and Yuan Dynasties
--The Poetry in the Song and Yuan Dynasties
-4.3 Chinese Historical Tales
-4.4 Chinese Fable
-4.5 Modern Chinese Novels
-4.6 Chinese Painting
-4.7 Flower Arrangement
-4.8 The Art of Calligraphy
-4.9 Bada Shanren
-4.10 Xiang Qi ,the Chinese Chess
-4.11 Weiqi
--Weiqi
-4.12 Lion Dance
-4.13 Chinese Folk Music
-Unit 4 test
--第四单元测试
-Discussion questions
--讨论题
-5.1 The Spring Festival
-5.2 Lantern Festival
-5.3 Tomb Sweeping Day
-5.4 Dragon Boat Festival
-5.5 Qixi Festival
-5.6 The Mid-Autumn Festival
-5.7 Double Ninth Festival
-5.8 The Laba Festival
-Unit 5 Test
--Test
-Discussion questions
-6.1 Chinese Gardens
-6.2 Courtyard House
-6.3 Hutong
--Hutong
-6.4 Huizhou Architecture
-6.5 Buddhist temples and pagodas
--Buddhist temples and pagodas
-6.6 Chinese palaces
-6.7 Zhaozhou Bridge
-6.8 Buildings of Classical Learning Academies
--Buildings of Classical Learning Academies
-6.9 Memorial Archway
-Unit 6 Test
--Unit 6 Test
-Discussion questions
-7.1 Terracotta Warriors
-7.2 The Potala Palace
-7.3 Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang
-7.4 Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang City
--Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang City
-7.5 Shaolin Monastery
-7.6 The Forbidden City
-7.7 Temple of Heaven
-7.8 Chengde Mountain Resort in Chengde
--Chengde Mountain Resort in Chengde
-7.9 Pingyao
--Pingyao
-7.10 Lijiang Old Town
--LIjiang
-Unit 7 Test
--Unit 7 Test
-Discussion questions
-8.1 Jade burial suit
-8.2 Bianzhong
-8.3 Four-goats Square Zun
-8.4 Along the River During the Qingming Festival
--Along the River During the Qingming Festival
-Unit 8 Test
--Unit 8 Test
-Discussion questions
-9.1 Table Manners
-9.2 Birthday Celebration Customs
--Birthday Celebration Customs
-9.3 Chinese Wedding and Funeral Custom
--Chinese Wedding and Funeral Custom
-9.4 Honor the Teacher and Stress Education
--Honor the Teacher and Stress Education
-9.5 Social Etiquette
-9.6 Secretive Twelve Chinese Zodiac Signs
--Secretive Twelve Chinese Zodiac Signs
-9.7 Filial Piety
-9.8 Worship Rituals
-9.9 Gift Culture
-9.10 Temple Fair
-9.11 Honesty and Trustworthiness
-9.12 Hundred Family Surnames
-9.13 Family Roots
-9.14 The Spring Festival Couplets
--The Spring Festival Couplets
-9.15 The Spring Festival Pictures
--The Spring Festival Pictures
-9.16 Exchanging Red Envelopes
-Unit 9 Test
--Unit 9 Test
-Discussion questions
-10.1 Chinese Paper Cutting
-10.2 Printing and Dyeing
-10.3 Porcelain
-10.4 Chinese Kite
-10.5 Colorful Lantern
-10.6 Folk Toys
-10.7 Writing Brush
-10.8 The Art of Seals
-10.9 Chinese Embroidery
-10.10 Stone Carving
-10.11 Abacus
--Abacus
-10.12 Seal Carving
-10.13 The Shadow Puppetry
-10.14 Beijing Dough Figurines
-Unit 10 Test
--Unit 10 Test
-Discussion questions
-11.1 Mount Tai
-11.2 Mount Huangshan
-11.3 Mount Wutai
-11.4 Qomolangma
-11.5 Zhangjiajie Forest Park
-11.6 Guilin Scenery
-11.7 JiuZhaigou
-11.8 Hulunbeier Grassland
-11.9 Huang guoshu Waterfall
-11.10 Gulangyu
--Gulangyu
-11.11 West lake
-- West lake
-11.12 Qinghai Lake
-11.13 Mount Lushan
-Unit 11 Test
--Unit 11 Test
-Discussion questions