当前课程知识点：Animal Anatomy > Chapter 11 The Endocrine System > Section 2 Endocrine Organs > Endocrine Organs-Video
同学们好
欢迎学习动物解剖学
这节课的内容是内分泌器官
内分泌器官有很多
首先我们学习垂体
垂体又称脑垂体
是动物机体内最复杂的
也是最重要的内分泌腺
与下丘脑有直接的联系
在中枢神经系统的控制下
内分泌腺所产生的激素
不仅参与调节动物骨骼
和软组织的生长发育
而且还可影响其他内分泌腺
比如甲状旁腺
肾上腺
性腺等
这些内分泌腺的分泌活动
垂体位于丘脑下部的腹侧
蝶骨体背侧的垂体窝内
为一卵圆形或扁圆形小体
其形状
大小在各种家畜略有不同
呈褐色或灰白色
垂体借漏斗连于下丘脑
外包坚韧的脑硬膜
根据垂体发生和结构特点
垂体可分为腺垂体和神经垂体两大部分
腺垂体包括远侧部
结节部和中间部
位于后方的神经垂体较小
包括神经部和漏斗部
腺垂体内有丰富的内分泌细胞
呈团状
索状或滤泡状排列
细胞团索之间有丰富的血窦
和少量的网状纤维
远侧部的内分泌细胞根据着色的差异
可分为嗜酸性细胞
嗜碱性细胞
嫌色细胞三种
主要分泌生长激素
催乳素
促卵泡刺激素
促黄体生成素
促肾上腺皮质激素和促甲状腺激素
中间部有大量的嫌色细胞
和少量嗜碱性细胞
主要分泌促黑色素细胞激素
结节部包围着神经垂体的漏斗
此处有垂体门脉通过
含丰富的纵行毛细血管
腺细胞呈索状纵向排列于血管之间
由嫌色细胞和少量嗜色细胞组成
能分泌少量促性腺激素和促甲状腺激素
神经垂体
神经垂体在猪和牛
是位于垂体的后背侧
在马位于其深部
上部与下丘脑直接相连
主要由来自下丘脑视上核
和室旁核的无髓神经纤维
和神经胶质细胞构成
并含有较丰富的窦状毛细血管
和少量网状纤维
神经垂体内不含腺细胞
不具备分泌功能
但可贮存下丘脑视上核
和室旁核神经细胞的分泌物
如抗利尿激素
和催产素
神经部的血管主要来自
左右颈内动脉发出的垂体下动脉
血管进入神经部
分支成为窦状毛细血管网
部分毛细血管血液经垂体下静脉汇入海绵窦
部分毛细血管血液逆向流入漏斗
然后从漏斗再循环到远侧部或下丘脑
同学们
关于垂体的结构就讲到这里
-Introduction
-Introduction-Homework
-Section 1 General Introduction to Bone
--General Introduction to Bone-1-Video
--General Introduction to Bone-2-Video
-General Introduction to Bone-Homework
-Section 2 Skull
-Skull-Homework
-Section 3 Torso Bone
-Torso Bone-Homework
-Section 4 Forelimb Bone
-Forelimb Bone-Homework
-Section 5 Hindlimb Bone
-Hindlimb Bone-Homework
-Section 6 Overview of Bone Connection
--Overview of Bone Connection-Video
-Overview of Bone Connection-Homework
-Section 7 Whole Body Bone Connection
--Whole Body Bone Connection-Video
-Whole Body Bone Connection-Homework
-Section 8 Muscle Overview
-Muscle Overview-Homework
-Section 9 Whole Body Muscles
-Whole Body Muscles-Homework
-Introduction of Viscera
--Introduction of Viscera-Video
-Introduction of Viscera-Homework
-Sction 1 Oral Cavity
-Oral Cavity-Homework
-Section 2 Salivary Glands
-Salivary Glands-Homework
-Section 3 Ruminant Stomach
-Ruminant Stomach-Homework
-Section 4 Single Chamber Stomach
--Single Chamber Stomach-Video
-Single Chamber Stomach-Homework
-Section 5 Intestine
--Intestine of Bovine and Sheep
-Intestine-Homework
-Section 6 Liver and Pancreas
-Liver and Pancreas-Homework
-Section 1 Nose, Pharynx and Larynx
--Nose, Pharynx and Larynx-Video
-Nose, Pharynx and Larynx-Homework
-Section 2 Trachea, Bronchus and Lung
--Trachea, Bronchus and Lung-Video
-Trachea, Bronchus and Lung-Homework
- The Urinary System
-The Urinary System-Homework
-Section 1 Female Reproductive System
--Female Reproductive System-Video
-The Female Reproductive System--Homework
-Section 2 Male Reproductive System
--Male Reproductive System-Video
-The Male Reproductive System-Homework
-Section 1 Introduction of the Cardiovascular System
--Introduction of the Cardiovascular System-Video
-Introduction of the Cardiovascular System--Homework
-Section 2 Heart
-The Heart--Homework
-Section 3 Arteries
-The Vessels--Homework
-Section 4 Veins
-The Veins--Homework
-The Cardiocascular System-PPT
-Section 1 Composition of Lymphatic System
--Compositiion of Lymphatic System-Video
-Composition of the Lymphatic System--Homework
-Section 2 Central Lymphoid Organs
--Central Lymphoid Organs-Video
-The Central Lymphoid Organs--Homework
-Section 3 Peripheral Lymphoid Organs
--Peripheral Lymphoid Organs-Video
-The Peripheral Lymphoid Organs--Homework
-Section 1 Overview of Nervous System
--Overview of Nervous System-Video
-Overview of Nervous System--Homework
-Section 2 Spinal Cord
-Spinal Cord--Homework
-Section 3 Brain
-The Brain--Homework
-Section 4 Spinal Nerve
-Spinal Nerve--Homework
-Section 5 Brain Nerve
-Brain Nerves--Homework
-Section 6 Vegetative Nerve
-Vegetative Nerve--Homework
-Section 1 Overview of Endocrine System
--Overview of Endocrine System-Video
-Overview of Endocrine System--Homework
-Section 2 Endocrine Organs
-Endocrine Organs--Homework
-Section 3 Pineal Gland
-Pineal Gland--Homework
-Section 4 Thyroid Gland
-Thyroid Gland--Homework
-Section 5 Parathyroid Gland
-Parathyroid Gland--Homework
-Section 6 Adrenal Gland
-Adrenal Gland--Homework
-Section 7 Endocrine Tissues
-Endocrine Tissues--Homework
-Section 1 Visual Organs
-The Visual Organs--Homework
-Section 2 Auditory Organs
-Auditory Organs--Homework
-Section 1 Skin and Hair
-Skin and Hair--Homework
-Section 2 Hoof and Horn
-Hoof and Horn--Homework
-Section 3 Mammary Gland
-Mammary Gland--Homework
-Section 1 Locomotor System
--Locomotor System of Avian-Video
-Locomotor System--Homework
-Section 2 Digestive System
--Digestive System of Avian-Video
-Digestive System--Homework
-Section 3 Respiratory and Urinary System
--Respiratory and Urinary System of Avian-Video
-Respiratory and Urinary System--Homework
-Section 4 Reproductive System
--Reproductive System of Avian-Video
-Reproductive System--Homework
-Section 5 Cardiovascular and Lymphatic System
--Cardiovascular and Lymphatic System of Avian-Video
-Cardiovascular and Lymphatic System--Homework
-Section 6 Endocrine and Nervous System
--Endocrine and Nervous Sysem of Avian-Video
-Endocrine and Nervous System--Homework
-Section 7 Sensory and Integumentary System
--Sensory and Integumentary System of Avian-Video
-The Sensory and Integumentary System--Homework
-The Anatomical Characteristics of Avian-ppt
-The Final Examination·
