15.3 Comparison and Contrast慕课视频播放-主题英语-MOOC慕课视频教程-柠檬大学

据说苏珊既博学又和蔼可亲，而琳达认真负责又有经验。

所以她们俩的课我都会选。

你呢？

你决定要选哪门选修课了吗？

大家好。

正如你们在我的表演中看到的，

比较和对比是我们在日常生活中经常经历的两种思维过程。

当我们比较两个事物时，我们指明它们的相似之处；

当我们对比两个事物时，我们展示它们的不同之处。

我们可能会比较或对比两个老师，

两个品牌的产品，两个电视节目，

两辆车，两种工作，两个朋友或者我们所面临问题的两种解决方案。

在课文A的最开始，作者告诉我们:

基因研究数量的增多引起了有关幸福本质的争论。

既然这篇文章有关争辩，一定包括不同的思想，

所以我们将讨论如何通过比较和对比来开展写作。

就像你在表演中看到的一样，比较和对比的目的是为了更清晰地理解两个事物，

有时候，也是为了在二者之间做出判断。

课文A第二段中，作者对比了异卵双胞胎和同卵双胞胎的回答或幸福指数来做判断。

由于同卵双胞胎有相同的基因，

用他们相似的结果与异卵双胞胎分数相似性的缺失进行比较，表明幸福感与基因之间存在关联。

注意对比有一些基础，其中之一就是使用过渡词来帮助读者跟上你的思路。

过渡词标志着作者的思维方向。

它们就像引导游客的路标一样。

对于我们刚才提到的对比，

作者选择了常见转折过渡词之一——虽然。

“但是，然而，虽然，否则，仍然，相反，

另一方面，尽管如此，相反，尽管，纵然”这些词经常被用作转折过渡词。

除此之外，还有一些其他种类的连接词可以帮助我们把一篇文章中具体的论据联系在一起：

例如，重复的单词。

我们当中很多人都被教导过——要正确地——避免在写作中重复。

然而，重复关键词会帮助我们把文章的思路联接在一起。

下面，在第九段，重复词“控制”提醒读者对比的两个方面。

快乐的人觉得他们可以掌控自己的生活。

然而，当人们不能控制自己的生活时，

他们就会经历抑郁和糟糕的健康状况。

一篇重在对比和比较的文章，其目的是通过例子展示不同的物或人多么不同或多么相似，从而得出论点。

你是用对比还是比较，取决于你想向读者传达的具体观点。

在第三段中，

为了说明在出生后就被分开并寄养在不同家庭中的同卵双胞胎对幸福或绝望有着几乎相同的感觉这一观点，

作者选择了比较。

作者通过比较一对双胞胎兄弟，一个被寄养在无教育背景的渔家，另一个养父是警察部门高官，从而清晰地证明了基因相似性和幸福感之间的关联。

另外一个比较是一对双胞胎姐妹，

她们一个生活在极其贫困的市中心街区，另一个则在乡村富人区长大，

这同样证实了相同基因与幸福感之间的关联。

现在我们学习了比较和对比的目的和方法，

那么下次就请同学们重点通过比较和对比来写一篇文章。

主题英语课程列表：

01 COLLEGE LIFE

-1.1 Lexical Chunks Expressing Aims

--1.1 Lexical Chunks Expressing Aims

--1.1 Discussion

-1.2 Sentence Patterns for Research

--1.2 Sentence Patterns for Research

-1.3 An Introduction to Essay Writing

--1.3 An Introduction to Essay Writing

-1.4 An Introduction to MOOCs

--1.4 An Introduction to MOOCs

-1.5 Chinese Dragons

--1.5 Chinese Dragons

--1.5 Discussion

-Test 01

02 A WORLD OF FAST FOOD

-2.1 Lexical Chunks for Dish, Flavor and Cookware

--2.1 Lexical Chunks for Dish, Flavor and Cookware

--2.1 Discussion

-2.2 Sentence Patterns for Describing Problems

--2.2 Sentence Patterns for Describing Problems

--2.2 Discussion

-2.3 Four Bases for Revising Essays (1): Unity and Support

--2.3 Four Bases for Revising Essays (1): Unity and Support

-2.4 The 8 Great Cuisines of China

--2.4 The 8 Great Cuisines of China

-2.5 Chinese Dumplings

--2.5 Chinese Dumplings

-Test 02

03 HEALTHY HABITS

-3.1 Lexical Chunks for Mental Health

--3.1 Lexical Chunks for Mental Health

--3.1 Discussion

-3.2 Three Most Common Types of Sentence-skills Errors in Writing

--3.2 Three Most Common Types of Sentence-skills Errors in Writing

-3.3 Point and Support in Essay Writing

--3.3 Point and Support in Essay Writing

-3.4 The Relationship Between Health and Stress

--3.4 The Relationship Between Health and Stress

-3.5 Acupuncture and Other TCM Therapies

--3.5 Acupuncture and Other TCM Therapies

--3.5 Discussion

-Test 03

04 PERSONAL HEROES

-4.1 Lexical Chunks for Giving Opinions

--4.1 Lexical Chunks for Giving Opinions

--4.1 Discussion

-4.2 Dependent-Word Fragments

--4.2 Dependent-Word Fragments

-4.3 Four Bases for Revising Essays (2): Coherence and Sentence Skills

--4.3 Four Bases for Revising Essays (2): Coherence and Sentence Skills

-4.4 Creative Problem Solving

--4.4 Creative Problem Solving

-4.5 Chinese Kung Fu

--4.5 Chinese Kung Fu

--4.5 Discussion

-Test 04

05 BILINGUAL EDUCATION

-5.0 Introduction: Bilingual Education

--5.0 Introduction: Bilingual Education

--5.0 Discussion

-5.1 Prefixes Related to Numbers

--5.1 Lexical Learning by Introducing Prefixes Related to Numbers

-5.2 Sentence Patterns for Giving Definitions

--5.2 Sentence Patterns for Giving Definitions

-5.3 How to Give Definitions in Essay Writing

--5.3 How to Give Definitions in Essay Writing

-5.4 The Importance of Language Learning

--5.4 The Importance of Language Learning

--5.4 Discussion

-5.5 Chinese Characters

--5.5 Chinese Characters

-Test 05

06 LOVE AND MARRIAGE

-6.0 Introduction: Love and Marriage

--6.0 Introduction: Love and Marriage

-6.1 Lexical Chunks: Cultural Words Related to Chinese Weddings

--6.1 Lexical Chunks: Cultural Words Related to Chinese Weddings

-6.2 Sentence Pattern: Should Passive Voice be Encouraged in Writing?

--6.2 Sentence Pattern: Should Passive Voice be Encouraged in Writing?

-6.3 How to Write a Supported Opinion Paragraph?

--6.3 How to Write a Supported Opinion Paragraph?

-6.4 Which is Your Idea of Marriage, Love-oriented or Money-oriented?

--6.4 Which is Your Idea of Marriage, Love-oriented or Money-oriented?

--6.4 Discussion

-6.5 Chinese Chopsticks

--6.5 Chinese Chopsticks

--6.5 Discussion

-Test 06

07 MONEY MATTERS

-7.0 Introduction: Budget

--7.0 Introduction: Budget

-7.1 Lexical Chunks: The Key Word “Deposit”

--7.1 Lexical Chunks: The Key Word “Deposit”

--7.1 Discussion

-7.2 Sentence Patterns on Expressing Purposes

--7.2 Sentence Patterns on How to Express Purposes

-7.3 Zooming in Expository Texts

--7.3 Reading and Scaffolding Expository Texts

-7.4 Spend Less? Earn More? Which Is the Better Path?

--7.4 Spend Less? Earn More? Which Is the Better Path?

-7.5 Chinese Seal

--7.5 Chinese Seal

--7.5 Discussion

-Test 07

08 SPACE IS THE PLACE

-8.1 Lexical Chunks for Space Exploration

--8.1 Lexical Chunks for Space Exploration

--8.1 Discussion

-8.2 Sentence Pattern: There be

--8.2 Sentence Pattern: There be

-8.3 Superordinate and Subordinate in Writing

--8.3 Superordinate and Subordinate in Writing

-8.4 Critical Thinking: Why Do We Explore Space?

--8.4 Critical Thinking: Why Do We Explore Space?

-8.5 Chinese Era

--8.5 Chinese Era

--8.5 Discussion

-Test 08

09 POPULATION AND IMMIGRATION

-9.1 Lexical Chunks for Immigration

--9.1 Lexical Chunks for Immigration

-9.2 Sentence Logic: Negation

--9.2 Sentence Logic: Negation

-9.3 Exemplification in Writing

--9.3 Exemplification in Writing

-9.4 Critical Thinking: Pros and Cons of Multiculturalism

--9.4 Critical Thinking: Pros and Cons of Multiculturalism

--9.4 Discussion

-9.5 Chinese Silk

--9.5 Chinese Silk

--9.5 Discussion

-Test 09

10 DISASTERS

-10.1 Lexical Chunks for Disasters

--10.1 Lexical Chunks for Disasters

-10.2 Sentence Writing: Inanimate Subject

--10.2 Sentence Writing: Inanimate Subject

-10.3 Essay Writing: A Drawing Opening

--10.3 Essay Writing: A Drawing Opening

-10.4 Critical Thinking: Humanity Vs Nature

--10.4 Critical Thinking: Humanity Vs Nature

--10.4 Discussion

-10.5 Chinese Classical Garden

--10.5 Chinese Classical Garden

--10.5 Discussion

-Test 10

11 A CAMPUS OF READERS

-11.0 Introduction: Reading habits

--11.0 Introduction: Reading habits

--11.0 Discussion

-11.1 Lexical Chunks for Favorite Readings

--11.1 Lexical Chunks for Favorite Readings

-11.2 Sentence Patterns for Sharing Reading Experience

--11.2 Sentence Patterns for Sharing Reading Experience

-11.3 From Assumption to Opinion in Essay Writing

--11.3 From Assumption to Opinion in Essay Writing

-11.4 Appreciation of “On Studies” by Francis Bacon

--11.4 Appreciation of “On Studies” by Francis Bacon

-11.5 Four Treasures of the Study

--11.5 Four Treasures of the Study

--11.5 Discussion

-Test 11

12 ALL TALK

-12.1 Lexical Chunks for Paraphrasing Advantages & Disadvantages

--12.1 Lexical Chunks for Paraphrasing Advantages & Disadvantages

-12.2 Sentence Patterns for Agreement & Disagreement

--12.2 Sentence Patterns for Agreement & Disagreement

-12.3 Presenting Different Ideas in Essay Writing

--12.3 Presenting Different Ideas in Essay Writing

-12.4 Debating: Lingua Franca--Beneficial or Detrimental?

--12.4 Debating: Lingua Franca--Beneficial or Detrimental?

--12.4 Discussion

-12.5 Chinese Antithetical Couplets

--12.5 Chinese Antithetical Couplets

--12.5 Discussion

-Test 12

13 THE SPIRIT OF COMPETITION

-13.0 Introduction: Unforgettable Events

--13.0 Introduction: Unforgettable Events

-13.1 Lexical Learning by Analyzing Prefix and Suffix

--13.1 Lexical Learning by Analyzing Prefix and Suffix

-13.2 Sentence Patterns for Describing Unforgettable Events

--13.2 Sentence Patterns for Describing Unforgettable Events

--13.2 Discussion

-13.3 Flashback in Story Writing

--13.3 Flashback When Writing a Story

-13.4 Interpreting Competitive Culture

--13.4 Interpreting Competitive Culture

-13.5 Chinese Weiqi

--13.5 Chinese Weiqi

--13.5 Discussion

-Test 13

14 FUN MATTERS

-14.1 How do you feel about extreme sports? List your reasons.

--14.1 Lexical Chunks for Extreme Sports

-14.2 How to Use Parallelism

--14.2 How to Use Parallelism

-14.3 How to Write a Concluding Paragraph

--14.3 How to Write a Concluding Paragraph

-14.4 Taking Risks

-14.5 Peking Opera

-Test 14

15 GENES AND PERSONALITY

-15.1 Lexical Chunks for the Relationship between Happiness and Happiness Genes

--15.1 Lexical Chunks for the Relationship between Happiness and Happiness Genes

-15.2 How to Expand the Basic Sentence with Participles and Participle Phrases

--15.2 How to Expand the Basic Sentence with Participles and Participle Phrases

-15.3 Comparison and Contrast

--15.3 Comparison and Contrast

-15.4 The Road to Happiness

--15.4 The Road to Happiness

--15.4 Discussion

-15.5 Chinese Taoism

--15.5 Chinese Taoism

--15.5 Discussion

-Test 15

16 DIFFERENCES IN COMMUNICATION

-16.1 Lexical Chunks for the Linguistic Difference between Men and Women

--16.1 Lexical Chunks for the Linguistic Difference between Men and Women

-16.2 How to Vary Sentences by Using Adverb Modifiers

--16.2 How to Vary Sentences by Using Adverb Modifiers

-16.3 How to Write an Introductory Paragraph

--16.3 How to Write an Introductory Paragraph

-16.4 How to Avoid Misunderstanding between Men and Women

--16.4 How to Avoid Misunderstanding between Men and Women

--16.4 Discussion

-16.5 Chinese Idioms

--16.5 Chinese Idioms

--16.5 Discussion

-Test 16

期末考试

-Final Test

15.3 Comparison and Contrast在线视频

15.3 Comparison and Contrast课程教案、知识点、字幕