Myocardial Diseases (1)慕课视频播放-Medical Nursing-MOOC慕课视频教程-柠檬大学

当前课程知识点：Medical Nursing > Unit 5 Care of Patients with Cardiovascular System Diseases (Part Two) > Chapter 6 Care of Patients with Myocardial Diseases > Myocardial Diseases (1)

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Myocardial Diseases (1)课程教案、知识点、字幕

大家好
Hi! Everybody!

这一讲
In this section,

我们开始学习心肌疾病
we will learn about cardiomyopathies.

首先需要弄清楚三个概念
Let’s first talk about the three concepts.

心肌疾病是指
First, cardiomyopathy refers to a group of diseases

除心脏瓣膜病冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病
with myocardial lesions as the main manifestation,

高血压性心脏病肺源性心脏病
except for diseases such as heart valve diseases,

和先天性心血管疾病等
coronary artery diseases, hypertensive heart diseases,

这些疾病以外的
pulmonary heart diseases,

以心肌病变为主要表现的一组疾病
and congenital cardiovascular diseases.

包括心肌病心肌炎
It includes cardiomyopathy and myocarditis.

心肌病是指
Second, cardiomyopathy refers to

伴有心功能障碍的原因不明的
myocardial disease with cardiac dysfunction

心肌疾病
due to unknown causes.

心肌炎是由病原微生物感染或物理化学因素引起的
Third, myocarditis is an inflammation of myocardium

以心肌细胞坏死和间质炎性细胞浸润
caused by infection, physical or chemical factors,

为主要表现的
with myocardial cell necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration

心肌炎症性疾病
as the main manifestation.

心肌病与心肌炎既有区别又有联系
Cardiomyopathy and myocarditis are different but connected.

区别
Differences:

①心肌病指
①Cardiomyopathy refers to

各种病因累及心脏
hypertrophy, degeneration or necrosis of the myocardium,

使心肌肥大变性或坏死
connective tissue hyperplasia, and interstitial fibrosis

结缔组织增生间质纤维化等
caused by various causes involving the heart,

但无炎性改变
but there is no inflammatory change;

而心肌炎是由病毒感染所致的
While myocarditis is caused by an acute or chronic,

心肌急性或慢性
localized or diffuse inflammatory lesion

局限性及弥漫性炎症病变
of the myocardium due to viral infection.

②心肌炎可以治愈
Second, myocarditis can be cured.

而心肌病难以逆转
But cardiomyopathy is hard to reverse.

联系
Connection:

心肌炎可发展成为心肌病
Myocarditis can develop into cardiomyopathy.

例如
For example,

病毒性心肌炎经过长期的心肌炎症反应
viral myocarditis can evolve into dilated cardiomyopathy

会演变为扩张型心肌病
after a long period of myocardial inflammation.

心肌病有多种类型
There are many types of cardiomyopathy,

包括扩张型心肌病
including dilated cardiomyopathy,

肥厚型心肌病
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy,

限制型心肌病
restrictive cardiomyopathy,

致心律失常型右室心肌病
and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy.

我们主要学习其中的两个
We will focus on two of them,

即扩张型心肌病与肥厚型心肌病
dilated cardiomyopathy and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

扩张型心肌病 dilated cardiomyopathy DCM
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a type of cardiomyopathy

是一类以左心室或双心室扩大
characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy

伴收缩功能障碍
or concurrent hypertrophy of both ventricles

为主要病理特征的疾病
with systolic dysfunction.

常并发心力衰竭
It is often complicated with heart failure

心律失常
and cardiac arrhythmia.

病死率高
The mortality rate is high,

年死亡率达百分之二十五至百分之四十五
with an annual mortality of 25%... 45%

猝死发生率百分之三十
and sudden death rate of 30%.

导致扩心病的病因
Although the etiology of cardiomyopathy

虽然尚未彻底明了
has not been fully understood,

但近十余年来的研究证实
research in the past decade has confirmed that

大多数扩张性心肌病的发生
most dilated cardiomyopathy is related to

与持续性病毒感染和自身免疫反应有关
persistent viral infections and autoimmune reactions.

百分之七至百分之二十的扩张性心肌病病例
7%... 20% of dilated cardiomyopathy

与家族遗传有关
is related to family inheritance.

那么扩张型心肌病的临床表现
So what are the clinical manifestations

是怎样的呢
of dilated cardiomyopathy?

首先我们来看看症状
First, let’s look at the symptoms.

本病起病隐匿
The onset of the disease is insidious

病程可分为
and the course of the disease

三个阶段
can be divided into three stages.

第一阶段无症状期
First stage: asymptomatic period:

早期可无症状
In the early stage, it has no obvious symptoms.

体检可正常
Physical examination shows no abnormalities.

第二阶段有症状期
Second stage: symptomatic period:

主要是活动时
Symptoms include

有呼吸困难和运动耐量下降
dyspnea and decreased exercise capacity during activity,

有极度疲乏气促
extreme fatigue, shortness of breath,

心悸等
palpitations and so on.

第三个阶段病情晚期
Third stage: end stage:

食欲下降
Clinical manifestations of congestive heart failure,

腹胀及下肢水肿等
such as decreased appetite, abdominal distension,

充血性心力衰竭表现
and lower extremity edema.

病程长短不一
And the course of the disease varies.

有的可长达十余年
Some patients can survive for more than ten years,

有的则短期内死亡
while others die in a short time.

多数患者合并心律失常
Most patients are complicated with cardiac arrhythmia,

部分病人可发生栓塞或猝死
and some may develop embolism or sudden death.

接下来看看这个疾病的体征
Next, let’s turn to the signs.

主要体征是心界扩大
The main signs are cardiac enlargement,

听诊心音减弱奔马律
weakened heart sounds on auscultation and gallop rhythm,

心尖部闻及收缩期杂音
systolic murmurs at the apex of the heart,

肺循环和体循环淤血
and signs of pulmonary circulation

的体征
and systemic circulation congestion,

如发绀水肿肝脏肿大
such as cyanosis, edema, hepatomegaly,

肝颈静脉回流征阳性等
and positive hepatojugular reflux sign.

哪些辅助检查
Which ancillary examinations

有利于本病的诊断
are helpful for the diagnosis of this disease?

1 X线检查
First, X-ray:

心影明显增大
a markedly enlarged cardiac silhouette,

心胸比大于百分之五十
cardiothoracic ratio > 50%,

或出现肺淤血征
or pulmonary congestion sign.

2 心电图
Second, Electrocardiogram:

缺乏诊断特异性
lack of diagnostic specificity.

可出现ST段压低
There may be ST-segment depression,

和T波倒置
inverted T wave,

有的出现病理性Q波
and some may show pathological Q wave.

出现各类期前收缩
Various types of premature contractions,

非持续性室速
non-sustained ventricular tachycardia,

房颤
and atrial fibrillation can also occur.

3 超声心动图
Third, Echocardiography:

是诊断和评估DCM
it is the most commonly used test

最常用的检查手段
to diagnose and evaluate DCM.

表现为心腔增大
The record shows an enlarged heart chambers,

以左心室扩大显著
with a significant enlargement of the left ventricle;

室壁运动减弱
The motion of ventricular wall is weakened,

左室射血分数 LVEF
and Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF)

明显降低
is significantly reduced.

二尖瓣三尖瓣反流
Mitral and tricuspid valve regurgitation and

左心室心尖部附壁血栓等
left ventricular mural thrombus at the apex also occur.

4 其他
Others:

心脏磁共振对于
cardiac MRI is of great value

心肌病诊断及预后评估有很高的价值
in the diagnosis and prognosis assessment of cardiomyopathy.

此外心肌核素显像
Besides, myocardial radionuclide imaging,

心内膜心肌活检心导管检查
endomyocardial biopsy, cardiac catheterization,

和心血管造影等
and cardiovascular angiography

均有助于诊断和鉴别诊断
are helpful for diagnosis and differential diagnosis.

说了这么多我们如何来诊断这个疾病呢
So, how to diagnose dilated cardiomyopathy?

诊断要点
The diagnostic points:

由于本病缺乏
Due to the lack of

特异性诊断指标
specific diagnostic indicators of the disease,

如果临床上病人出现心脏增大
if the test shows cardiac enlargement

心律失常
and the patient experiences cardiac arrhythmia

和充血性心力衰竭时
and congestive heart failure,

如超声心动图证实有
when echocardiography confirms

心腔扩大
the enlargement of the heart chamber

与心脏弥漫性搏动减弱
and the diffuse weakening of the heart beating,

即应考虑有本病的可能
the possibility of this disease should be considered.

但应先排除
But a variety of structural heart disease

各种病因明确的
with a clear cause should be ruled out

器质性心脏病
before making the diagnosis,

如急性病毒性心肌炎
such as acute viral myocarditis,

风湿性心脏病
rheumatic heart disease,

冠心病
coronary heart disease,

先天性心血管病
congenital cardiovascular diseases

或各种继发性心肌病等疾病后才可确立诊断
and a variety of secondary cardiomyopathy.

扩张性心肌病的
What are the key points for

治疗要点
the treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy?

1 病因治疗
First, etiological treatment:

控制感染
infection control,

严格限酒或戒酒
strict restriction or withdrawal of alcohol,

改变不良生活方式
change of bad lifestyle,

免疫学治疗基因治疗等
immunological treatment, gene therapy, etc.

2 防治心力衰竭
Second, prevention and treatment of heart failure:

早期药物干预治疗
early drug intervention with

β受体阻滞剂 ACEI
B-receptor blocker and ACEI,

减少心肌损伤
to reduce myocardial injury

延缓病情
and delay the progression of the disease.

但本病较易发生洋地黄中毒
However, since digitalis poisoning is likely to happen,

应慎用洋地黄
digitalis should be used with caution.

3 预防栓塞
Third, prevention of embolism:

栓塞是扩心病的
embolism is a common complication

常见并发症
of dilated cardiomyopathy.

有血栓形成风险且无禁忌证者
For patients with risk of thrombosis and no contraindication,

口服阿司匹林
oral administration of aspirin

预防附壁血栓
can prevent mural thrombus.

对已有附壁血栓形成或发生血栓者
For patients who already have mural thrombus or thrombus,

需长期口服华法林
long-term oral administration of warfarin

进行抗凝治疗
for anticoagulation is required.

4 预防猝死
Fourth, prevention of sudden death:

有针对性地选择抗心律失常药物
select antiarrhythmic drugs in a targeted manner,

如胺碘酮
such as amiodarone.

另外
Also,

需控制诱发室性心律失常
reversible factors that induce ventricular arrhythmia

的可逆因素
need to be controlled:

纠正低钾低镁血症
Treat hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia;

改善神经激素功能的紊乱
ACEI and β-receptor blockers can be used

可选用ACEI和β受体阻滞剂
to treat the neurohormonal dysfunction;

改善心肌代谢
Coenzyme Q10 can be used

可用辅酶Q10
to improve myocardial metabolism.

严重心律失常
For severe arrhythmias

药物不能控制者
that cannot be controlled with antiarrhythmic drugs,

考虑植入
consider implanting an

心脏复律除颤器（ICD）
implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD).

5 中医中药治疗
Fifth, traditional Chinese medicine treatment:

生脉黄芪等中药
Shengmai, Astragalus and other traditional Chinese medicines

对改善症状和预后
have certain effects on

有一定的作用
relieving symptoms and improving prognosis.

这一讲
In this section,

我们主要学习了心肌病的相关概念
we mainly learned the related concepts of cardiomyopathy

以及扩张性心肌病
and dilated cardiomyopathy,

重点是掌握扩心病的临床表现
with the emphasis on mastering the clinical manifestations

及诊治要点
and diagnosis and treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy.

下一讲
We' ll continue to learn about cardiomyopathy

将继续学习心肌病
in the next section.

谢谢大家
Thank you!

Medical Nursing课程列表：

Unit 1 Care of Patients with Respiratory System Diseases (Part One)

-Introduction to Medical Nursing

--Introduction to Medical Nursing

-Chapter 1 Overview of Respiratory System Diseases

--Overview of Respiratory System Diseases

-Chapter 2 Care of Patients with Pneumonia

--Overview of pneumonia

--Streptococcal Pneumonia

--Other types of pneumonia

--The quality and color of sputum

--Care of Patients with Pneumonia

-Chapter 3 Care of Patients with Lung Abscess

--Introduction of lung abscess

--Treatment and nursing of lung abscess

--Treatment and care of nursing abscess

--Care of Patients with Lung Abscess

-Chapter 4 Care of Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis

--Etiology and pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis

--Clinical manifestation of pulmonary tuberculosis (I)

--Clinical manifestation of pulmonary tuberculosis (II)

--Treatment and nursing of pulmonary tuberculosis

--Care of Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Unit 2 Care of Patients with Respiratory System Diseases (Part Two)

-Chapter 5 Care of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

--Care of patients with chronic bronchitis

--Introduction of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

--Care of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

--Oxygen

--Care of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

-Chapter 6 Care of Patients with Bronchial Asthma

--Etiology and pathogenesis of bronchial asthma

--Clinical manifestation of bronchial asthma

--Treatment and nursing of bronchial asthma

--Care of Patients with Bronchial Asthma

-Chapter 7 Care of Patients with Chronic Pulmonary Heart Disease

--Etiology and pathogenesis of chronic pulmonary heart disease

--Treatment and nursing of chronic pulmonary heart disease

--Care of Patients with Chronic Pulmonary Heart Disease

Unit 3 Care of Patients with Respiratory System Diseases (Part Three)

-Chapter 8 Care of Patients with Primary Bronchogenic Carcinoma

--Etiology and pathogenesis of primary bronchogenic carcinoma

--Clinical manifestation and auxiliary examination

--Treatment and nursing of primary bronchogenic carcinoma

--Care of Patients with Primary Bronchogenic Carcinoma

-Chapter 9 Care of Patients with Pleural Effusion

--Etiology, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations

--Treatment and nursing of pleural effusion

--Determination of the nature of pleural effusion

--Care of Patients with Pleural Effusion

-Chapter 10 Care of Patients with Respiratory Failure and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

--Etiology and pathogenesis of respiratory failure

--Treatment and nursing of respiratory failure patients

--Care of Patients with Respiratory Failure

--Introduction of acute respiratory distress syndrome

--Treatment and nursing of acute respiratory distress syndrome

--Care of Patients with Respiratory Failure

--Care of Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

-Unit Test: Respiratory System

-Unit Assignment: Respiratory System

Unit 4 Care of Patients with Cardiovascular System Diseases (Part One)

-Chapter 1 Care of Patients with Cardiovascular System Diseases

--Overview of Cardiovascular System

-Chapter 2 Care of Patients with Heart Failure

--Overview of heart failure

--Chronic heart failure (1)

--Chronic heart failure (2)

--Acute heart failure

--Heart Failure

-Chapter 3 Care of Patients with Arrhythmia

--Overview of arrhythmia

--Sick sinus syndrome

--Supraventricular tachycardia

--Atrial fibrillation

--Ventricular tachycardia

--Atrioventricular block

--Nursing care of patients with arrhythmia

--Cardiac arrhythmia

Unit 5 Care of Patients with Cardiovascular System Diseases (Part Two)

-Chapter 4 Care of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

--Overview of coronary heart disease

--Stable angina pectoris

--Unstable angina pectoris

--Acute myocardial infarction (1)

--Acute myocardial infarction (2)

--Acute myocardial infarction (3)

--Coronary Artery Disease

--Difference between angina pectoris and myocardial infarction

-Chapter 5 Care of Patients with Hypertension

--Primary hypertension (1)

--Primary hypertension (2)

--Primary hypertension

--Safe nursing for patients with hypertension

-Chapter 6 Care of Patients with Myocardial Diseases

--Myocardial Diseases (1)

--Myocardial Diseases (2)

--Myocardial Diseases (3)

--Myocardial Diseases

-Unit Assignment: Cardiovascular System

Unit 6 Care of Patients with Digestive System Diseases

-Chapter 1 Overview of Digestive System

--Overview of digestive system(I)

--Overview of digestive system(II)

--Overview of Digestive System

-Chapter 2 Care of Patients with Peptic Ulcer

--Etiology and clinical manifestation of peptic ulcer

--Etiology and clinical manifestation of peptic ulce

--Treatment and nursing of peptic ulcer

--Recurrence of peptic ulcer

--Care of Patients with Peptic Ulcer

-Chapter 3 Care of Patients with Hepatic Cirrhosis

--Etiology and clinical manifestation of hepatic cirrhosis

--Etiology and clinical manifestation of hepatic cir

--Treatment and nursing of hepatic cirrhosis

--Cirrhosis

--Care of Patients with Hepatic Cirrhosis

-Chapter 4 Care of Patients with Hepatic Encephalopathy

--Etiology and pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy

--Etiology and pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopath

--Clinical manifestation,treatment and nursing of hepatic encephalopathy

--Clinical manifestation,treatment and nursing of he

-- Care of Patients with Hepatic Encephalopathy

-Chapter 5 Care of Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage

--Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage(I)

--Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage(II)

--Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage(Ⅲ)

--Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage

--Care of Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage

-Unit Test: Digestive System

-Unit Assignment: Digestive System

Unit 7 Care of Patients with Urinary System Diseases

-Chapter 1 Overview of Urinary System

--Overview of Urinary System

-Chapter 2 Care of Patients with Glomerular Diseases

--Care of Patients with Glomerular Diseases

--Acute Glomerulonephritis

-- Acute Glomerulonephritis

-- Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis

--Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis

--Chronic Glomerulonephritis

-Chapter 3 Care of Patients with Nephrotic Syndrome

--Nephrotic Syndrome

Unit 8 Care of Patients with Urinary System Diseases

-Chapter 4 Care of Patients with Urinary Tract Infection

--Care of Patients with Urinary Tract Infection

-Chapter 5 Care of Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

--Care of Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

--Unit Assignment: Urinary System

-Chapter 6 Care of Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

--Care of Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Unit 9 Care of Patients with Hematologic and Hemopoietic System Diseases (Part One)

-Chapter 1 Overview of Hematologic System

--Overview of hemopoietic system diseases (I)

--Overview of hemopoietic system diseases (II)

--Overview of hemopoietic system diseases (I)

--Overview of hemopoietic system diseases (II)

-Chapter 2 Overview of Anemia

--Overview of Anemia

-Chapter 3 Care of Patients with Iron Deficiency Anemia

--Overview,etiology and pathogenesis,clinical manifestation,auxiliary examination and diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia

--Treatment and nursing of iron deficiency anemia

--Nutrition and Anemia

--Iron Deficiency Anemia (I)

--Iron Deficiency Anemia(II)

-Chapter 4 Care of Patients with Aplastic Anemia

--Definition, etiology,clinical manifestation,auxiliary examination and diagnosis of aplastic anemia

--Treatment and nursing of aplastic anemia

--Pancytopenia

--Care of Patients with Aplastic Anemia

-Chapter 5 Care of Patients with Hemolytic Anemia

--Nursing of patients with hemolytic anemia

--Care of Patients with Hemolytic Anemia

Unit 10 Care of Patients with Hematologic and Hemopoietic System Diseases (Part Two)

-Chapter 6 Care of Patients with Hemorrhagic Diseases

--Overview of hemorrhagic diseases

--Nursing of patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

--Nursing of patients with anaphylactoid purpura

--Overview of hemorrhagic diseases

--Nursing of patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

--Nursing of patients with anaphylactoid purpura

-Chapter 7 Care of Patients with Leukemia

--Definition, etiology and classification of leukemia

--Definition and clinical manifestation of acute leukemia

--Auxiliary examination of acute leukemia

--Nursing of acute leukemia(I)

--Nursing of acute leukemia(II)

--Nursing of acute leukemia

--Definition ,clinical manifestation and auxiliary examination of chronic myeloid leukemia

--Treatment and nursing ofchronic myeloid leukemia

--Bone Pain

--Care of Patients with Leukemia

-Chapter 8 Care of Patients with Lymphoma

--Definition ,clinical manifestation, auxiliary examination,treatment and nursing of lymphoma

--Superficial Lymphadenopathy

--Care of Patients with Lymphoma

-Unit Test: Hematologic System

-Unit Assignment: Hematologic System

Unit11 Care of Patients with Endocrine System Diseases and Metabolic Disorders

-Chapter1 Overview of Endocrine ystem

--Overview of Endocrine System

-Chapter2 Care of Patients with Hypercortisolism

--Care of Patients with Hypercortisolism 1

--Care of Patients with Hypercortisolism 2

--Care of Patients with Hypercortisolism2

--Care of Patients with Hypercortisolism

-Chapter3 Care of Patients with Hyperthyroidism

--Care of Patients with Hyperthyroidism 1

--Care of Patients with Hyperthyroidism 2

--Care of Patients with Hyperthyroidism

-Chapter4 Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

--Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus1

--Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus 1

--Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus2

--Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus 2

--Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus 3

--Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus 4

--Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus 5

--Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

-Unit Review: Endocrine System

--Unit Assignment: Endocrine System

--Unit Test: Endocrine System

Unit 12 Care of Patients with Infectious Diseases (Part One)

-Chapter 1 Overview of Infectious Diseases

--Overview of Infectious Diseases 1

--Overview of Infectious Diseases 2

--Overview of Infectious Diseases

-Chapter 2 Care of Patients with Viral Hepatitis

--Care of Patients with Viral Hepatitis 1

--Care of Patients with Viral Hepatitis 2

--Care of Patients with Viral Hepatitis 3

--Care of Patients with Viral Hepatitis 4

--Care of Patients with Viral Hepatitis

-Chapter 3 Care of Patients with Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome

--Care of Patients with Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome 1

--Care of Patients with Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome 2

-Chapter 4 Care of Patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

--Care of Patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome 1

--Care of Patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome 2

-Chapter 5 Care of Patients with Rabies

--Care of Patients with Rabies 1

--Care of Patients with Rabies 2

--Care of Patients with Rabies

Unit 13 Care of Patients with Infectious Diseases (Part Two)

-Chapter 6 Care of Patients with Epidemic Encephalitis B

--Care of Patients with Epidemic Encephalitis B 1

--Care of Patients with Epidemic Encephalitis B 2

--Care of Patients with Epidemic Encephalitis B

-Chapter 7 Care of Patients with Epidemic Cerebrospinal Meningitis

--Care of Patients with Epidemic Cerebrospinal Meningitis 1

--Care of Patients with Epidemic Cerebrospinal Meningitis 2

--Care of Patients with Epidemic Cerebrospinal Meningitis

-Chapter 8 Care of Patients with Cholera

--Care of Patients with Cholera

--Care for patients with cholera

-Chapter 9 Care of Patients with Bacillary Dysentery

--Care of Patients with Bacillary Dysentery

-Chapter 10 Care of Patients with Schistosomiasis

--Care of Patients with Schistosomiasis 1

--Care of Patients with Schistosomiasis 2

--Care for patients with schistosome

-Chapter 11 Care of Patients with COVID-19

--Care of Patients with COVID-19

-Chapter 12 Psychological Coping Modes to the Epidemic of COVID-19

--Psychological Coping Modes to the Epidemic of COVID-19

-Unit Test: Infectious Diseases

--Unit Test: infective disease

-Unit Assignment: Infectious Diseases

--Unit Assignment: Infectious Diseases

Unit 14 Care of Patients with Nervous System Diseases (Part One)

-Chapter 1 Overview of Nervous System Diseases

--Overview of Nervous System Diseases(I)

--Overview of Nervous System Diseases（I)

--Overview of Nervous System Diseases（II)

--Overview of Nervous System Diseases(II)

--Overview of Nervous System Diseases（II)

-Chapter 2 Care of Patients with Facial Neuritis

--Care of Patients with Facial Neuritis

-Chapter 3 Care of Patients with Cerebrovascular Diseases (Episode 1)

--Overview of Cerebral Vascular Diseases (I)

--Overview of Cerebral Vascular Diseases(II)

--Intracerebral Hemorrhage(I)

--Intracerebral Hemorrhage(II)

Unit 15 Care of Patients with Nervous System Diseases (Part Two)

-Chapter 4 Care of Patients with Cerebrovascular Diseases (Episode 2)

--Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

--Transient Ischemic Attack

--Cerebral Thrombosis(I)

--Cerebral Thrombosis(II)

-Chapter 5 Care of Patients with Epilepsy

--Care of Patients with Epilepsy（I)

--Care of Patients with Epilepsy(II)

--Care of Patients with Epilepsy

-Chapter 6 Care of Patients with Parkinson Disease

--Care of Patients with Parkinson Disease(I)

--Care of Patients with Parkinson Disease(II)

--Care of Patients with Parkinson Disease

-Unit Assignment: Nervous System

--Unit Assignment: Nervous System