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Microlecture:How Symbolism Are Used in Strings of Life课程教案、知识点、字幕

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象征手法在史铁生“命若琴弦”中的运用

借用某种具体形象的事物

暗示特定的人物或事理

以表达真挚的感情和深刻的寓意

这种艺术表现手法叫象征

象征一般都用来表现

某种抽象的概念或思想感情

也就是说

它是通过某一具体形象

表现出一种更为深远的含意

让读者自己去意会

从而让读者获得美的享受

这是一种隐晦 含蓄

而又能使读者体会愉悦的美感的技巧

《命若琴弦》作为史铁生最重要的一部短篇小说

情节很简单 语言也很朴素

作者巧妙地

用象征手法将哲学思考与故事相结合

在平静的叙述下蕴含深沉的人生感悟

具有耐人寻味的艺术效果

《命若琴弦》中对象征手法的使用表现在多处

首先是那张寄寓了老瞎子无限期望的药方

竟然是一张白纸

而老瞎子在明知药方的事纯属谎言的之后

仍然用一个虚妄的目标去欺骗自己的徒弟

相信在读到这里的时候

很多读者都会愕然叹息

对老瞎子和小瞎子的悲惨命运

产生深切的怜悯之情

当看到老瞎子用一个虚幻的谎言

激励小瞎子鼓起勇气面对生活的时候

相信我们都能够理解老瞎子

悲凉心境之下的无奈之举

如果我们每个人稍微再深入一点思考

就不难体会到其象征意义

人生就是这样荒诞的 本无什么价值和意义

命运也没有什么道理可讲 而且无可更改

追求不会有意义 奋斗不会有结果

而老瞎子明知重见光明无望

挣扎下去没有意义

却仍然要挣扎着坚持做下去

这样的人生便具有了一种悲剧性的价值和意义

老瞎子在史铁生的心目中

应该是整个人类的象征

人生本是荒诞和无意义的

但人却不能忍受没有意义的人生

为了生存

人必须树立一个目标或怀有一个希望

没有这样的一个目标 人的精神就会崩溃

生命无以为继

明白了毫无意义却仍然为无意义的目标

作不懈的努力和奋斗

这是人生最大最深刻的一个荒诞

其次 小说的开头

莽莽苍苍的群山之中走着两个瞎子

一老一小 一前一后

两顶发了黑的草帽起伏躜动 匆匆忙忙

像是随着一条不安静的河水在漂流

无所谓从哪儿来 也无所谓到哪儿去

每人带一把三弦琴 说书为生

和小说的结尾

莽莽苍苍的群山之中走着两个瞎子

一老一小 一前一后

两顶发了黑的草帽起伏躜动 匆匆忙忙

像是随着一条不安静的河水在漂流

无所谓从哪儿来 到哪儿去

也无所谓谁是谁

开头和结尾后照应 象征意义更为明显

使小说弥漫着一种宿命的味道

人生也许就是一个圆

就是这样周而复始地接受命运的拷问

象征意义使文章穿透力极强

哲理性与思考性也在字里行间中

不知不觉地浮现

还有小说情节的循环

老瞎子回忆自己师傅的时候说

他本来能弹上一千根 可他记成了八百

要不然他就能弹断一千根

和下面这段话

是一千二我没弹够 我记成了一千

两段话相互映衬

从而弥散出一种悲凉与无奈

不禁让人流下同情的泪水

也深深体会到老瞎子的良苦用心

同时也紧扣主题 命若琴弦

总的来说

《命若琴弦》通过象征手法的运用

为我们带来了对人生 对生命 对命运的思考

象征的表现手法不仅耐人寻味

使人获得意境无穷的感觉

而且简练 形象

能以深入浅出的方式寄托深远的意蕴

同时又能让读者

体味到文章语言的深刻与美好

感谢您观看本节微课 再见

Chinese Literature课程列表:

德行天下/Morality

-单元导学/Unit Guidance

--Microlecture:Staying Upright and Practicing Morality All over the World

-Recommended Reading

--Literature Appreciation:孔子论仁五则/Confucian Thought on Ren

--About the Writer:孔子/Confucius

--Literature Appreciation:老子二章/Two Chapters of Lao Zi

--About the Writer:老子/Lao Zi

--Literature Appreciation:橘颂/Ode to the Orange

--About the Writer:屈原/Qu Yuan

--Literature Appreciation:诫子书/Son of the Commandment

--About the Writer:诸葛亮/Zhuge Liang

-第一讲 孔子论仁五则/Confucian Thought on Ren

--PPT

--Microlecture:Adorable Confucius

--Microlecture:Confucius Teaches You "Ren "

--Microlecture:Respect and Tolerance, Making the World a Better Place

--Microlecture Test

--Extended Resource (Documentary):BBC's Introduction to Confucius

--Extended Resource (Movie):Confucius' Views on the Relationship Between Humaneness and Ritual

-第二讲 老子二章/Two Chapters of Lao Zi

--PPT

--Microlecture:Water in the Eyes of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism

--Microlecture:The Goodness of the World is as Good as Water

--Microlecture Test

--Extended Resource (Movie):Laozi Went out of Hangu Pass

--Extended Resource (Movie):Confucius Talked About "Tao" with Laozi

-单元讨论/Unit Discussion

-单元作业/Unit Assignment

家国故里/Country

-单元导学/Unit Guidance

--Microlecture:Where is the Hometown at Dusk?

-推荐阅读/Recommended Reading

--Literature Appreciation:八声甘州/Eight Beats of Ganzhou Song by Liu Yong

--About the Writer:柳永/Liu Yong

--Literature Appreciation:满江红·登黄鹤楼有感/The River All Red · Meditations on the Yellow Crane Tower

--About the Writer:岳飞/Yue Fei

--Literature Appreciation:秋兴八首·其一/Eight Octaves on Autumnal Musings

--About the Writer:杜甫/Du Fu

--Literature Appreciation:病起书怀/Sick Book

--About the writer:陆游/ Lu You

--Literature Appreciation:雪落在中国的土地上/Snow Falls on China’s Land

--About the Writer:艾青/Ai Qing

-第一讲 八声甘州/Eight Beats of Ganzhou Song by Liu Yong

--PPT

--Microlecture:The Nostalgia of Eight Beats of Ganzhou Song

--Microlecture Test

--Extended Resource(Recitation): Eight Beats of Ganzhou Song

-第二讲 满江红·登黄鹤楼有感/The River All Red · Meditations on the Yellow Crane Tower

--PPT

--Microlecture:The Top-notch and Famous Tower, Yellow Crane Tower

--Microlecture:The “War” in the General Yue Fei’s Poetry

--Microlecture Test

--Extended Resource(Beijing Opera):The Whole River Red

-单元讨论/Unit Discussion

-单元作业/Unit Assignment

生命之歌/Life

-单元导学/Unit Guidance

--Microlecture:Playing the Song of Life

-推荐阅读/Recommended Reading

--Literature Appreciation:春夜宴诸从弟桃李园序/Preface to Feast on Spring Night in Peach & Plum Garden

--About the Writer:李白/Li Bai

--Literature Appreciation:八声甘州·寄参寥子/ Eight Beats of Ganzhou Song for a Buddhist Friend

--About the Writer: 苏轼/Su Shi

--Literature Appreciation:渐/Gradualness

--About the Writer:丰子恺/Zikai Feng

--Literature Appreciation:我喜欢出发/I like to start

--About the Writer:汪国真/Wang Guozhen

--Literature Appreciation:谈生命/On Life

--About the writer:冰心/Bing Xin

-第一讲 春夜宴诸从弟桃李园序/Preface to Feast on Spring Night in Peach & Plum Garden

--PPT

--Microlecture:A Dream Reture to the Tang Dynasty

--Microlecture:The Vigorous Poet Libai

--Microlecture:The Beautiful Rhythm of Preface to Feast on Spring Night in Peach & Plum Garden

--Microlecture Test

--Extended Resource:(Song)Li Bai

-第二讲 八声甘州·寄参廖子/Eight Beats of Ganzhou Song For a Buddhist Friend

--PPT

--Microlecture:Su Shi's Reform of the Traditional Style of Song Ci

--Microlecture:Su Shi's friends

--Microlecture:Gourmet Su Dongpo

--Microlecture Test

--Extended Resource:(Calligraphy) Eight Beats of Ganzhou Song for a Buddhist Friend

-单元讨论/Unit Discussion

-单元作业/Unit Assignment

守望理想/Ideals

-单元导学/Unit Guidance

--Microlecture:The Ideal is Always Accompanied with Youthfulness

-推荐阅读/Recommended Reading

--Literature Appreciation:白马篇/Song of the White Horse

--About the Writer: 曹植/Cao Zhi

--Literature Appreciation:命若琴弦/Strings of Life

--About the Writer:史铁生/ Shi Tiesheng

--Literature Appreciation:相信未来/Believe in the Future

--About the Writer:食指/Index Finger

--Literature Appreciation:报任安书/The translation of Ren an's book

--About the Writer:司马迁/Sima Qian

-第一讲 白马篇/Song of the White Horse

--PPT

--Microlecture:The Artistic Style of Song of the White Horse

--Microlecture:A Brave Youth ——An Analysis of the Character in Song of White Horse

--Microlecture:Cao Zhi's Guiding Effect on the Aesthetics of Knight-errant Poems

--Microlecture Test

--Extended Resource:(Movie clip) Sword Dance-Song of the White Horse

-第二讲 命若琴弦/Strings of Life

--PPT

--Microlecture:An disabled Chinese writer-Shi Tiesheng

--Microlecture:Real-life Novel and Ideographic Novel

--Microlecture:Hope is the Fulcrum of Life

--Microlecture:How Symbolism Are Used in Strings of Life

--Microlecture Test

--Extended Resource:(Movie)Strings of Life

-单元讨论/Unit Discussion

-单元作业/Unit Assignment

心灵智慧/Wisdom

-单元导学/Unit Guidance

--Microlecture:Eyes of the Mind

-推荐阅读/Recommended Reading

--Literature Appreciation:任公子钓鱼/Angling

--About the Writer: 庄子/Zhuang Zi

--Literature Appreciation:一个偏见/A Prejudice

--About the Writer:钱钟书/Qian Zhongshu

--Literature Appreciation:杂诗十二首·其一Twelve Miscellaneous Poems

--About the Writer:陶渊明/Tao Yuanming

--Literature Appreciation:偶然/Chance

--About the Writer:徐志摩/Xu Zhimo

--Literature Appreciation:从前慢/The Slow Pace of Life

--About the Writer:木心/Mu Xin

-第一讲 任公子钓鱼/Angling

--PPT

--Microlecture:Chuang Tzu and Fish

--Microlecture:The Art of Hyperbole in Chuang Tzu's Fables

--Microlecture Test

--Extended Resource:(Cartoon) Chuang Tzu Speaks

-第二讲 一个偏见/A Prejudice

--PPT

--Microlecture:Learn Metaphor with Qian Zhongshu

--Microlecture:The Sharp Edge behind Prejudice

--Microlecture Test

--Extended Resource: A Letter from Qian Zhongshu to His Friend

-单元讨论/Unit Discussion

-单元作业/Unit Assignment

情感探微/Emotion

-单元导学/Unit Guidance

--Microlecture:Where the emotion rises, the poem arises

-推荐阅读/Recommended Reading

--Literature Appreciation:你是人间四月天/You Are the April of This World

--About the Writer:林徽因/Lin Huiyin

--Literature Appreciation:多年父子成兄弟/Brotherhood between Father and Son for Many Years

--About the Writer: 汪曾祺/Wang Zengqi

--Literature Appreciation:鹊踏枝/Magpie on the Branch

--About the Writer:冯延巳/Feng Yansi

--Literature Appreciation: 我们仨(节选)/We Three(Extracts)

--About the Writer:杨绛/Yang Jiang

--Literature Appreciation:写给母亲/Written for My Mother

--About the Writer:贾平凹/Jia Pingwa

-第一讲 你是人间四月天/You Are the April of This World

--PPT

--Microlecture:The “Three Beauties” of Lin Whei-yin’s Poetry

--Microlecture:The Color in Poem You Are the April of This World

--Microlecture Test

--Extended Resource:(Recitation)You Are the April of This World

--Extended Resource:(Song)You Are the April of This World

-第二讲 多年父子成兄弟/Brotherhood between Father and Son for Many Years

--PPT

--Microlecture:Fatherhood

--Microlecture:The Art of Leaving Blanks in "Brotherhood between Father and Son for Many Years"

--Microlecture Test

--Extended Resource:(Cartoon) Father and Son

-单元讨论/Unit Discussion

-单元作业/Unit Assignment

寄兴山水/Nature

-单元导学/Unit Guidance

--Microlecture:Mountains and Rivers Are Always Bestowed with Emotions

-推荐阅读/Recommended Reading

--Literature Appreciation:秋登万山寄张五/To Zhang Wu from the Top of Mountain Wanshan on an Autumn Day

--About the Writer:孟浩然/ Meng Haoran

--Literature Appreciation:春江花月夜/A Moonlit Night on the Spring River

--About the Writer: 张若虚/Zhang Ruoxu

--Literature Appreciation:春之怀古/A Meditation on Spring

--About the Writer: 张晓风/Zhang Xiaofeng

--Literature Appreciation:我们站在高高的山巅/We Are Standing High on the Summit of a Mountain

--About the Writer:冯至/ Feng Zhi

-第一讲 秋登万山寄张五/To Zhang Wu from the Top of Mountain Wanshan on an Autumn Day

--PPT

--Microlecture:Comparison of Wang Wei’s and Meng Haoran’s Poems

--Microlecture:Wanshan—The Most Romantic Mountain

--Microlecture:Carefree and Leisurely Life Feelings

--Microlecture Test

--Extended Resource:(Scenic Film) Xiangyang--The Hometown of Meng Haoran

-第二讲 春江花月夜/A Moonlit Night on the Spring River

--PPT

--Microlecture:Appreciation of the Best Ever Poem "A Moonlit Night on the Spring River "

--Microlecture:Transcendental Beauty of " A Moonlit Night on the Spring River "

--Microlecture:The Artistic Beauty of Scenery, Reason and Love in " A Moonlit Night on the Spring River "

--Microlecture Test

--Extended Resource: (Music) Concert of "A Moonlit Night on the Spring River" in the Golden Hall of Vienna

-单元讨论/Unit Discussion

-单元作业/Unit Assignment

眺望爱情/Love

-单元导学/Unit Guidance

--Microlecture:Love Is the Combination of Two Semicircles

-推荐阅读/Recommended Reading

--Literature Appreciation:汉广/A Woodcutter’s Love

--Relevant Material: 诗经/The Book of Songs

--Literature Appreciation:西洲曲/Song of West Isle

--Relevant Material:南北朝民歌/Folk Songs of the Northern and Southern Dynasties

--Literature Appreciation:爱/Love

--About the Writer:张爱玲/ Zhang Ailing

--Literature Appreciation:神雕侠侣(节选)/ The Return of the Condor Heroes(Extracts)

--About the Writer: 金庸/Jin Yong

--Literature Appreciation: 红楼梦(节选)/The Dream of the Red Chamber(Extracts)

--About the Writer: 曹雪芹/Cao Xueqin

-第一讲 汉广/A Woodcutter’s Love

--PPT

--Microlecture:"A Woodcutter’s Love" Is Enjoyed for a Thousand Years

--Microlecture:Love Is Always Young

--Microlecture:Near the End of the World —— the Situation of Admiration in A Woodcutter’s Love

--Microlecture Test

--Extended Resource:(Cartoon) Confucius Institute's Evaluation of the Book of Songs

-第二讲 西洲曲/Song of West Isle

--PPT

--Microlecture:The Ingenious Use of Pun in “Song of West Isle”

--Microlecture:A Comparative Analysis of Love Poems in the Northern and Southern Dynasties

--Microlecture Test

--Extended Resource:(Ink Wash Painting) Lotus Picking

-单元讨论/Unit Discussion

-单元作业/Unit Assignment

人性探究/Humanity

-单元导学/Unit Guidance

--Microlecture:Humanity Is the Eternal River of Light

-推荐阅读/Recommended Reading

--Literature Appreciation:示众/A Public Example

--About the Writer: 鲁迅/Lu Xun

--Literature Appreciation:鸭窠围的夜/A Night at Mallard-Nest Village

--About the Writer: 沈从文/Shen Congwen

--Literature Appreciation:百合花/Lilies

--About he Writer: 茹志鹃/Ru Zhijuan

--Literature Appreciation:受戒/The Love Story of a Young Monk

--About the Writer:汪曾祺 Wang Zengqi

-第一讲 示众/A Public Example

--PPT

--Microlecture:Lu Xun’s Humor and Profundity

--Microlecture:The Ingenious Use of the Technique of "Display" in A Public Example

--Microlecture:To See and Be Seen

--Microlecture Test

--Extended Resource: (Movie clip) Lu Xun's Speech

-第二讲 鸭窠围的夜/A Night at Mallard-Nest Village

--PPT

--Microlecture:The Compassion of the Eternal Night.

--Microlecture:Listening to the Narration of the Eternal Night

--Microlecture Test

--Extended Resource:(Scenic Film) Fenghuang--The Hometown of Shen Congwen

-单元讨论/Unit Discussion

-单元作业/Unit Assignment

期末考试/Final Exam

-Final Exam

Microlecture:How Symbolism Are Used in Strings of Life笔记与讨论

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