当前课程知识点:Gerontological Nursing > CHAPTER6:Nursing Care for the Elderly with Common Health Problems and Diseases > 6.8 Senile Deafness > Senile Deafness
返回《Gerontological Nursing》慕课在线视频课程列表
返回《Gerontological Nursing》慕课在线视频列表
同学们大家好
今天我们一起来学习一下老年性耳聋
随着年龄的增长
老年人双耳听力进行性下降
以高频听力下降为主的感音神经性耳聋
是老年人中最常见的听力障碍
部分老年人在耳聋刚开始时可伴有耳鸣
常常为高频声
据调查
我国60岁以上人群中
耳聋的发病率约为30%
而70~80岁可以高达50%~60%
严重影响了老年人与他人沟通
更是妨碍了老年人对外界信息的获取能力
从而影响生活质量
那么老年性耳聋是由什么原因引起的呢
主要的诱因可分为两大类
内在因素和外在因素
内在因素主要包括遗传
慢性病比如高血压
高血脂 冠心病
糖尿病 精神紧张
代谢异常对人体的血供造成影响
引起的耳听力明显下降
而外在因素如
接触耳毒性的药物或化学试剂
长期的抽烟酗酒
工作和生活环境持续受到噪音刺激
不良的挖耳习惯等等
这些因素均会引起或加重
老年性耳聋的发生和发展
我们知道
正常人的听力一般为500~2000赫兹
而高频率的声音是指大于2000核兹的声调
老年性听力下降多以高频听力下降为主
比如对门铃声 电话铃声
鸟叫声等高频声响不敏感
逐渐对所有的声音敏感性都降低
此外
言语分辨率降低也是老年性耳聋的特征之一
主要症状表现为
虽然听得见声音
但分辨很困难
理解能力也下降
随着症状的逐渐加重
患者与他人交谈变得困难甚至不愿意讲话
表现出孤独的现象
当小声讲话时老人听不清
但大声讲话时又嫌吵
对声源的判断能力下降
有时会用视觉进行补偿
比如看着他人的面部及嘴唇
判断其讲话语的意思
那这种现象我们又称为重振现象
多数老年人还伴有一定程度的耳鸣
大多都为高调性
逐渐加重持续终日
对于老年性耳聋的治疗
我们强调早期发现
及时治疗
越早治疗效果越好
当病成超过2个月后
治疗起来就会比较困难
建议老年人或家属
一旦发现自己近期有明显的听力下降
就应该及时去医院耳鼻喉科就诊
接受积极的检查和治疗
当然了
任何情况下我们都要防患于未然
预防耳聋的发生是很重要的
首先
要养成良好的饮食习惯
老年人要特别注意营养
清淡饮食 多补充微量元素
尤其是锌元素
对预防老年性耳聋有显著的效果
其次
保持情绪稳定
老年人由于血管弹性差
情绪会有比较容易激动
从而导致耳内血管痉挛
加之自身存在慢性病
则会加剧耳内血管的缺血缺氧
最终导致听力下降
保持心情舒畅
乐观对事
遇到突发性的噪音时
尽快的远离
以免造成冲击和伤害
此外
戒烟戒酒
积极治疗全身性的疾病
保持规律的体育锻炼
也对延缓耳聋的发生有一定的作用
目前尚无有效的手段
治疗老年性耳聋
但可以通过各种方法
来减缓老年性耳聋的进展
减轻对老年人日常生活的困扰
一 安全指导
患者和家属要讲解生活的安全措施
居家内可以安装声音和光线
同时刺激的报警装置
门铃可与室内的灯相连接
以便老人在家中应门
此外还可以给家庭中的电话听筒
增加音量或者扩音器
便于信息的沟通
二 佩戴合适的助听器
经过临床评估和诊断后
根据老年人的需求和经济情况
选择合适的助听器
三 常按摩
指导患者按摩耳垂前后的翳风穴
位于耳垂和耳后高骨之间的凹陷处
和听会穴
位于耳屏前下方
下颌关节突后缘之凹陷处
可以增加内耳的血液循环
有保护听力的作用
每日应早晚各按摩一次
每次持续5~10分钟
持续数个月即可见效
好了
以上就是本次章节的全部内容
谢谢大家
-1.1 Human Life Expectancy and Age Classification of the Elderly
--Human Life Expectancy and Age Classification of the Elderly
--【Vedio Recommendation】 How do we measure life expectancy ?
-1.2 Population Aging
--【Literature Recommendation】World Report on Ageing and Health: 2015
-1.3 Influence and Countermeasures of Population Aging
--Influence and Countermeasures of Population Aging
--【Literature Recommendation】World Population Ageing Highlights:2019
-1.4 Goals and Principles of Elderly Care
--Goals and Principles of Elderly Care
--【Book Recommendation】Evidence-Based Geriatric Nursing Protocols for Best Practice
-1.5 Theories Related to Elderly Care
--1.5.1 Personality Development Theory and Life Review
--1.5.2 Disengagement Theory and Activity Theory
--1.5.3 Self-efficacy and Chronic Disease Management
--【Vedio Recommendation】8 Stages of Development by Erik Erikson
--【Literature Recommendation】Activity Theory, Disengagement Theory, and Successful Aging
--【Book Recommendation】Self-Efficacy in Changing Societies
-1.6 Elderly Support and Elderly Care
--1.6.1 Concepts of Elderly Healthcare, Elderly Support and Elderly Care
--1.6.2 Home-based Elderly Care Model
--1.6.3 Institutional Elderly Care Model
--1.6.4 Integrated Medical and Nursing Care Model
--【Vedio Recommendation】Day in the Life of Home Care
--【Website Recommendation】Official Website of the National Institutes of Health
-Concept Map
--【Concept Map】General Introduction to Geronological Nursing
-【Test】CHAPTER 1
-2.1 Aging Changes in the Elderly
--2.1.1 Aging of the Respiratory System
--2.1.2 Aging of the Cardiovascular System
--2.1.3 Aging of the Digestive System
--2.1.4 Aging of the Urinary System
--2.1.5 Aging of the Endocrine System
--2.1.6 Aging of the Motor System
--2.1.7 Aging of the Nervous System
--2.1.8 Aging of the Sensory System
--【Literature Recommendation】Exercise Attenuates the Major Hallmarks of Aging
--【Book Recommendation】Hazzard's Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology
-2.2 Comprehensive Health Assessment of the Elderly
--Comprehensive Health Assessment of the Elderly
--【Literature Recommendation】Instruments to evaluate mental well-being in old age: a systematic review
-2.3 Principles of Elderly Health Assessment
--Principles of Elderly Health Assessment
-2.4 Assessment of the Functional Status of the Elderly
--Assessment of the Functional Status of the Elderly
--【Literature Recommendation】The Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) Scale
-2.5 Assessment of Cognitive Function in the Elderly
--Assessment of Cognitive Function in the Elderly
-2.6 Assessment and Adjustment of the Living Environment for the Elderly
--Assessment and Adjustment of the Living Environment for the Elderly
-Concept Map
--【Concept Map】Elderly Health Assessment(1)
--【Concept Map】Elderly Health Assessment(2)
-【Test】CHAPTER 2
-3.1 Overview of the Psychological Characteristics of the Elderly
--Overview of the Psychological Characteristics of the Elderly
-3.2 Influencing Factors of Psychological Changes in the Elderly
--Influencing Factors of Psychological Changes in the Elderly
-3.3 Common Psychological Issues and Their Management in the Elderly
--3.3.1 Common Psychological Issues and Their Management in the Elderly (1)
--3.3.2 Common Psychological Issues and Their Management in the Elderly (2)
--【Book Recommendation】Development Through the Lifespan
-3.4 Depression in the Elderly
--3.4.1 Overview of Depression in the Elderly
--3.4.2 Clinical Symptoms of Depression in the Elderly
--3.4.3 Caring for Elderly Patients with Depression
--【Documentary Recommendation】Depression:Out of the Shadows
-3.5 Elderly Patients with Dementia
--3.5.1 Identification of Dementia Symptoms in the Elderly
--3.5.2 Intelligence Rehabilitation of Elderly Patients with Dementia
--3.5.3 Safety Care of Elderly Patients with Dementia
--【Website Recommendation】The Global Voice on Demaentia
-Concept Map
--【Concept Map】Elderly Mental Health and Mental Health Care
-【Test】CHAPTER 3
-4.1 Precautions for Daily Care of the Elderly
--Precautions for Daily Care of the Elderly
-4.2 General Care of Elderly Skin
--4.2.1 Characteristics and General Care of Elderly Skin
--4.2.2 Skin Itching and Its Management in the Elderly
--【Website Recommendation】American Academy of Dermatology
-4.3 Clothing Hygiene for the Elderly
--Clothing Hygiene for the Elderly
--【Literature Recommendation】The Design Methods of Functional Clothing for the Elderly
-4.4 Dietary Care for the Elderly
--4.4.1 Nutritional Needs of the Elderly and Influencing Factors of these Needs
--4.4.2 Dietary Care for the Elderly
--【Book Recommendation】Nutrition Care of the Older Adult: a Handbook for Dietetics
--【Website Recommendation】Nutrition for older persons
-4.5 Sleep Guidance for the Elderly
--4.5.1 Sleep Characteristics of the Elderly
--4.5.2 Sleep Guidance for the Elderly
--【Book Recommendation】An Occupational Therapist's Guide to Sleep and Sleep Problems
--【Website Recommendation】American Academy of Sleep Medicine
-4.6 Exercises Guidance for the Elderly
--4.6.1 Evaluation of Exercise Intensity in the Elderly
--4.6.2 Precautions Elderly Undertaking Exercises
--【Website Recommendation】American College of Sport Medicine
--【Book Recommendation】Handbook of Activities for the Elderly
-Concept Map
--【Concept Map】Elderly Daily Care
-【Test】CHAPTER 4
-5.1 Characteristics of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacodynamics in the Elderly
--Characteristics of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacodynamics in the Elderly
--【Website Recommendation】How Drugs Work In the Elderly
-5.2 Common Adverse Drug Reactions and Their Causes in the Elderly
--Common Adverse Drug Reactions and Their Causes in the Elderly
-5.3 The Principles of the Use of Medications in the Elderly
--The Principles of the Use of Medications in the Elderly
-5.4 Prevention of Adverse Drug Reactions in the Elderly
--Prevention of Adverse Drug Reactions in the Elderly
-5.5 Medication Compliance in the Elderly
--Medication Compliance in the Elderly
-Concept Map
--【Concept Map】Medication Safety and Care for the Elderly
-【Test】CHAPTER 5
-6.1 Falls in the Elderly
--6.1.1 Epidemiological Characteristics of Elderly Falls
--6.1.2 Risk Factors for Falls in the Elderly
--6.1.3 Prevention of Falls in the Elderly
--【Website Recommendation】CDC STEADI(Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths & Injuries Tool Kit)
-6.2 Dysphagia in the Elderly
-6.3 Urinary Incontinence in the Elderly
--Urinary Incontinence in the Elderly
-6.4 Constipation in the Elderly
-6.5 Dry Mouth in the Elderly
--【Website Recommendation】Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
-6.6 Elderly Nutritional Deficiencies
--Elderly Nutritional Deficiencies - emaciation
-6.7 Visual Impairment in the Elderly
--Visual Impairment in the Elderly
--【Website Recommendation】Senior Eye Exams
-6.8 Senile Deafness
-6.9 Elderly Delirium
-6.10 Elderly Frailty
--【Literature Recommendation】Frailty in elderly people/Frailty in older people
-6.11 Pneumonia in the Elderly
-6.12 Hypertension in the Elderly
--【Literature Recommendation】2018 Chinese Guidelines for Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension
-6.13 Stroke in the Elderly
-6.14 Stable Angina in the Elderly
--Stable Angina in the Elderly
-Concept Map
--【Concept Map】Nursing Care for the Elderly with Common Health Problems and Diseases
-【Test】CHAPTER 6
-7.1 Concept of Hospice Care
--【Website Recommendation】 Definition of Palliative Care,WHO
-7.2 Death Education
--【Book Recommendation】The Meaning of Death by Herman Feife
-7.3 Nursing for Pain in the Dying Elderly
--Nursing for Pain in the Dying Elderly
-7.4 Nursing for Major Bleeding in the Dying Elderly
--Nursing for Major Bleeding in the Dying Elderly
-7.5 Nursing for Delirium in the Dying Elderly
--Nursing for Delirium in the Dying Elderly
-7.6 Nursing for Dyspnea in the Dying Elderly
--Nursing for Dyspnea in the Dying Elderly
--【Website Recommendation】The Hospice and Palliative Nurses Association,HPNA
-7.7 Psychological Problems and Nursing in the Dying Elderly
--Psychological Problems and Nursing in the Dying Elderly
--【Book Recommendation】On Death and Dying ,by Elisabeth Kübler-Ross
-7.8 Grief Counseling for the Widowed Elderly
--Grief Counseling for the Widowed Elderly
--【Book Recommendation】I Wasn't Ready to Say Goodbye,by Noel·Brook,Blair·Pamela
-Concept Map
--【Concept Map】Hospice Care for the Elderly
-【Test】CHAPTER 7
-Final Exam