1.4 Text 讲解词慕课视频播放-陕西导游英语-MOOC慕课视频教程-柠檬大学

Ladies and gentlemen, today we are going to visit the City Wall of Xi'an.

Xi'an, capital of the empires for over a thousand years, was one of the world's great metropolises, rivaling and even surpassing its contemporaries, Athens, Constantinople and even Rome.

When you come to Xi'an, the first landmark you will encounter is the ancient city wall, which stretches round the old city. Xi'an was originally a walled city, and even today the wall is considered a landmark dividing the city into the inner part and the outer part.

The city wall is massive-tall, long and thick. It is not only a well-preserved ancient Chinese monument but was once also //a complex and well-organized system of defense for the city, just as the medieval towns fortified with a high wall and a deep moat.

The present City Wall of Xi'an was mostly built in the Ming Dynasty. It is an extension of the old Tang Dynasty structure. The city wall stands 12 meters high, 12-14 meters wide across the top, 15-18 meters thick at the bottom and 13.7 kilometers in circumference [sə'kʌmfərəns].

Every 120 meters apart, there is a rampart that extends out from the main wall. Local people called it Mamian in Chinese. The top of the rampart is at the same level as the top of the wall. The ramparts were built to allow soldiers to see those enemies who’d try to climb the wall. The distance between every two ramparts is just within the range of arrow shot from either side. This allowed the soldiers to protect the city wall without exposing themselves to the enemy. There are altogether 98 of them on the wall: each has a sentry building on top of it.

The weapons in ancient times were primitive.The gates of the city wall were the only way to go into and out of town. Therefore, these gates were important strategic points. Because of its strategic significance, complicated gate structure was built within the wall.

Xi'an City Wall includes four gates and they are respectively named as Changle(长乐门) in the east, Anding（安定门） in the west, Yongning（永宁门） in the south and Anyuan（安远门）in the north. The South Gate, Yongning, is the most beautifully decorated one and it is very close to the Bell Tower, center of the city. Important greeting ceremonies organized by the provincial government are usually held in the South Gate Square.

In Xi'an, each of the east, west, south and north gate consists of three gate towers. The main gate tower is called “Zhenglou”. "Zhalou” is the gate tower with a suspension bridge, and "Jianlou” is the arrow tower. Zhalou tower stands away from the wall. It is used to lift and lower the suspension bridge. Jianlou tower is in the center of the others. There are square windowsin the front where soldiers can shoot arrows. The Zhenglou tower is the inner one and is the main entrance to the city. Jianlou and Zhenglou are connected by walls and the encircled area is called “Wongcheng” in which soldiers could be stationed. From Wongcheng, there are also sloping horse passages leading to the top of the wall. There are altogether 11 horse passages around the city.

A watch tower is located on each of the four corners of the wall. The one at the southwestern corner is round, probably after the model of the imperial city wall of the Tang Dynasty, but the other three are square, higher and larger than the sentry building on the ramparts. This shows the strategic importance of the corners of the city wall in war times.

The City Wall of Xi'an was first built of earth, rammed layer upon layer. The base layer was made of earth, quicklime ['kwɪklaɪm] and glutinous ['ɡluːtənəs] rice extract ['ekstrækt], tempered together. It made the wall extremely strong and firm. Later, the wall was totally coated by the bricks. The moat measures 20 meters in width [wɪdθ] and 7 meters in depth with a defense wall 2 meters high on the inner bank. Over the moat, there used to be a huge suspension bridge which cut off the way in and out of the city, once lifted.

By the local government, the city wall has taken on a new look nowadays after the repairs. A circular park has been built between the high wall and the deep moat, all around the city. The thriving trees and flowers, and the buildings of classical Chinese architecture in the park, together with the city wall, make Xi'an all the more beautiful.

Since 1993, Xi’an City Wall International Marathon has been holding every November. It attracts thousands of Marathon fans every year.

In 1997, former US President Clinton chose Xi'an as the first stop of his historic trip to China. He sang high praises after visiting the ancient city wall. The ancient Xi'an City Wall is a timeless display of the ability and wisdom of the people of ancient China. It provides visitors with an invaluable insight into Chinese history, military developments and architecture.

Ok, ladies and gentlemen, now please follow me to climb up the city wall together.

陕西导游英语课程列表：

1. 美景篇

-1.1 Emperor Qinshihuang’s Mausoleum Site Museum 秦始皇帝陵博物院

--1.1 Video 讲解视频

--1.1 Text 讲解词

--1.1 Discussion 讨论

--1.1 Test 测试

-1.2 Shaanxi History Museum 陕西历史博物馆

--1.2 Video 讲解视频

--1.2 Text 讲解词

--1.2 Discussion 讨论

--1.2 Test 测试

-1.3 The Forest of Stone Tablets 西安碑林博物馆

--1.3 Video 讲解视频

--1.3 Text 讲解词

--1.3 Discussion 讨论

--1.3 Test

-1.4 Xi’an City Wall 西安城墙景区

--1.4 Video 讲解视频

--1.4 Text 讲解词

--1.4 Discussion 讨论

--1.4 测试

-1.5 The Huaqing Hot Spring 华清池景区

--1.5 Video 讲解视频

--1.5 Text 讲解词

--1.5 Discussion 讨论

--1.5 测试

-1.6 The Big Wild Goose Pagoda 西安大雁塔

--1.6 Video 讲解视频

--1.6 Text 讲解词

--1.6 Discussion 讨论

--1.6 测试

-1.7 The Tang Paradise 大唐芙蓉园

--1.7 Video 讲解视频

--1.7 Text 讲解词

--1.7 Discussion 讨论

--1.7 测试

-1.8 The Great Mosque 西安清真大寺

--1.8 Video 讲解视频

--1.8 Text 讲解词

--1.8 Discussion 讨论

--1.8 测试

-1.9 Famen Temple Buddhist Cultural Scenic Area 陕西法门寺佛文化景区

--1.9 Video 讲解视频

--1.9 Text 讲解词

--1.9 Discussion 讨论

--1.9 测试

-1.10 The Yellow Emperor’s Mausoleum 黄帝陵景区

--1.10 Video 讲解视频

--1.10 Text 讲解词

--1.10 Discussion 讨论

--1.10 测试

-1.11 Yan’an Revolutionary Heritage Site 延安革命纪念地景区

--1.11 Video 讲解视频

--1.10 Text 讲解词

--1.11 Discussion 讨论

--1.11 测试

-1.12 Mount Huashan 华山风景名胜区

--1.12 Video 讲解视频

--1.12 Text 讲解词

--1.12 Discussion 讨论

--1.12 测试

-1.13 Jinsi Grand Canyon Scenic Spot 金丝峡景区

--1.13 Video 讲解视频

--1.13 Text 讲解词

--1.13 Discussion 讨论

--1.13 测试

-1.14 Taibaishan International Holiday Resort 太白山国际旅游度假区

--1.14 Video 讲解视频

--1.14 Text 讲解词

--1.14 Discussion 讨论

--1.14 测试

2. 美食篇

-2.0 Prelude 引言

--2.0 Video 讲解视频

-2.1 Diced Pancake Boiled in Mutton & Beef Soup 羊肉泡馍

--2.1 Video 讲解视频

--2.1 Discussion 讨论

--2.1 Test 测试

-2.2 Xi'an Dumpling Banquet 饺子宴

--2.2 Video 讲解视频

--2.2 Discussion 讨论

--2.2 Test 测试

-2.3 Biang Biang Noodles 扯面

--2.3 Video 讲解视频

--2.3 Discussion 讨论

--2.3 Test 测试

-2.4 Pancake Stuffed with Marinated Pork 肉夹馍

--2.4 Video 讲解视频

--2.4 Discussion 讨论

--2.4 Test 测试

-2.5 Cold Noodles with Sesame Paste 麻酱凉皮

--2.5 Video 讲解视频

--2.5 Discussion 讨论

--2.5 Test 测试

3. 购物篇

-3.1 Shaanxi Local Specialties 陕西特色手工艺品

--3.1 Video 讲解视频

--3.1 Text 讲解词

--3.1 Discussion 讨论

--3.1 Test 测试

-3.2 Qin Terracotta figures 兵马俑复制品

--3.2 Video 讲解视频

--3.2 Text 讲解词

--3.2 Discussion 讨论

--3.2 Test 测试

-3.3 Stele Rubbings and Yaozhou Green ware 拓片和耀州瓷

--3.3 Video 讲解视频

--3.3 Text 讲解词

--3.3 Discussion 讨论

--3.3 Test 测试

-3.4 Leather Shadow Puppets and Paper Cuts 皮影和剪纸

--3.4 Video 讲解视频

--3.4 Text 讲解词

--3.4 Discussion 讨论

--3.4 Test 测试

-3.5 Shuyuanmen Cultural Street 书院门

--3.5 Video 讲解视频

--3.5 Text 讲解词

--3.5 Discussion 讨论

--3.5 Test 测试

4. 娱乐篇

-4.1 The Tang Dynasty Music and Dance Show 仿唐乐舞

--4.1 Video 讲解视频

--4.1 Text 讲解词

--4.1 Discussion 讨论

--4.1 Test 测试

-4.2 The Song of Everlasting Sorrow Evening Show 长恨歌

--4.2 Video 讲解视频

--4.2 Text 讲解词

--4.2 Discussion 讨论

--4.2 Test 测试

-4.3 The Great Tang All Day Mall 大唐不夜城

--4.3 Video 讲解视频

--4.3 Text 讲解词

--4.3 Discussion 讨论

--4.3 Test 测试

5. 导游实践篇

-5.1 Meeting with a Tour Group at the Airport 机场接机

--5.1 Video 讲解视频

--5.1 Test 测试

-5.2 Welcome Speech 欢迎词

--5.2 Video 讲解视频

--5.2 Test 测试

-5.3 Brief Introduction to Shaanxi and Xi’an 陕西及西安简介

--5.3 Video 讲解视频

--5.3 Test 测试

-5.4 On the Way to the Hotel 去钟楼饭店途中

--5.4 Video 讲解视频

--5.4 Test 测试

-5.5 Check in at Bell Tower Hotel 钟楼饭店入住

--5.5 Video 讲解视频

--5.5 Test 测试

-5.6 Discuss the Itinerary 讨论行程安排

--5.6 Video 讲解视频

--5.6 Test 测试

-5.7 Change the Room 调换房间

--5.7 Video 讲解视频

--5.7 Test 测试

-5.8 Arrange the Morning Call 安排叫早

--5.8 Video 讲解视频

--5.8 Test 测试

-5.9 On the Way to the Scenic Spot 去景点途中导览

--5.9 Video 讲解视频

--5.9 Test

-5.10 Having a Meal 用餐

--5.10 Video 讲解视频

--5.10 Test 测试

-5.11 Watching the Song of Everlasting Sorrow Evening Show 看《长恨歌》实景演出

--5.11 Video 讲解视频

--5.11 Test 测试

-5.12 Shopping 购物

--5.12 Video 讲解视频

--5.12 Test 测试

-5.13 Check Out 结账离店

--5.13 Video 讲解视频

--5.13 Test 测试

-5.14 Seeing the Tourists Off 机场送别

--5.14 Video 讲解视频

--5.14 Test 测试

期末考试

-期末考试

1.4 Text 讲解词资料文件与下载