提炼与概括的含义在线视频

同学们好
hello, everyone

这一讲我们来探讨
in this lecture, we’ll talk about

提炼与概括的问题
method of refinement and generalization

用怎样的方法
and how to express

来表达个人感受
individual feelings

这是很难讲的
It’s hard to say

因为现成的表达方法是没有的
Because there is no ready-made method

表达方法是每个艺术家创造出来的
it has to be created

历史上每一位大师
Every master in history

都有表达自己特殊感受的方法
has a method of expression in his own way

后人只能借鉴而不能照搬
and future generations can only learn from it

即便你与前人感受相近
but not copy it

照搬也不能完成
Even if you have similar feelings as previous artists

自我独特感受的特别表达
but copying other style won’t help

大师的感受与表达
in unique expression development

依照个别事物之理时
This is undesirable

也必须依照众理
Old master's experience and expression

一定是众理的具体体现
also has to be in accordance

才可被大众广泛接受
with the principles and individual situations

所以我们找出一些
it could be widely accepted by the public

普遍规律性的东西
So, we need find something that

也就是我们可以学习的东西
is universally or regular

绘画表达的普遍方法
that is what we can learn

是将绘画基本元素
The general method of expression

依照主体的审美理想
is to organize the basic elements of painting

进行有机的组织
according to the subject's aesthetic ideal

这种方法通过学习可以获得
it can be obtained through practice

绘画元素表现性
The general rules

与组织规律
of the painting

从来就没有改变过
have never changed

大师们在表达独特感受时
When expressing unique feelings

采用了与此相对应的特殊方法
the masters always chose special method

这种特殊的方法
Such special methods

也必然呈现出
also show

普遍的组织规律来
the general rules within it

黄宾虹的画大家看过很多
Everyone has seen Huang Binhong's paintings

他的表达方法很特别
and his style is very special

后人只能通过观看获得启示
Now we can only obtain inspiration through observing

而不能学着画
but not follow his style to paint

黄宾虹感受的是
What Huang Binhong felt

大千世界的生命律动和节奏感
is the rhythm of life and nature

他已超越物理世界的束缚
He has surpassed the physical world

也超越了古人的表现方法
and the expression methods of ancient artists

创造了一种
He has created

浑厚华滋 的艺术境界
an artistic realm of "thickness and richness"

完成了形而上的充分表达
and has reach the hierarchy of metaphysical expression

再看塞尚的画
Let’s take a look at Cezanne's painting

塞尚在大自然中
he observed regular structure

观察到了有规则的结构
and patterns with changing rhythm in nature

及不断变化的节奏图式
which he believed to be

他认为这是自然界的
the internal order of nature

内在秩序
Therefore, he rarely depicts accidental phenomena

因此他很少描绘偶然现象
Everything in his painting

他画面中的一切
symbolizes the eternal existence of essence

都象征着本质的永恒的存在
His paintings always give people

他的画总给人一种
sense of strict structure, realness

结构严整 实实在在
like forged metal

犹如金属锻造般的感觉
Van Gogh's landscape paintings

凡·高画风景
are covered with long and short lines

运用长长短短的线布满画面
which is how he expresses

这是他表达
his feeling

在阳光中沐浴的感觉
and experience under the sun

和内在心境
His color choice is very bright

他的色彩运用非常明亮
it reflects his love and pursuit of brightness

体现出他内心
In Van Gogh's point of view

对明亮色彩的喜爱与追求
such expression is just right on the point

在凡·高看来
it is the only option

这样的表达才恰到好处
Most of master works are very classic

大师的作品都非常经典
leaving deep impression on us

给我们留下了深刻的印象
No matter the uniqueness of their feelings

无论他们感受的独特性
or the sufficiency of expression

还是表达的充分程度
they have a great influence on later generations

对后人的影响都很大
which is also the main reason why

这也是他们成为
they become influential painters

有影响力的画家的主要原因
However, none of their methods can be imitated

但他们的方法都不可模仿
because it is only suitable

因为那只适合
for expressing their own

表达他们自身的感受
express others feelings

我们模仿了
If we imitate them

也只能表达他们的感受
we can only express their feelings

而不是自己的
instead of our own

从这个意义上讲
from a sense

我们要有自己
we need have own feelings

独立的精神追求
and independent spirit pursuit

和真实感受
and true experience

才能真正找到
in order to turly find

自己的表达方法
their own expression method

个别的方法虽然特别
Although individual methods are special

但其中也蕴含着
but there is also

普遍的规律
general rules

下面我们就来讨探一下
Next, let's discuss

个别方法中存在的
that exists in individual methods

能够相互沟通
that can communicate and understand between each other

彼此理解的共性
understand the generality between them

即绘画表现之理
which is the method of painting expression

（这一讲）我们探讨的是
In this lecture, what we discuss is

从生活到画面的重要环节
important link from life to painting

提炼与概括
Refinement and generalization

提炼与概括的含义是这样
the meaning of refinement and generalization is

所谓提炼
The so-called refining

是透过纷繁杂乱的生活现象
through the complicated phenomenon

提取自己感兴趣的东西
to extract the thing you interested

并重点刻画
and highlight that part

减弱和略去那些次要的
and ignore the insignificant parts

无关紧要的东西
the insignificant parts

下面来对比看一下
Let's compare these

两幅实景照片和两幅写生作品
two photos and the landscape sketching

同学们很容易就看出
it’s easily to tell

画面要表达的内容
what this painting is about

而且一眼就能盯上了
it's easy to find

那些集中精力用笔墨表达的地方
where were put more effort on it

整体去看
overall

那些简和虚的地方
the simple and void places

正是由于有了这些
just because of this

简化地方的对比
the comparison of these simplified places

才使那些要突出表达的地方
to make the important part

更显著
more prominent

所谓概括
the so-called generalization

是对画面形式的整体把握
is the over-all control of painting

细节不应该孤立存在
detail should not be isolated

而应该服从于整体感受
and should work with entire feeling of painting

从某种意义上讲
from a sense

物象轮廓
the shape of forms

是概括的第一要素
is the first element of generalization

这是形体轮廓整体把握的
this is typical example of

典型例子
overall shape consideration

轮廓之内的变化
changes within shape

不能影响整体造型的感觉
should not influence the over-all feeling

是概括的第二要素
the second element is

前面我们已经讲过
we have talked before

把感受落实到画面上
when come to painting

是提炼与概括的结果
the result of refining and generalization

如果仅是客观模仿
not simply imitation

而没有取舍
without choice

像照片一样
just like photo

不知如何提炼
without refining and generalization

这种绘画即是没有感受的
it will be lack of sense of life in painting

概括与提炼紧密相联
Generalization and refining are closely linked

也是绘画表现过程中的
in the process of painting making

基本手法
that's basic method

可以把我们感受的内容
it could highlight what we experience

明确表达出来
and clearly express

概括的目的
The purpose of generalization

是通过简化手段
through simplified method

突出我们想要呈现的内容
to present what we want to express

下面是写生示范
here is demonstration