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Michelangelo's struggle between life and death课程教案、知识点、字幕

米开朗基罗的雕像

和古希腊雕像

在对形体块面的处理上

也有基本差别

希腊雕像固然也追求

形体块面的结实饱满和有机性

但是它总是要努力达到

高度的平整圆滑感

所以如温克尔曼所说的

他追求在细腻的变化当中

形成没有冲突的和谐

而米开朗基罗不同

他在对形体块面做处理的时候

是尽最大的可能去彰显

每一个块面的内在的强力

这样使它的形体块面

尤其是它的形象的肌肉

似乎是每一块肌肉

都要表现出自己独特的强力和存在

我们现在看到的是

米开朗基罗的作品《反叛的奴隶》

有时又称为《被俘的奴隶》

我们看这双手

被反绑着的裸体形体

他的形体是极度扭曲的

那种挣扎或者反叛的感觉

让人感到他的上肢和下肢之间

存在着极度的张力

犹如就要拧折似的

他像是一支被反拉的强弓

这是我们转换了一个角度

来进行拍摄的

我们发现这个雕像给人的感觉

是米开朗基罗赋予它

在极度的张力当中永不停止的涌动

我们看他的头部

我们会发现他仰望苍穹的头颅

是非常的坚毅的

而他的脖颈和他的肩膀之间的关系

是在极度的扭转当中

有一种永恒的冲突

这就是反叛

我们现在看到的是

米开朗基罗的《垂死的奴隶》雕像

这个雕像相比于

《反叛的奴隶》它的造型更加平缓

我们看到在这个雕像那里

米开朗基罗似乎又回到了

对古希腊雕像的致敬

在这个雕像身上我们看到

米开朗基罗似乎释放了

他的雕像所具有的过度的张力

而以一种舒缓的节奏

向希腊古典雕塑理想靠拢

这个雕像似乎展示了

这样一个形体的变化的过程

如果我们从下往上看

也许我们会看到一个

从紧张到放松的过程

作为一个生命体

它也许是从坚持到放弃的过程

似乎是生与死的一种自然转换

或者说在生和死的张力之中

达到了一种令人既伤叹

而又安慰的一个矛盾的组合

所以当我们从另外一个侧面

来看这个雕像的时候

我们会发现当我们在正面看到的

更多的是一种垂死之际的深沉无奈

而我们从他的侧面也许我们会看到

他的那样一种似乎是

永远驻足于人间的高歌舞蹈的身姿

我们看他的身体

他的面容

都在一种似乎是深沉哀惋之中

得到了一种回归式的慰藉

我们现在看到的两组四个雕像

即《夜与昼》

《晨与昏》

是米开朗基罗是为美第奇家族的

两个早逝的男子的陵墓做的雕像

这四个雕像表达的

是对这两个男子的英年早逝的

深深的哀痛和悲悼

安葬他们兄弟的小教堂参观

这两组雕像给予

我们对生命的早逝深沉的感伤

也是永恒不息的

生之梦想的悲切的惆怅

米开朗基罗本人有一首诗

来表达他在这所雕塑当中

所传达的一种生命感慨

他说睡眠是甜蜜的

成为顽石更是幸福

只要世上还有罪恶与耻辱的时候

不见不闻

不知不觉

于我是最大欢乐

因此不要叫醒我

请讲话轻些吧

米开朗基罗一生充满了痛苦

所以他才会对睡梦

有这样深沉的眷念

在他晚年的时候

大概有十年的时间

他反反复复在修改

这件被题为《圣母悲悯像》的雕刻

有人说与其说他在修改

不如说他在修改和破坏之间挣扎

与他89岁的长寿相配的是

他不仅是伟大的雕塑家

伟大的画家

而且是伟大的建筑家

我们无论在罗马

还是在佛罗伦萨

我们在两个城市的许多角落

都会呼吸到米开朗基罗的艺术气息

特别是佛罗伦萨

整个空气中都弥漫着

米开朗基罗不朽的艺术魅力

正如瓦萨里所说米开朗基罗是一个

总是寻求和自己搏斗的人一样

晚年的米开朗基罗也这样说

无论我多么富有

我总是生活得像一个穷人

与在艺术中冲突

而辉煌的一生不一样

在现实生活中的米开朗基罗的

人生是非常的拘束而困厄的

他终生孑然一身

他有一个长期的心心相印的恋人

但是在现实中却是永远如

两个冰河相隔的世界一样

据他的友人回忆

他人生最后的遗憾就是

他没有在和他的恋人

执手相依的时候亲吻她的面庞

Western and Chinese Art: Masters and Classics课程列表:

1.A Survey of Art: Subjects and Methodology

-1.1Factual impairment between image and message

--Factual impairment between image and message

-1.2Relationship between Fact and Truth

--Relationship between Fact and Truth

-1.3The image revelry in the information age

--The image revelry in the information age

-1.4 Nature, animal and human body art

--Nature, animal and human body art

-1.5 Art: from concrete bodies to metaphorical constructions

--Art: from concrete bodies to metaphorical constructions

-1.6 On defining art

--On defining art

-1.7 Globalization and Consumerism

--Globalization and Consumerism

-1.8 Art and Anti-art

--Art and Anti-art

-1.9The value classics hold to the modern time

--The value classics hold to the modern time

-Homework1

2. The Dawn of Icon: Masterpieces by Unknown Artists

-2.1 The occurrence of prehistoric art

--The occurrence of prehistoric art

-2.2 Mysterious cave mural paintings

--Mysterious cave mural paintings

-2.3 Symbolism of rock engravings

--Symbolism of rock engravings

-2.4 Expressive functions about prehistoric painting

--Expressive functions about prehistoric painting

-2.5 Aesthetic characters of prehistoric art

--Aesthetic characters of prehistoric art

-2.6 The tribal art of bodily operation

--The tribal art of bodily operation

-2.7 The construction to reach the heaven

--The construction to reach the heaven

-2.8 Immortal art in ancient Egyptian

-- Immortal art in ancient Egyptian

-Homework2

3.Mythological creation of beauty: From Homer to Phidias

-3.1 The relationship between mythology and Greek culture

--The relationship between mythology and Greek culture

-3.2 The marks of the epics written by Homer

--The marks of the epics written by Homer

-3.3 Three greatest tragedy drammatists in Greece

--Three greatest tragedy drammatists in Greece

-3.4 The aesthetics woven into ancient Greek architecture

--The aesthetics woven into ancient Greek architecture

-3.5 The ancient Greek sculpture

--The ancient Greek sculpture

-3.6 The Greek sculpture of the classic age

--The Greek sculpture of the classic age

-3.7 Works of Phidias

--Works of Phidias

-3.8 The essence and verve of ancient Greek classical art

--The essence and verve of ancient Greek classical art

-Homework3

4.Majesty and Divinity: From Bronze Ware to Han Stone Rrelief

-4.1The beginning of Chinese painting and Calligraphy

--The beginning of Chinese painting and Calligraphy

-4.2 Majesty and divinity from bronze ware

--Majesty and divinity from bronze ware

-4.3 The Duke Mao Tripod and eternal characters

--The Duke Mao Tripod and eternal characters

-4.4The Philosophy of Chuang Tzu

--The Philosophy of Chuang Tzu

-4.5Qin Shi Huang’s Terracotta Warriors

--Qin Shi Huang’s Terracotta Warriors

-4.6The painting in the Han Dynasty

--The painting in the Han Dynasty

-4.7 The sculpture in the Han Dynasty

--The sculpture in the Han Dynasty

-Homework4

5.Grief and Transcendence: Wang Xizhi and Gu Kaizhi

-5.1Master Chuang Tzu's impact on the Wei and Jin Dynasties

--Master Chuang Tzu's impact on the Wei and Jin Dynasties

-5.2Talking about Ji Kang

--Talking about Ji Kang

-5.3 The general spirit of the Wei and Jin Dynasties

--The general spirit of the Wei and Jin Dynasties

-5.4 Wang Xizhi and his unrivalled attainment in calligraphy

--Wang Xizhi and his unrivalled attainment in calligraphy

-5.5 A Preface to the Orchid Pavilion

-- A Preface to the Orchid Pavilion

-5.6 The penmanship of two famous calligraphers surnamed Wang

--The penmanship of two famous calligraphers surnamed Wang

-5.7Gu Kaizhi and his painting

--Gu Kaizhi and his painting

-5.8 Great poet Tao Yuanming

--Great poet Tao Yuanming

-Homework5

6.Unrestrained-ness and unconventional-ness: Zhang Xu and Wu Daozi

-6.1The Chan School in the Tang dynasty

--The Chan School in the Tang dynasty

-6.2“Cursive King”: Zhang Xu

--“Cursive King”: Zhang Xu

-6.3《Four Calligraphy Works of Ancient Poems》

--《Four Calligraphy Works of Ancient Poems》

-6.4Zhang Xu and Huai Su

--Zhang Xu and Huai Su

-6.5Wu Daozi and his paintings

--Wu Daozi and his paintings

-6.6Wang Wei and Chinese landscape painting

--Wang Wei and Chinese landscape painting

-6.7The relation of painting and poetry

--The relation of painting and poetry

-Homework6

7. Earthliness and Holiness: Giotto and Jan Van Eyck

-7.1 The beginning of Renaissance: Giotto

--The beginning of Renaissance: Giotto

-7.2 Giotto’s naturalism

--Giotto’s naturalism

-7.3 The frescoes in the Arenal Chapel

--The frescoes in the Arenal Chapel

-7.4 The Renaissance artist in north Europe: Robert Campin

--The Renaissance artist in north Europe: Robert Campin

-7.5 The Ghent Altarpiece

--The Ghent Altarpiece

-7.6 Jan Van Eyck’s secular paintings

-- Jan Van Eyck’s secular paintings

-Homework7

8. The Blossoming of Holiness: From Da Vinci to Titian

-8.1 The beauty of dawn during Renaissance

--The beauty of dawn during Renaissance

-8.2 The reproducer of nature: Da Vinci

--The reproducer of nature: Da Vinci

-8.3 The immortal work Mona Lisa

--The immortal work Mona Lisa

-8.4 The classicism of Raphael

--The classicism of Raphael

-8.5 The Sistine Chapel ceiling

--The Sistine Chapel ceiling

-8.6 The mythology and sculpture of Moses

--The mythology and sculpture of Moses

-8.7 Michelangelo's struggle between life and death

-- Michelangelo's struggle between life and death

-8.8 The perceptual Titian and Venice

--The perceptual Titian and Venice

-Homework8

9.Nature and Human Nature: Rubens, Poussin and Rembrandt

-9.1Rubens and the Baroque Art

--Rubens and the Baroque Art

-9.2Poussin and his classical spirit

--Poussin and his classical spirit

-9.3Rembrandt and his aptitude of wielding light and shadow

--Rembrandt and his aptitude of wielding light and shadow

-9.4 Rembrandt in his self-portrait

--Rembrandt in his self-portrait

-9.5 Vermeer and his painting

--Vermeer and his painting

-Homework9

10.Verve and Character: From Wang Wei to Ni Zan

-10.1Landscape painting from the Five Dynasties period to the Northern Song Dynasty

--Landscape painting from the Five Dynasties period to the Northern Song Dynasty

-10.2 Creating painting out of poetry by Emperor Huizong of Song

--Creating painting out of poetry by Emperor Huizong of Song

-10.3 Viewing the small through the large

--Viewing the small through the large

-10.4 Combining the tangible with the intangible

--Combining the tangible with the intangible

-10.5 The atmosphere of freedom, detachedness and ease of landscape painting

-- The atmosphere of freedom, detachedness and ease of landscape painting

-10.6 Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains

--Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains

-10.7 Friendliness in Ni Zan’s painting

--Friendliness in Ni Zan’s painting

-10.8 A pristine and boundless world in Ni Zan’s painting

--A pristine and boundless world in Ni Zan’s painting

-Homework10

11.Personality and Love for Ridicule: Xu Wei the Lunatic

-11.1The origin and expression of the madman culture

--The origin and expression of the madman culture

-11.2 The madman Li Zhi

--The madman Li Zhi

-11.3 Xu Wei: from gifted scholar to mad man

--Xu Wei: from gifted scholar to mad man

-11.4 The aesthetic ideology of Xu Wei

--The aesthetic ideology of Xu Wei

-11.5 Xu Wei’s notions and theories on painting practise

--Xu Wei’s notions and theories on painting practise

-11.6 Miscellaneous Plants and Flowers

--Miscellaneous Plants and Flowers

-11.7 Drunkenness in Xu Wei's art

--Drunkenness in Xu Wei's art

-Homework11

12.The Transition of Classicism: From David to Courbet

-12.1 Winckelmann

--Winckelmann

-12.2 Neoclassical master: David

--Neoclassical master: David

-12.3 The Death of Marat

--The Death of Marat

-12.4 The Intervention of the Sabine Women

--The Intervention of the Sabine Women

-12.5 The aestheticism works by Ingres

--The aestheticism works by Ingres

-12.6 The contrast between photography and paintings

--The contrast between photography and paintings

-12.7 Courbet and realism

--Courbet and realism

-Homework12

13.The Philosophy and Painting of Romanticism

-13.1 Rousseau and emotionalism

--Rousseau and emotionalism

-13.2 Kant's view about the beautiful and the sublime

--Kant's view about the beautiful and the sublime

-13.3 Goethe, from Werther to Faust

--Goethe, from Werther to Faust

-13.4 Byron, romantic hero

--Byron, romantic hero

-13.5 The painting laws of Romanticism

--The painting laws of Romanticism

-13.6 John Constable

--John Constable

-13.7 The world of Turner

--The world of Turner

-Homework13

14.Experience and Contemplation: Van Gogh and Cézanne

-14.1 Western modernism and Rodin

--Western modernism and Rodin

-14.2 The Gates of Hell

--The Gates of Hell

-14.3 Painting conception of Manet

--Painting conception of Manet

-14.4 Impressionism of Monet

--Impressionism of Monet

-14.5 Cezanne:the Father of the art of modernism

--Cezanne:the Father of the art of modernism

-14.6 Van Gogh:painting and life

--Van Gogh:painting and life

-14.7 The art value of Van Gogh

--The art value of Van Gogh

-Homework14

15.Boundless Art: From Marcel Duchamp to Andy Warhol

-15.1 art modernism

--art modernism

-15.2 porcelain urinal of Marcel Duchamp

--porcelain urinal of Marcel Duchamp

-15.3 This is not a pipe

--This is not a pipe

-15.4 The great innovation artist: Picasso

--The great innovation artist: Picasso

-15.5 the infinity of art

--the infinity of art

-15.6 the art after Andy Warhol

--the art after Andy Warhol

-Homework15

Final exam

-Final exam

Michelangelo's struggle between life and death笔记与讨论

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