16.3 How to Write an Introductory Paragraph慕课视频播放-主题英语-MOOC慕课视频教程-柠檬大学

大家好。

你们通常怎样写开头呢？

“随着社会/科技/经济的发展……”

这样写很好，但是听起来像是一个套路，因为大多数同学不管写什么话题都用这个句型开头。

一篇有条理的文章需要有给人印象深刻的开头段。

所以今天我们将要学习如何写开头段。

一个好的开头段发挥四种作用。（《美国大学英语写作》，P90）

首先，它吸引读者兴趣，引导他们继续读下去。

第二，它提供读者理解文章所需要的任何背景信息。

第三，它呈现主题句。

一篇文章中针对主要观点的清晰、直接的陈述一般出现在开头段的最后部分。

最后，它说明了行文思路。

在概述中，按照即将陈述的顺序，列出支持论点的要点。

在某些情况下，论点与行文思路出现在同一句中。

然而，有时作者也选择不描述行文思路。

这里有一些常见的介绍性段落写作方法。（《美国大学英语写作》，P90-92）

你可以使用引用。

你可以引用在书里或文章里看到的内容。

也可以是你听到的：一句俗语或谚语，一个最近流行的或最新的广告词，

或者朋友或家人喜欢使用的表达。

在介绍性段落里使用引用，可以让你用别人的观点来加强自己的观点。

你也可以使用与你将要阐释的观点或情形相反的内容。

这个方法奏效是因为开场的想法和后面的论点所造成的对比会使读者感到惊喜，从而激起他们的好奇心。

第三，开头先使用泛泛的、综合性的话题陈述，然后缩小为你的论点。

综合性的陈述可以通过首先介绍话题引领读者从容地了解文章主旨。

第四种选择是向读者解释你的话题的重要性。

如果你能说服读者，你的话题在某种意义上适合他们，

或者是他们应该深入了解的内容，他们就会想要继续阅读。

最后还有重要的一点，你可以使用一个事件或一个简单的故事。

现在，让我们讨论在课文A中作者是如何写开头段的。

火星人和金星人初次走到一起时，情感关系上面临诸多问题，正如今天地球上的男女关系一样。

他们认识到彼此之间有差异，因而能够将问题逐一解决。

他们成功的秘密之一，就在于有效的沟通。

显然，作者使用了最后一种介绍方法：使用事件或一个简单故事。

故事本来就很有趣。

他们吸引了读者的好奇心。

在你的介绍中，奇闻趣事会立刻抓住读者的兴趣。

火星人和金星人的故事十分有趣，足以吸引读者的注意。

另外，你使用的故事应该简短，这一点我们可以从作者那里学到。

否则，文章就会如图中的人一样——头大身子小。

最后，故事应该与你的主要观点相关。

换句话说，你所写的所有事实都应该支持你的论点。

故事中的事件可以是发生在你身上的真事，可以是你听说的，

也可以是你从报纸或杂志读到的。

在课文A中，第一段中的故事源于《男人来自火星，女人来自金星》。

关键词“火星人与金星人”、“不同”和“沟通”展示了故事与主旨之间的密切联系。

好的，基于我们所学的如何写介绍段的相关内容，请练习提高你的写作技能。

主题英语课程列表：

01 COLLEGE LIFE

-1.1 Lexical Chunks Expressing Aims

--1.1 Lexical Chunks Expressing Aims

--1.1 Discussion

-1.2 Sentence Patterns for Research

--1.2 Sentence Patterns for Research

-1.3 An Introduction to Essay Writing

--1.3 An Introduction to Essay Writing

-1.4 An Introduction to MOOCs

--1.4 An Introduction to MOOCs

-1.5 Chinese Dragons

--1.5 Chinese Dragons

--1.5 Discussion

-Test 01

02 A WORLD OF FAST FOOD

-2.1 Lexical Chunks for Dish, Flavor and Cookware

--2.1 Lexical Chunks for Dish, Flavor and Cookware

--2.1 Discussion

-2.2 Sentence Patterns for Describing Problems

--2.2 Sentence Patterns for Describing Problems

--2.2 Discussion

-2.3 Four Bases for Revising Essays (1): Unity and Support

--2.3 Four Bases for Revising Essays (1): Unity and Support

-2.4 The 8 Great Cuisines of China

--2.4 The 8 Great Cuisines of China

-2.5 Chinese Dumplings

--2.5 Chinese Dumplings

-Test 02

03 HEALTHY HABITS

-3.1 Lexical Chunks for Mental Health

--3.1 Lexical Chunks for Mental Health

--3.1 Discussion

-3.2 Three Most Common Types of Sentence-skills Errors in Writing

--3.2 Three Most Common Types of Sentence-skills Errors in Writing

-3.3 Point and Support in Essay Writing

--3.3 Point and Support in Essay Writing

-3.4 The Relationship Between Health and Stress

--3.4 The Relationship Between Health and Stress

-3.5 Acupuncture and Other TCM Therapies

--3.5 Acupuncture and Other TCM Therapies

--3.5 Discussion

-Test 03

04 PERSONAL HEROES

-4.1 Lexical Chunks for Giving Opinions

--4.1 Lexical Chunks for Giving Opinions

--4.1 Discussion

-4.2 Dependent-Word Fragments

--4.2 Dependent-Word Fragments

-4.3 Four Bases for Revising Essays (2): Coherence and Sentence Skills

--4.3 Four Bases for Revising Essays (2): Coherence and Sentence Skills

-4.4 Creative Problem Solving

--4.4 Creative Problem Solving

-4.5 Chinese Kung Fu

--4.5 Chinese Kung Fu

--4.5 Discussion

-Test 04

05 BILINGUAL EDUCATION

-5.0 Introduction: Bilingual Education

--5.0 Introduction: Bilingual Education

--5.0 Discussion

-5.1 Prefixes Related to Numbers

--5.1 Lexical Learning by Introducing Prefixes Related to Numbers

-5.2 Sentence Patterns for Giving Definitions

--5.2 Sentence Patterns for Giving Definitions

-5.3 How to Give Definitions in Essay Writing

--5.3 How to Give Definitions in Essay Writing

-5.4 The Importance of Language Learning

--5.4 The Importance of Language Learning

--5.4 Discussion

-5.5 Chinese Characters

--5.5 Chinese Characters

-Test 05

06 LOVE AND MARRIAGE

-6.0 Introduction: Love and Marriage

--6.0 Introduction: Love and Marriage

-6.1 Lexical Chunks: Cultural Words Related to Chinese Weddings

--6.1 Lexical Chunks: Cultural Words Related to Chinese Weddings

-6.2 Sentence Pattern: Should Passive Voice be Encouraged in Writing?

--6.2 Sentence Pattern: Should Passive Voice be Encouraged in Writing?

-6.3 How to Write a Supported Opinion Paragraph?

--6.3 How to Write a Supported Opinion Paragraph?

-6.4 Which is Your Idea of Marriage, Love-oriented or Money-oriented?

--6.4 Which is Your Idea of Marriage, Love-oriented or Money-oriented?

--6.4 Discussion

-6.5 Chinese Chopsticks

--6.5 Chinese Chopsticks

--6.5 Discussion

-Test 06

07 MONEY MATTERS

-7.0 Introduction: Budget

--7.0 Introduction: Budget

-7.1 Lexical Chunks: The Key Word “Deposit”

--7.1 Lexical Chunks: The Key Word “Deposit”

--7.1 Discussion

-7.2 Sentence Patterns on Expressing Purposes

--7.2 Sentence Patterns on How to Express Purposes

-7.3 Zooming in Expository Texts

--7.3 Reading and Scaffolding Expository Texts

-7.4 Spend Less? Earn More? Which Is the Better Path?

--7.4 Spend Less? Earn More? Which Is the Better Path?

-7.5 Chinese Seal

--7.5 Chinese Seal

--7.5 Discussion

-Test 07

08 SPACE IS THE PLACE

-8.1 Lexical Chunks for Space Exploration

--8.1 Lexical Chunks for Space Exploration

--8.1 Discussion

-8.2 Sentence Pattern: There be

--8.2 Sentence Pattern: There be

-8.3 Superordinate and Subordinate in Writing

--8.3 Superordinate and Subordinate in Writing

-8.4 Critical Thinking: Why Do We Explore Space?

--8.4 Critical Thinking: Why Do We Explore Space?

-8.5 Chinese Era

--8.5 Chinese Era

--8.5 Discussion

-Test 08

09 POPULATION AND IMMIGRATION

-9.1 Lexical Chunks for Immigration

--9.1 Lexical Chunks for Immigration

-9.2 Sentence Logic: Negation

--9.2 Sentence Logic: Negation

-9.3 Exemplification in Writing

--9.3 Exemplification in Writing

-9.4 Critical Thinking: Pros and Cons of Multiculturalism

--9.4 Critical Thinking: Pros and Cons of Multiculturalism

--9.4 Discussion

-9.5 Chinese Silk

--9.5 Chinese Silk

--9.5 Discussion

-Test 09

10 DISASTERS

-10.1 Lexical Chunks for Disasters

--10.1 Lexical Chunks for Disasters

-10.2 Sentence Writing: Inanimate Subject

--10.2 Sentence Writing: Inanimate Subject

-10.3 Essay Writing: A Drawing Opening

--10.3 Essay Writing: A Drawing Opening

-10.4 Critical Thinking: Humanity Vs Nature

--10.4 Critical Thinking: Humanity Vs Nature

--10.4 Discussion

-10.5 Chinese Classical Garden

--10.5 Chinese Classical Garden

--10.5 Discussion

-Test 10

11 A CAMPUS OF READERS

-11.0 Introduction: Reading habits

--11.0 Introduction: Reading habits

--11.0 Discussion

-11.1 Lexical Chunks for Favorite Readings

--11.1 Lexical Chunks for Favorite Readings

-11.2 Sentence Patterns for Sharing Reading Experience

--11.2 Sentence Patterns for Sharing Reading Experience

-11.3 From Assumption to Opinion in Essay Writing

--11.3 From Assumption to Opinion in Essay Writing

-11.4 Appreciation of “On Studies” by Francis Bacon

--11.4 Appreciation of “On Studies” by Francis Bacon

-11.5 Four Treasures of the Study

--11.5 Four Treasures of the Study

--11.5 Discussion

-Test 11

12 ALL TALK

-12.1 Lexical Chunks for Paraphrasing Advantages & Disadvantages

--12.1 Lexical Chunks for Paraphrasing Advantages & Disadvantages

-12.2 Sentence Patterns for Agreement & Disagreement

--12.2 Sentence Patterns for Agreement & Disagreement

-12.3 Presenting Different Ideas in Essay Writing

--12.3 Presenting Different Ideas in Essay Writing

-12.4 Debating: Lingua Franca--Beneficial or Detrimental?

--12.4 Debating: Lingua Franca--Beneficial or Detrimental?

--12.4 Discussion

-12.5 Chinese Antithetical Couplets

--12.5 Chinese Antithetical Couplets

--12.5 Discussion

-Test 12

13 THE SPIRIT OF COMPETITION

-13.0 Introduction: Unforgettable Events

--13.0 Introduction: Unforgettable Events

-13.1 Lexical Learning by Analyzing Prefix and Suffix

--13.1 Lexical Learning by Analyzing Prefix and Suffix

-13.2 Sentence Patterns for Describing Unforgettable Events

--13.2 Sentence Patterns for Describing Unforgettable Events

--13.2 Discussion

-13.3 Flashback in Story Writing

--13.3 Flashback When Writing a Story

-13.4 Interpreting Competitive Culture

--13.4 Interpreting Competitive Culture

-13.5 Chinese Weiqi

--13.5 Chinese Weiqi

--13.5 Discussion

-Test 13

14 FUN MATTERS

-14.1 How do you feel about extreme sports? List your reasons.

--14.1 Lexical Chunks for Extreme Sports

-14.2 How to Use Parallelism

--14.2 How to Use Parallelism

-14.3 How to Write a Concluding Paragraph

--14.3 How to Write a Concluding Paragraph

-14.4 Taking Risks

-14.5 Peking Opera

-Test 14

15 GENES AND PERSONALITY

-15.1 Lexical Chunks for the Relationship between Happiness and Happiness Genes

--15.1 Lexical Chunks for the Relationship between Happiness and Happiness Genes

-15.2 How to Expand the Basic Sentence with Participles and Participle Phrases

--15.2 How to Expand the Basic Sentence with Participles and Participle Phrases

-15.3 Comparison and Contrast

--15.3 Comparison and Contrast

-15.4 The Road to Happiness

--15.4 The Road to Happiness

--15.4 Discussion

-15.5 Chinese Taoism

--15.5 Chinese Taoism

--15.5 Discussion

-Test 15

16 DIFFERENCES IN COMMUNICATION

-16.1 Lexical Chunks for the Linguistic Difference between Men and Women

--16.1 Lexical Chunks for the Linguistic Difference between Men and Women

-16.2 How to Vary Sentences by Using Adverb Modifiers

--16.2 How to Vary Sentences by Using Adverb Modifiers

-16.3 How to Write an Introductory Paragraph

--16.3 How to Write an Introductory Paragraph

-16.4 How to Avoid Misunderstanding between Men and Women

--16.4 How to Avoid Misunderstanding between Men and Women

--16.4 Discussion

-16.5 Chinese Idioms

--16.5 Chinese Idioms

--16.5 Discussion

-Test 16

期末考试

-Final Test

16.3 How to Write an Introductory Paragraph在线视频

16.3 How to Write an Introductory Paragraph课程教案、知识点、字幕