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SCENARIO 场景

Now that you have watched the video about Forest City, think about the way that Country Garden Ltd, the developer, handled its interactions with community stakeholders, particularly the fishing villages up the coast from the site of the project. It tried to avoid preparing an EIA and a SIA, only to receive a mandate from the national government requiring the preparation of an EIA (in response to complaints from Singapore).

看过森林城市的视频后，想想开发商碧桂园公司是如何应对社区利益相关方，尤其是项目所在地的海边小渔村的。开发商试图逃避进行环境影响评估和社会影响评估，却被政府（在接到新加坡政府投诉后）强制要求进行环境影响评估和社会影响评估。

By the time Country Garden produced its Environmental Assessment, it had invested a substantial amount of money in its original conception of the project. When the EIA was completed, Country Garden had to modify the project design, compensate nearby communities, and make environmental “repairs.” This suggests that attempting to avoid preparing an EIA might end up costing more in the long run than it “saves” in the short run.

进行环境评估时，碧桂园公司已根据原有项目规划投入了大量资金。环境影响评估完成后，碧桂园公司不得不修改项目设计，对附近社区做出赔偿，并进行环境修复。由此可见，逃避环境影响评估虽然能在短期内节省成本，却有可能在长期内给公司造成更大损失。

Describe (1) the reasons that a developer might want to skip preparing an EIA and an SIA; (2) the costs or effects of not preparing an EIA or SIA, and (3) the problems likely to arise if an EIA or SIA is required after a project has begun. Please draw upon the readings, especially the Dealing with an Angry Public section when you answer these questions, particularly question three.

描述(1)开发商不想进行环境影响评估和社会影响评估的原因；(2) 不进行环境影响评估和社会影响评估的利弊；(3)项目启动后再进行环境影响评估和社会影响评估可能带来哪些问题。请参照阅读材料，尤其是“处理公众愤怒”一章中提到的内容进行答题。第三题尤其要用到阅读材料中的知识。

Learning goals 学习目标:  

EIA and SIA should not be seen as a burdensome requirement for developers but rather as an opportunity to initiate a process of trust building and relationship building with communities who will be real estate development partners. Both tools can also be used as a basis for structuring contingent agreements that can help to manage uncertainty. Trying to get around the use of these tools, even if they are not required by law, may end up being costlier than using them properly in the first place. 

开发商不应将环境影响评估和社会影响评估视为一种负担，而应将其视为一种在社区居民心中建立信任的机会，因为他们才是开发商未来进行地产开发的合作伙伴。开发商还可利用这两项评估拟定或有协议，进行不确定性管理。虽然法律并未强制要求环境影响评估和社会影响评估，但逃避这两项评估所造成的损失，有可能比一开始就认真完成这两项评估所花费的费用要高得多。

Responses to the Module 4 assignment should 完成第四单元作业时应该:

1. Explain why developers  think it is to their advantage to skip preparing and EIA or an SIA; 解释为什么开发商认为逃避环境影响评估和社会影响评估对他们是有利的

2. Describe the short term and long term costs (including intangible costs) associated with incorrectly using EIA and SIA; 阐述环境影响评估和社会影响评估不当造成的短期损失和长期损失。（包括无形损失）

3. Discuss the difficulties involved in having to produce an EIA or SIA after a project has begun; 讨论项目开始后再进行环境影响评估和社会影响评估会遇到哪些困难。

4. Describe the role of and approaches to dealing with an angry public. 阐述处理公众愤怒的作用和途径。