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4.3 Intangible Cultural Heritage of Chu Culture (Part 1)课程教案、知识点、字幕

三 楚文化渊源的非物质文化遗产

楚文化是中华文化中最具特色的一部分

它以独特的魅力对后世产生了深远的影响

湖北 湖南是楚文化的腹地

尤其在偏僻的湘鄂西一带

民间至今留存着楚文化的孑遗

下面 我们将介绍

入选国家级非物质文化遗产名录的

滩头年画 黄梅挑花和花瑶挑花

土家族织锦以及吊脚楼

感受其浓浓的楚文化遗风

滩头木版年画

滩头木版年画

是湖南省唯一的手工木版水印的年画

以浓郁的楚南特色而自成一派

滩头自古巫风盛行

民间祭祀活动甚为频繁

用于祭祀的纸马品种繁多

它的制作工艺与后来的木版年画

有着内在的传承关系

滩头木版年画从造纸到成品

都是在本地完成的

具有鲜明的地方特色

滩头木版年画的造型夸张 粗犷

求神似而不求形似

它对人物的刻画是

威武的大刀眉 圆滚的眼球

雄师般的鼻子 飘逸的美须

它将人物的威武形象 表现得淋漓尽致

在着色上面

滩头木版年画采用大块的

橘红 淡黄 玫瑰红与群青

以及翠绿 煤黑等色彩

形成强烈的色彩对比

极有湖湘的“辣味”

因为他们喜欢吃辣椒

在工艺上

它采用木版套色和手工绘制相结合的方法

人物面部常常是用手绘 即“开脸”

面部及嘴唇以红色渲染描绘

胡须以宽笔来勾画

这种技法以神像画最为典型

黄梅挑花与花瑶挑花

挑花 又名架子花 十字花

它广泛流传于湖北省的黄梅县

黄梅挑花又称为“彩挑”

就是用彩色的丝线来挑花

它以青布作底

用针将彩色的丝线挑在这个底布的

经纬的交叉线上

用明快的色彩组合

精巧的图案构想

形成色彩艳丽 立体感强的图案

凸显出独特的艺术表现力

它主要用在床单 被面 门沿

方巾 围腰等地方

其中以方巾最为出色

黄梅的女孩子她们从刚刚懂事起

就开始跟妈妈 跟婶婶一起学习挑花

一直要做到出嫁

从图案的形式上来看

黄梅挑花有大团花 小团花

角花和边花等

这幅图 中间是一个大团花

“团花”是挑花中运用最多的一种图案形式

它分为二旋 就是两边旋

还有四旋 四方都旋转

花瑶挑花

是湖南省隆回县瑶族女子中

流传的一种独特的手工工艺

隆回的瑶族

因为她的裙子上镶嵌有艳丽的挑花

和黑白相间的挑花

因此被人称为“花瑶”

瑶族的挑花女她不用事先描图的

她只是遵循土布的经纬走线

在上面用手工凭心来挑制

它多采用的纹样有图中套图的方式

花瑶挑花以动物纹为主

她的挑花构思奇巧 造型大胆

布局均衡对称 色彩黑白分明

具有强烈的视觉冲击力

沈从文先生称之为“世界第一流的挑花”

这是花瑶挑花围裙绣片《双狮对阵》

采用对称式的纹样

绣片上有一对威猛的狮子

这个狮子的腹内藏有小狮子

空白的地方有小鸟作填充纹样

这是花瑶的挑花《太狮少狮》

这是围裙上的黑白的挑花

这个图案中有大小两对不同的狮子

上面是太狮 下面是少狮

太狮威猛 少狮娇嫩

下部一道红边特别醒目

这是花瑶挑花《双蛇穿树》

它由两片合拼而成

纹样简洁而趋向写实

我们看这些蛇

它穿梭于这种树干之间

这些树的造型都有根

它把根部都画出来了

这是民间图形中间“求全”的造型手法

干栏式民居 土家族吊脚楼

吊脚楼是土家族人居住的场所

多依山就势而建

它以左青龙 右白虎

前朱雀 后玄武的方式来选屋场

后来他们又讲究朝向

或坐西朝东 或坐东朝西

依山的吊脚楼 在平地上用木柱撑起

它分上 下两层

上层通风 一般都是住人的

下层比较潮湿

是喂猪 关牛或者是放柴火等等杂物

这是原生态的土家族山寨

凌空翘起的吊脚楼

远远看去雄伟 壮观

Chinese Folk Motif Arts课程列表:

Unit 1. Folk Motifs: Basic Categories and Characteristics

-A brief introduction of the study unit

-1.1 The meaning of learning Chinese folk motifs

--1.1 The meaning of learning Chinese folk motifs

-1.2 A brief introduction of graph

--1.2 A brief introduction of graph

-1.3 The basic categories of Chinese folk motifs

--1.3 The basic categories of Chinese folk motifs

-1.4 The basic characteristics of Chinese folk motifs art

--1.4 The basic characteristics of Chinese folk motifs art

-1.5 Research on the questions and the motifs cases

--(1) Researches and case studies on motifs

--(2)Research on Traditional Motifs

-1.6 Unit assignment: thinking questions

--Question 1

--Question 2

-1.7 Online Quiz

--1.7 Online Quiz

-1.8 Expanded learning resources

--Embroidery of Guizhou Miao ethnic group (Video)

--The Magnificent Miao Ethnic Group: Wordless Book of Miao (Video)

--Chinese Folk Motifs(Graphics and images)

--Monographs

--Websites

--Reference Papers

Unit 2. Motif Arts : Modeling Methods and Aesthetic Significance

-A brief introduction of the study unit

-2.1 The modeling methods of folk motifs

--2.1 The modeling methods of folk motifs (Part 1)

--2.1 The modeling methods of folk motifs (Part 2)

-2.2 Aesthetic implication of folk motifs

--2.1 Aesthetic implication of folk motifs (Part 1)

--2.2 Aesthetic implication of folk motifs (Part 2)

-2.3 Research on the questions and the motifs cases

--Graphics cases 1

--Motifs cases 2

--Research on the questions

-2.4 Art Practice: Canton Embroidery

--Meet Canton Embroidery 1

--Meet Canton Embroidery 2

--Meet Canton Embroidery 3

-2.5 Unit assignment: Judgment and thinking questions

--Judgment questions

--Thinking question 1

--Thinking question 2

-2.6 Expanded learning resources

--My hereditary treasure: new year woodblock print made by Tai Liping (Video)

--Taohuawu new year woodblock print (Graphics)

--Monographs

--Reference Papers

Unit 3. Chinese Shadow Puppetry: Characters Developed by Scissors and Nicking Chisels

-A brief introduction of the study unit

-3.1 A Brief Introduction of Chinese Folk Paper Cut

--3.1 A Brief Introduction of Chinese Folk Paper Cut

-3.2 The craft of Chinese folk paper cut

--3.2 The craft of Chinese folk paper cut

-3.3 The techniques of expression of Chinese folk paper cut

--3.3 The techniques of expression of Chinese folk paper cut

-3.4 A brief introduction of Chinese shadow puppetry

--3.4 A brief introduction of Chinese shadow puppetry

-3.5 The artistic characteristics of Chinese shadow puppetry

--3.5 The artistic characteristics of Chinese shadow puppetry

-3.6 The modeling of Chinese shadow puppetry

--3.6 The modeling of Chinese shadow puppetry

-3.7 Art Practice: Paper Cut

--A Brief Introduction of Art Practice

--Traditional Chinese Paper Cutting : Butterfly

--Traditional Chinese Paper Cutting : Baby with twisted knors of har

--Paper-cut creative case (picture)

-3.8 Unit assignment: Paper Cut creation

--Paper Cut creation

--Question 1

--Question 2

-3.9 Online Quiz

--3.9 Online Quiz

-3.10 Expanded learning resources

--Paper-cut works (picture)

--Backstage performance of shadow play (video) (Ⅰ)

--Backstage performance of shadow play (video) (Ⅱ)

--Shadow play "Monkey Eating Peach"

--Analysis of Chinese Shadow Puppet Art

--Reference Papers

Unit 4. The Heritage of Chu Culture: Discovering the Intangible Cultural Heritage

-A brief introduction of the study unit

-4.1 The State of Chu and Chu Culture

--4.1 The State of Chu and Chu Culture

-4.2 Representative Graphics of Chu Culture Remains

--4.2 Representative Graphics of Chu Culture Remains

-4.3 Intangible Cultural Heritage of Chu Culture

--4.3 Intangible Cultural Heritage of Chu Culture (Part 1)

--4.3 Intangible Cultural Heritage of Chu Culture (Part 2)

-4.4 Research on the questions and the motifs cases

--Chu Culture Relics Graphics

--The motifs case : Tujia ethnic Brocade "Xilan Kapu"

-4.5 Art Practice: Decorative painting

--Art Practice: Decorative painting sketch

--Art Practice: Decorative painting modeling

--Art Practice: Decorative painting coloring

-4.6 Unit assignment

--4.6 Unit assignment

-4.7 Online Quiz

--4.7 Online Quiz

-4.8 Expanded learning resources

--Bronze ware, lacquerware, silk fabrics of Chu culture

--Yao ethnic bright-colored embroidery applique, Dong ethnic brocade

--Monographs

--Reference Papers

Unit 5. The Final Totem: The Mysteries Behind Folk Motifs of Various Ethnic Groups in China

-A brief introduction of the study unit

-5.1 Totem

--5.1 Totem (Part 1)

--5.1 Totem (Part 2)

-5.2 Panhu Worship

--5.2 Panhu Worship

-5.3 The Legends of Totem in Costumes

--5.3 The Legends of Totem in Costumes

-5.4 The Tattoos of the Li Ethnic Group

--5.4 The Tattoos of the Li Ethnic Group

-5.5 Art Practice: Tie-dye

--Introduction of Tie-dye

--Xiang Yunfang tie-dyeing (clamp-tie) video

--Xiang Yunfang tie-dyeing (bundle-tie) video

--Xiang Yunfang tie-dyeing (dog-paw flower) video

-5.6 Research on the questions and the motifs cases

--Totem problem exploration

--Traditional graphics cases:The "Hundred-bird Clothes" of the Miao ethnic in Guizhou

-5.7 Unit assignment: Tie-dye creation and thinking questions

--5.7 Unit assignment: Tie-dye creation and thinking questions

-5. 8 Expanded learning resources

--Miao embroidery in Taijiang (Video)

--The Magnificent Miao Ethnic: Who made life so glorious (Video)

--National costumes of southern China

--Guizhou Miao ethnic paper-cutting, Shui ethnic horsetail embroidery, Miao ethnic batik, Miao ethnic Embroidery

--Monographs

--Reference Papers

Unit 6. Chinese Folk Motifs and Chinese Wisdom

-A brief introduction of the study unit

-6.1 Philosophical Reflections on the Harmony of Taiji and “Yin and Yang”

--6.1 Philosophical Reflections on the Harmony of Taiji and “Yin and Yang”

-6.2 “Nine Palaces” and Its Spatial Layout

--6.2 “Nine Palaces” and Its Spatial Layout

-6.3 Plane Static Four-dimensional Space

--6.3 Plane Static Four-dimensional Space

-6.4 “Almorphism” of Batik Graphics

--6.4 “Almorphism” of Batik Graphics

-6.5 Ingenious Calculations by Folk Carpenters

--6.5 Ingenious Calculations by Folk Carpenters

-6.6 Research on the questions and the motifs cases

--Research on the questions and the motifs cases

--Introduction to Miao Batik (Video)

--Danzhai Batik - Painting Wax (Video)

-6.7 Unit assignment: thinking questions

--6.7 Unit assignment: thinking questions

-6.8 Online Quiz

--6.8 Online Quiz

-6.9 Expanded learning resources

--The image of dragon in Chinese folk motifs (graphic and image)

--Monographs

--Reference Papers

4.3 Intangible Cultural Heritage of Chu Culture (Part 1)笔记与讨论

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