8.1 Sports在线视频

Sports
运动

Part 1 Sports in the UK
英式运动

Hi, everyone,
大家好

what do you do when you have time?
当你有时间的时候你会做什么?

Listen to music, watch TV or do some sports?
听音乐 看电视还是做运动？

In this episode,
在这一章里

we will talk about the leisure activities
我们将谈论英国人和美国人的

of the British and Americans.
休闲活动

And we will begin with Sports.
我们将从运动开始

Sports play an important part in the life in Britain
运动在英国人的生活中扮演着重要的角色

and is a popular leisure activity.
是一种很受欢迎的休闲活动

Many of the world's famous sports
许多世界著名的运动都

began in Britain,
起源于英国

including?cricket,?football,?lawn tennis,?
包括板球 足球 草地网球

golf?and?rugby
高尔夫球和橄榄球

England's national sport is cricket?
英国的全国性运动是板球

although to many people football?
尽管对许多人来说足球

is seen as their national sport.
被看作是他们的全国性运动

Football is undoubtedly
足球无疑是英国

the most popular sport in England,
最受欢迎的运动

and it has been played for hundreds of years.
它已经有几百年的历史了

Some of England's football teams
英格兰的一些足球队

are world famous,
世界闻名

the most famous being?Manchester United,
最著名的是曼联

Arsenal and Liverpool.
阿森纳和利物浦

There is no United Kingdom national football team.
英国没有国家足球队

In the English Football League
英格兰足球联盟

there are 92 professional clubs.
有92个职业俱乐部

Hundreds of thousands of people
成千上万的人出于对足球的喜爱

also play football in parks and playgrounds
也会在公园和操场上

just for fun.
踢球

The highlight of the English football year
英国足球年的高潮是

is the FA Cup Final each May.
每年五月的足总杯决赛

Most English people
大多数英国人

will grow up following their home team;
都是从小开始看自己家乡的足球队长大

Sunday is the match day.
星期天是比赛日

The football fans would put on their football shirt
球迷会穿上他们的球衫

and head on down to the football stadium
与朋友和家人一起

to watch the match of the day with friends and family,
到足球场看比赛

or go to the local pub to watch the match on TV,
或者去当地的酒吧 看电视上的比赛

or even gather family together
甚至家庭聚集在

at their own home to cheer on the local team.
自己的家里 为当地球队喝彩

Beginning in at least the 1960s,
从20世纪60年代开始

the UK had a reputation worldwide
英国足球流氓行为在全球范围内

for football hooliganism,
声名狼藉

which means that
也就是指

disorderly, aggressive and often violent behaviour
在体育赛事中 观众的无序 好斗

of spectators at sporting events.
和暴力行为

And the hooliganism was often referred to
这种流氓行为被称为

as the English Disease.
英格兰的灾难

However,
然而

since the UK government
自从英国政府

has led a wide scale crackdown
开始大规模打击与足球相关的

on football related violence,
暴力活动以来

British football fans
英国球迷在海外的名声

now tend to have a better reputation abroad.
越来越好

Although reports of British football hooliganism
尽管有关英国足球流氓的报道

still surface,
仍会出现

the instances now tend to occur
但此类事件现在往往发生

at pre-arranged locations
在事先安排好的地点

rather than at the matches themselves.
而不是在比赛的时候

Rugby
橄榄球

Rugby originated from Rugby school in Warwickshire.?
橄榄球起源于沃里克郡的橄榄球学校

It is similar to football,
它类似于足球

but played with an oval ball.
但用的是椭圆形的球

Players can carry the ball and tackle each other.
球员可以带球和互相拦截

The best rugby teams compete
最好的橄榄球队会参加

in the Super League final each September.
每年九月举行的超级联赛决赛

For many years
多年来

Rugby was only played by the rich upper classes,
橄榄球运动只在富裕的上层阶级中流行

but now it is popular all over the country.
但现在它在全国各地都很流行

There are two different types of rugby
有两种不同类型的橄榄球

Rugby League, played mainly in the north of England,
联盟式橄榄球 主要流星于英格兰北部

and Rugby Union, played in the rest of England,
橄榄球联合会 在英格兰其他地区

Scotland, Wales and Ireland.
苏格兰 威尔士和爱尔兰盛行

England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland,
英格兰 苏格兰 威尔士和爱尔兰

together with France and Italy,
以及法国和意大利

play in an annual tournament called the Six Nations.
都参加了一年一度的“六国赛”

American Football
美式足球

derived from the English game of Rugby,
起源于英式橄榄球

also Baseball derived from the old English game
棒球也起源于古老的

of Rounders.
英式圆球运动

Tennis
网球

The world's most famous tennis tournament
世界上最著名的网球锦标赛是

is Wimbledon.?
温布尔登

It started at a small club in south London
它始于19世纪伦敦南部的

in the nineteenth century.
一个小俱乐部

It begins on the nearest Monday to June 22,
它会在最接近6月22日的星期一开始

at a time when English often have the finest weather.
那时英国的天气通常是最好的

Millions of people watch the Championships on TV live.
数以百万计的人通过电视直播观看了锦标赛

And it is traditional for visitors
观众在观看网球比赛时

to eat strawberries and cream
会吃草莓和奶油

whilst they watch the tennis.
这是一种传统

Horse racing
赛马

the sport of Kings
“国王的运动”

is a very popular sport?with meetings being held
是一项很受欢迎的运动

every day throughout the year.
一年到头每天都有比赛进行

The Derby originated here,
德比和

as did The Grand National
世界上最难的

which is the hardest horse race in the world.
全国赛马大赛都起源于此

Horse racing and greyhound racing
赛马和赛狗是

are popular spectator sports.
很受欢迎的观赏性运动

People can place bets on the races
人们可以在合法的

at legal off-track betting shops.
场外投注店下注

Some of the best-known horse races are held at Ascot,
一些最著名的马赛在英国爱斯科赛马场

Newmarket, Goodwood and Epsom.
纽马克特 古德伍德公园举行

Ascot, a small town in the south of England,
爱斯科特是英格兰南部的一个小镇

becomes the centre of horse-racing world
在6月的一个星期里

for one week in June.
成为赛马世界的中心

It's called Royal Ascot
它被称为皇家爱斯科特

because the Queen always goes to Ascot.
因为女王总是去爱斯科特

She has a lot of racehorses
她有很多赛马

and likes to watch racing.
并且喜欢看赛马

One last thing about the UK sport
有关英国体育的最后一件事

is its associated business.
是它的相关业务

There is a large market in the United Kingdom
在英国 博彩公司在竞技体育方面

for gambling on competitive sports at bookmakers,
有一个很大的市场

that is betting shops or licensed websites,
博彩商店或有执照的网站都有这个业务

particularly for horse,
主要是赛马

greyhound racing and football.
赛狗赛和赌球

The last of these also has an associated form
最后还有一种与之相关联的赌博形式

of gambling known as the football pools,
称为“足球池”

in which players win by correctly predicting
成员通过正确预测

the outcome of each week's matches.
每周比赛结果而获胜

Now, let's move on to the States across the ocean.
现在 让我们转到大洋彼岸的美国

Part 2 Sports in the US
美国的体育运动

Sports play an important role in American society.
体育在美国社会中有着重要的地位

They enjoy tremendous popularity
它们广受欢迎

but more important
但更重要的是

they are vehicles for transmitting such values
它们是传播正义 公平竞争

as justice, fair play, and teamwork.
和团队合作等价值观的载体

Sports have contributed to racial and social integration
体育运动促进了种族和社会的融合

and over history have been
纵观历史 体育运动一直是

a "social glue" bonding the country together.
把国家联系在一起的“社会粘合剂”

The United States offers limitless opportunities
美国给参与者和观众

to engage in sports
提供了无限

- either as a participant or as a spectator.
参与体育运动的机会

The typical American sports are baseball,
典型的美国运动是棒球

basketball and football,
篮球和足球

however, arose from games
然而 这些运动是由17世纪

that were brought to America by the first settlers
第一批从欧洲来到美国的移民

that arrived from Europe in the 17th century.
带来的

These games were re-fashioned
这些运动在19世纪

and elaborated in the course of the 19th century
被重新塑造和发展

and are now the most popular sports
变成美国最受欢迎的运动

in the United States.

Various social rituals
各种各样的社会习俗

have grown up around athletic contests.
因体育竞赛而产生

The local high school football or basketball game
对美国许多社区的居民来说

represents the biggest event of the week for residents
当地高中橄榄球或篮球比赛

in many communities across the United States.
是一周中最盛大的活动

American Football
美式足球

American Football
美式足球

is the most popular sport in America.
是美国最流行的运动

Pay attention that
注意

the football here is not the English football
这里的足球不是我们

we talked about in the previous part.
在上一部分谈到的英式足球

That is referred to as soccer in America.
这在美国被称为橄榄球

But football is more popular
橄榄球在美国南部

in Southern areas of America,
地区更受欢迎

Like Texas, Florida and California.
比如德克萨斯 佛罗里达和加利福尼亚

The People of America are not just watching
美国人民不仅仅是

the Football at their homes.
家里看橄榄球比赛

Fans are coming by the thousands
成千上万的球迷来到

to watch games on stadiums.
体育场观看比赛

Fans of major universities
各大高校和

and professional football teams
职业橄榄球队的

often gather in parking lots outside stadiums
球迷们通常会在比赛开始前

to eat a "tailgate" picnic lunch before kickoff,
聚集在体育馆外的停车场 吃一顿“尾门”野餐午餐

and for parties in front of television sets
在职业冠军赛“超级碗”比赛期间

in each other's homes during the Super Bowl,
球迷们会在彼此家的

the professional championship game.
电视机前聚会

The Super Bowl
超级碗

is the most popular single-day sporting event
是美国最受欢迎的

in the United States
单日体育赛事

and is among the biggest club sporting events
也是世界上电视观众人数

in the world
最多的俱乐部体育赛事

in terms of TV viewership.
之一

The National Football League makes approximately
美国国家橄榄球联盟

$10 billion each year.
每年的收入约为100亿美元

Super Bowl games
超级碗比赛

account for seven of the top eight
占据了美国历史上

most-watched broadcasts
收视率最高的8场

in American history;
比赛中的7场

the most recent Super Bowl, Super Bowl XLIX（49）,
最近的超级碗XLIX(49)

was watched by a record of 114.4 million Americans.
有1.144亿人观看的记录

Baseball
棒球

Baseball is the 2nd most popular sport in America.
棒球是美国第二受欢迎的运动

Baseball is also known
棒球也被称为

as United State's national pastime.
美国的消遣活动

In America,
在美国

there are two levels of baseball competition
棒球比赛分为两个级别

(1) minor league baseball
(1)小联盟棒球

(2) major league baseball
(2)大联盟棒球

in short:MLB.
简称:MLB

The highest level of baseball in the U.S.
代表美国最高水平的棒球队

is Major League Baseball.
是美国职业棒球大联盟

Thousands of baseball fans
每年冬天

flee the snow and ice of the North for a week or two
成千上万的棒球迷都会从寒冷的北方中来到

each winter by making a pilgrimage to training camps
美国南部和西南部的训练营

in the South and Southwest to watch up close
呆上一到两个星期

their favorite players
近距离观看他们喜爱的球员

prepare for the spring opening
为职业棒球赛季的春季开球做

of the professional baseball season.
准备

Popularity of Baseball is not just in America
棒球不仅在美国流行

but all over the world.
而且在全世界流行

Huge number of audience following baseball matches
在美国有大量的观众

in the States.
观看棒球比赛

Basketball
篮球

Basketball is the most popular sport in America
篮球是美国继足球和棒球之后

after football and baseball.
最受欢迎的运动

Basketball's competitions are organized
篮球比赛是由

under National Basketball Association
国家篮球协会组织的

that is the NBA.
即NBA

With estimated of 14,000 attendances per match
篮球是美国第三大最受欢迎的运动

Basketball is the 3rd most popular sport in America.
每场比赛约有14000人次观看

More Americans play basketball than any other team sport,
根据美国国家体育用品协会的数据显示

according to the National Sporting Goods Association,
美国人打篮球的人数比其他任何团体运动都多

with over 26 million Americans playing basketball.
超过2600万美国人打篮球

Individual competitions
个人赛伴随着团队运动的

accompanied the growth of team sports.
发展而发展

Shooting and fishing contests
射击和钓鱼比赛是

were part of the colonial experience,
殖民时期发展起来的运动项目

as were running, boxing, and horse racing.
跑步 拳击和赛马也是如此

Golf and tennis emerged in the 1800s.
高尔夫和网球诞生于19世纪

Recent decades have given birth
近几十年来

to a wide variety of challenging activities and contests
诸如帆板运动 山地自行车运动

such as sail boarding, mountain biking, and sport climbing,
和运动攀岩等运动都诞生了

collectively referred to as "extreme sports".
这些运动统称为“极限运动”

Did you know?
你知道吗？

The first set of laws of football,
1863年英格兰足球协会的创立

or soccer as it is known in the US,
开创了美国的

date from the formation of The Football Association
第一套足球规则

in England in 1863.
也就是人们所知的足球

Wimbledon is the
温布尔登从1877年开始举办

oldest of all the major tennis tournaments
是所有主要网球赛事中最古老的

beginning in 1877.
比赛

The rewards of prize money began in 1968
1968年开始有奖金

when the total purse allocated was ￡26,150
当时总金额为26150英镑

about $40,000.
约为40000美元

The online sports betting market in the UK
英国在线体育博彩市场

is estimated to be worth ￡650 million .
估计价值6.5亿英镑

The total online gambling population in the UK
据估计英国的在线赌博用户

is estimated at 2.1 million customers
总数为210万

Kobe Bryant is the highest paid basketball players
科比・布莱恩特是2016年联盟中

in the league in 2016?.
收入最高的篮球运动员

In his last year of contract with the Lakers
在他现役湖人队的最后一年里

he will receive 25 million Euros
他的收入是2500万欧元