Chapter 7 Part 1-1在线视频

Hello

everyone

I'm LiuJuan from Capital Medical University

Welcome to our English for presentations

at international medical conferences

Now we have come to delivery and performing part

We're going to talk about Chapter 7

delivering a presentation

This chapter will help you speak more clearly

present more persuasively

understand more deeply

communicate more effectively

and make connections more easily

This chapter includes 5 parts

also they are 5 stages of academic presentations

They are beginning

Materials and Methods

Results and Discussion

Conclusions and Ending

Acknowledgments

Let’s look at what to say and to do

at each stage of presentation

Part one Beginning

Objectives

upon completion of this section

you are expected to know

the function of the beginning part

of a presentation

Number two

get familiarized with suggested ways

to begin a presentation

Number three

grasp useful phrases on how to begin a presentation

Now let's look at the function part

A good beginning makes for a good ending

This is also true for academic presentation

Approaches to opening vary according to

different speakers and situations

First impressions are lasting

You never get a second chance

to create of good first impression

The truth is

when you start your speech

you must focus on making a positive

first impression on your audience

Your opening often determines how long

the audience will “tune in” to your presentation

If you bore your audience right from the start

they begin shifting in their seats

they begin shifting in their seats

checking their phones

reading the program

talking to one another or doing anything

but paying attention to you

There is little chance that your message

will effectively get across

Now

let's look hard to the suggested ways

to start a presentation

There are many tips and strategies

presenters can use

but the followings are most powerful ones

that good presenters

have used over the years

Hopefully

they will help you to nail the beginning

of your next presentation

One

start your presentation

by getting attention from the audience

Getting your audience’s attention

from the beginning is the most important thing

you can do in starting a presentation

How you introduce yourself and

how the audience react to your introduction determine

at least 30% of the success of your presentation

The audience forms their impressions

of a presenter within approximately 90 seconds

after which it is difficult

to change their opinion

Remembering the importance of capturing

the attention of who you’re speaking to

will set you up for

many other strategies we convey

Two

Welcome audience with a “thank you”

and start your presentation by appreciation

Welcoming your audience with a “thank you”

or “thanks for coming”

shows both sincerity and appreciation

and additionally establishes

the sense of community with your audience

If the greetings and appreciation

used in the beginning of your speech

are modest and sincere

they may establish good will

as well as gain attention

Before the speaker comes to the platform

the chairperson of the conference or session

usually makes a brief complementary introduction

about the speaker

So

it is appropriate

for the speaker to express thanks

to the chair and greet the participants

of the same professional field

Let's look at some examples

However

avoid excessive and hollow compliments

Audiences are quick to sense a lack of genuineness

Audiences are quick to sense a lack of genuineness

on the part of the speaker

and they may react unfavorably

toward any false sentiments

Three

Memorize first opening line

It is a good idea to memorize

the beginning 4 ~10 sentences

This is critical

because it allows you to feel confident

and ride the wave of confidence

as you continue your presentation

The best presenters typically practice

and memorize the beginning

and ending of their talks

Four

Start your presentation straightforward

To come straight to the point without

any roundabout statement

is the most commonly used approach

for example

Five

State your purpose of presentation

and your way to deal with questions

Generally

your audience will know your purpose

or why you’re there

but you have to make it clear to them

For example

In this presentation I am going to discuss

some findings of an international project

Always remember to let the audience know

how you will handle questions

Simply give them the free will to ask questions

when they best see fit

For example

I will welcome your comments at the end

In my presentation

if you have any questions

just raise your hand and let me know

During my talking

if you have any questions

don’t hesitate to ask

I’d be really interested in hearing your questions

when I finish the presentation

Six

Ask the audience questions direct or rhetorical

To start a presentation

you can begin with direct questions

to the audience

It’s a great way to wake up their senses

get them engaged

and get you more connected with them

If you use this technique

wait for a maximum of two seconds

and then continue

Seven

Use “suppose

Use “suppose

imagine

think of

close your eyes”

to get the audience to imagine a situation

One powerful way used by many speakers

is getting the audience to

imagine or think of something

This technique can be useful

in starting off a presentation

Without introducing yourself

or the topic of your presentation

make your first word

of your presentation

“Suppose ”

and then give the audience a hypothetical

situation which relates both to the audience

situation which relates both to the audience

and to the topic of your research

Eight

Show of hands

poll the room

Many presenters get the audience

to raise their hands in response

and create context and commonality

As with the question technique

and give the instruction

such as Hands up if

Raise your hands if

then wait for a maximum of two seconds

before you continue

Nine

Tell a joke

Academic paper presentations

are usually taken quite seriously

Telling a joke to elicit laughter

from the audience can be a way

to lighten the room

and become more connected with the audience

Humor relaxes both speakers

and audience

and provides attention to the change of pace

Don’t overdo this

as it can steer people away from your purpose

but proper usage of this technique

can be effective in starting any presentation

Look at the following opening examples

It should be pointed out that

although the opening could be humorous

and diversified on casual occasions

it cannot go too far astray

or be irrelevant to the subject

Be aware of digression

and avoid telling a joke

just for the sake of telling a joke

Ten

Statistics and the data

Use statistics and data to further your points

Statistics can be boring

but if there is some compelling information

that can help further the conversation

statistics and data can be a powerful tool

whether used at the very beginning

or end of the presentation

Your statistics

need to relate to your audience’s

capacity to understand them

Eleven

Say something personal about yourself

Tell an anecdote about yourself

if no one introduces your background

you may introduce yourself

you may introduce yourself

briefly to establish credibility

You can introduce how you first

became interested in the topic

what you particularly like about this

area of research

where you work

what is special about it

what hypotheses you wanted to test

why you chose this

particular method for testing them

what you achieved

what impact this might have on your field

a particular event that

a particular event that

took place during the research

an unexpected problem

a counter-intuitive result etc

a counter-intuitive result

etc

You can also show the audience your enthusiasm

for the topic

tell them what amazes

and excites you about your research

and when you talk about your passion

for your work

your face will automatically light up

and you voice will be animated

the audience will thus be more engaged

twelve

Tell your audience a story

Story-telling is a better way

to connect with the audience

Many great presenters use this technique

and it remains one of the most critical pieces

for an effective presenter

The presenters often start

a scene in the far past

or in the future and then always connect

it back to the main story

This is a power tool to arouse

the attention of the audience

Thirteen

Quote someone

Quoting someone is a good way

to start a presentation

Just be sure to make it relevant

to the purpose of your presentation

If you're using slides

adding a picture of the person

you are quoting to

will add more texture and breadth

to your presentation

Fourteen

Start with video

Video remains a powerful way

to begin a presentation

But keep in mind

that it should be used sparingly

for the video is used to further your message

not overtake your message

Fifteen

Start by explaining

why you are on behalf of someone else

Occasionally

the presenter himself/herself may not be

able to be present

at the conference due to various reasons

In such cases

three measures could be taken

cancel

the particular presentation from the agenda

change the oral presentation into a poster display

or ask someone else to present the paper

While making a presentation

on behalf of someone else

the speaker should first ask

for permission from the chairperson

and explain to the audience

about the background if necessary

let's look at

examples

The last one

we also have some miscellaneous points

to bear in mind

Do not lower

audience expectations by apologizing

for the quality of your presentation

or of your knowledge of English

Do not put your hands together

or locate them as they are covering a fig leaf

or rub them together

as if you were a magician

When you get up to start

your presentation try to smile

and keep your eyes on the audience

Do not look up at the ceiling

or down at the floor

Do not speak in a halting voice

These give the impression that

you can’t remember what to say

Have a quick glance at your notes

rather than looking behind you

to remember what is on your slide

Audiences like positive enthusiastic presenters

so

don’t joke or say anything negative

about the location of the congress

the organization

or about the local people

and the local infrastructure

This may amuse

some members of the audience

but

alienate others

particularly those who live locally