Chapter 5 Part 2在线视频

Three

Have a positive attitude

Although few of us is a born presenter

you will probably have specialist knowledge

and considerable experience in your field

and the love of your research

With these qualities, you will build up confidence

and the audience will be convinced

that you know what you are talking about

even if your English is not perfect

Four

Thoroughly prepare and vocally practice

Practice before a speaking event will help you

feel more confident about what you’re going to say

and how you’ll say it

The following might be helpful

First

Number your note cards

They'll be easy to put back

in order if you drop them

Second

Be vocally prepared

When you are nervous

you tend to talk too quickly or too softly

Speaking too quickly or softly

makes it hard for your audience to understand you

Third

Speak to the back of the room

and picture your voice

Consciously insert pause and breaths

into your speech by marking them in your notes

Fourth

Pause at the right place

Remember that silence is a powerful rhetorical tool

that serves you as well as your listeners

who need time to digest what you're saying

Fifth

Avoid trying to memorize every word

Attempting to do so will simply increase stress

and cause greater nervousness

Sixth

Avoid reading word for word

Avoid reading your presentation

word for word from a script

There's a BIG difference between reading and speaking

Dry reading disseminates information

and often at the risk of the audience tuning out

Speaking is creating an impact

with your content and personality

so that not only is your message understood

your professional profile rises

Five

Use shorter phrases

write in simple sentences and use easy grammar

As you practice make your phrases short

Short phrases give you time to pause quickly

and to breathe between two phrases

You can try to use simple sentences

that do not involve complex grammar

Complicated forms

such as conditionals and continuous forms

are not generally required

You could probably manage by the present tense

past tense and the future tense

Six

Learn relaxation techniques

Do some physical exercises

and warm up your body before you begin

Exercise reduces tension and helps you concentrate

Getting a little bit of physical activity

before your presentation will help you

get rid of excessive nervous energy

First

Breathe in deeply

Second

Exercise your jaw

Third

elax or warm your neck and shoulder muscles

Fourth

Get enough sleep and have a good meal

Fifth

Try taking a walk outside

doing arm circles

or stretching gently

Seven

Check out your presentation venue

It is advisable to get familiar

with the roomin the meeting venue

Visit the space ahead of time

Get as many details as you can about the room

the audience, the equipment

your time constraints, etc.

Make sure

First

How far you are from the audience

Second

How loud you will have to speak

Third

Whether you will need a microphone

Fourth

Whether you will have a podium

Fifth

Where you will stand

so that the audience can always see you and

you don’t trip over any wires

Sixth

How the remote control works

Seventh

How effective the laser pointer is

try the main functions

such as blank, hide, mute and no show

Eighth

Whether chalk and pens are available

for the blackboard

Nineth

Whether you need a watch

or is there a big clock at the back of the room

Tenth

Someone is going to introduce you

or you will need to introduce yourself

Eight

Prepare for forgetting what you want to say

A frequent problem occurring during presentation is

forgetting what you want to say

If you get stuck, don't panic

You can

First

Drink some water and use this time to remind yourself

Second

Breathe, look at your notes

and use key word outlines

to get you back on track

Third

Say "I am sorry I can't think of the word

In any case ..."

And then you simply proceed with the next point

When you forget where you are during the presentation

the following might be of some help

First

Sorry, what was I saying ...

Second

Where were we up to?

Can anyone remind me...?

Third

Sorry , I've lost track of what I was saying...

Fourth

Sorry, I seem to have forgotten what I was saying ...

Nine

Prepare for the software or the equipment breaking down

Yes, there's a good chance

that your PowerPoint will crash

but all hope is not lost

PPT is not always reliable

Test that everything works appropriately in advance

Do have a backup plan

such as handouts, overheads, etc.

The audience will appreciate your ability to

recover with grace and keep the presentation moving

despite technical difficulties

Ten

organize your time

Presentations rarely go according to plan

just because frequently the previous presenter

goes over his/her allocated time

so that you have less time to do your presentation

In this case

You can

First

Practice with a stopwatch

Do this often enough

that you get a sense of timing

Second

Know exactly how much time you need

for each part of your presentation

Write down the finishing time on a piece of paper

and have the paper beside your laptop

Third

Put your most important points

in the first half of the presentation

not in the second half or near the end

Fourth

Think in advance what slides you could cut

particularly those in the latter part of the presentation

Fifth

Plan how to reduce the amount

you say for particular slides

Sixth

Don't suddenly say "I will have to stop here."

Instead, make a brief conclusion

if you don't run out of time

Seventh

Share an extra story or example

or answer more questions and have a longer

Q&A session at the end of the presentation

if you finish earlier

Part five Practice

Question one

What are the types of body language?

Question two

How does body language help us in presentation?