Chapter 10 Part 2在线视频

Three

organizing discussions

an essential component of a chair person's work

an essential component of a chair person's work

is to organize a discussion

where ideas can meet and

sparkles of innovations

can most probably be nurtured

Success of the discussion session

reflects the effectiveness

of a Presider's effort

The following tasks are for presiders to cope with

important scenarios in organizing a discussion

Calling on participants

A presider needs to encourage the participants

to join more actively in the discussion

when they hesitate to speak out

especially at the beginning of a discussion

especially at the beginning of a discussion

Direct questions to invite participation

such as the following may stimulate them

to be more active

Example eleven

ladies and gentlemen

are there any questions concerning Dr Liu's talk

Just now

Please be bold and speak your thoughts out

What about you young lady

I see you are being curious

and quite attentive all the time

and quite attentive all the time

example 12

as we still have a few minutes in hand

May I ask if there are any questions

for the speaker

Example 13

are there any more questions

I see somebody with a question there

OK

now

sir

you have the microphone

Reminding speakers

medical conferences are usually tight in schedule

to cope with the agenda

A preseident needs to steer

the discussion back on course

when it goes beside the points

or gets overly heated on one topic alone

On one topic alone

He should remind the speakers of the topic

under discussion and then guide to the talk

to the desired direction

A presider may achieve this goal like this

Example 14

well

I'm afraid we have gone beyond

the range of our presenting topic

Now let's get back to the main theme

Shall we

Example15

Well

I believe we all are quite

interested in this topic

which shall be further discussed

some time later

Now let's shift our attention to a new issue

as the latest advancement

in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases

presented by Dr Liu

Moderating disputes

A chair person

also needs to moderate disputes

when speakers cross swords over one issue

it is common for scholars

to hold different ideas

The chairperson should stay impartial

either by taking an objective view

of both sides of the dispute

or by shifting attention to some other issues

and leaving the dispute

to a proper occasion to settle

He may achieve this goal like this

example 16

Any comments regarding points

debated by Dr Liu and Dr Zhou

well

well

it seems that we do have an unsettled

it seems that we do have an unsettled

problem here

as it's still early and we are

a bit ahead of the schedule.

Let's have a fair discussion over the issue

Shall we

Example17

it seems that the difference cannot be

resolved for the moment

Can we just move on to the next

point and leave this dispute

to the next session

Generalizing main points

Like summarizing a presentation

it is also important

for presider to narrow down the discussion

to several main points

as opinions exchanged

during the discussion

can be various and lose

A good presider

should take the responsibility to guide

lead and summarize the discussion

so as to keep audiences on track

He may fulfill this task like this

Example18

The opinions we have discussed can be

summarized into two main positions

as one being A another being B

Example 19

Our discussion so far covers the following

three points as A B and C

Do's and don'ts

A presider must always closely

monitor the discussion

while audiences might be absent

minded occasionally

it is vital for presider to stay close

it is vital for presider to stay close

to the ongoing development of the Conference

and to smoothly steer the discussion

here is what a presider must do

One have a clear agenda

A clear structure of the cheering task

may greatly reduce the working load

when chairing the meeting

as it may provide a presider

the outline of each presentation

the outline of each presentation

and questions that might be asked

by the audiences

Two using authoritative voice when chairing

An authoritative tone conveys confidence and control

talk low and slow

Keeping a natural posture when facing disputes

4

Extending appreciation and closing a conference

Thanking the speakers

after a presenter finishes his or her presentation

and the discussion the chair person

should express thanks to the speaker

by appreciating his contribution

to field of research

All the significance of his findings

He may do so like this

Example20

Thank you

Dr Liu

for your insightful talk into the latest

trend in the prevention

of cardiovascular diseases

we've definitely gained a deeper understanding

of the issue and problems lying ahead

Closing a meeting

A presider should close the meeting properly

when the agenda is finished

with expressions such as

Example21

That covers all on today's agenda

Ladies and gentlemen

let's call it a day

Thank you for your time and effort

and we will meet again

at the same time tomorrow

for our next session

Have a nice evening

Four practice

Team project

Form a group of ten students

and the ten students will stimulate

the complete process of the parallel session

of an academic conference

on any theme of interest

there would be a presider

four speakers and five audiences

The session would last for twenty minutes

Please have a thorough discussion

on the agenda

and act out the session