Chapter 13 Part 1在线视频

Hello

everyone

I am TaoXin from Capital Medical University

Now we're going to talk about

chapter twelve figures

Part one introduction

figure is present either primary evidence

clinical images

photographs

diagrams

illustrations and textual figures

or numerical data graphs

This section introduces four types of figures

commonly reported in medical papers

with examples from the foreign medical journals

Lancet Djama

New England Journal of Medicine

and British Medical Journal.

One diagram

diagram is a type of non statistical figure

containing only text

is mostly used for describing steps of a procedure

or a summarizing got lines

It is usually used to describe

how participants were selected

or how cities were collected

Figure one is taken from clinical presentation

treatment and shortterm outcomes

of a lung injury associated with

e cigarettes or vaping

A prospective observational cohort Study

published on Lancet

This figure describes how patients

with long injury

associated with easy grades or raping

were screened

admitted to hospital and treated

in this cohort study

The figure title precisely and adequately

describe the three stages

This figure is effective

as

First

the layout is easy to read and size of

letters and symbols were carefully chosen

to withstand photographic reduction

to column or page width

in the printed journal

the title goes above

While legend comes below the figure

Texting the boxes give clear descriptions

of numbers of participants

and treatments they underwent

in detail

including types of medicine

doses and durations

mostly in the phrase structure of

now plus past participle

Three

consistency is achieved

through use of identical sentence

structures in parallel boxes

The same word font and style

4 sample sizes

consistent with those reported in the text

Five

acronyms ICU

explained in a legend to ensure that the figure

could be understood independent of the text

This figure is referred to in the text ass

As we have learned in the results

section

authors are not expected to report data

both in the text and the figures and tables

but important data can be emphasized

We can see authors report

The total number of patients referred

those excluded

and finally included in the text

and at the same time

refer readers to the figure

for further detailed information

By means of a parenthesis

Only data related to the sample size

of the steady is given in the text

The next figure is selected from a randomized trial

of easy grads versus nicotine

Replacement therapy

published on

New England Journal of Medicine

uses another sentence structure

All in sentences

to describe the procedure

no matter we are describing the process with

sentences or phrases

remember to be consistent

We can also see that ulcers reported the total number

of patients screened and randomized

with descriptions of number of patients

in East regret Group

and nicotine replacement group

respectively

In the text

Also

we can notice in the legends of the figure

Authors refer readers

to supplementary appendix

for reasons

For ink eligibility

they also described further experimental

details concerning participants in each group

This ensured the figure

to be understood independent of the text

Two graphs

Graphs are suitable for presenting relationships

whereas no statistical figures

which visually present information

that does not contain data

are used to confirm findings

or provide explanatory information

In statistical figures

selecting a graphical format

including bar graph

line graphs

and scatter plot

is done according to the type of relationship

that authors wish to communicate

For example

line graphs are appropriate

for showing trends and bar graphs will magnitudes

this lecture mainly focuses on the three most

common graph types

used in medical papers

bar graph

line graph

line graph

scatter plot

One bar graph

bar graphs are used when you wish to

compare the value

of a single variable

usually

a summary values such as a mean

Among several groups

For example

a bar graph is appropriate to

show the mien sizes of plants

harvest it from plots

that received four different fertilizer treatments

Note that although a bar graph

might be used to show differences

between only two groups

especially for pedagogical purposes

added herself

many journals would prefer that you save

space by presenting such information in the text

The following example figure is taken from the article

ibrutinib

and venetoclax

for first line treatment of CLL

This is a composite figure

including two panels A and B

The two are both signaled

with a brief title

and demarcated with a line in between

composite figures

are placed vertically rather than horizontally

Title of the composite figure should include

description of both panels

Also the figure legends

should give details concerning both

individual figures

as is clearly illustrated in this example

Let's focus on the second figure in this composite

This is an effective figure for the following reasons

The legend goes below the figure

a period follows figure one and the legend itself

Figure is not abbreviated

The measured variable is labeled on the Y axis

patient with a response with units given

percentage

the categorical variable

different time points of the treatment cycles

Plus medicine

is labeled on the X axis

with a sample size

and each category is designated

A second categorical variable

complete remission whistle without normal

blood count recovery

partial remission

an undetectable MRD

in bone marrow

within responses

has been designated by different barfield color

The bar colors are defined

in a key located within the graph

The colors allow

clear distinctions to be made between datasets

The legend explains the time for

the measurements of patient responses

In the legend

present tense is used for describing the figure

while past tense is used to describe procedures

Let's look at how the figure is reported

in the efficacy in results

subsection in the results section

The description of the figure

is well done in this text

We can see that the authors did not

repeat any data in the figure

but acutely points out

the trend shown by the figure

Most responses were partial

after the mono Therapy

And the proportions of patients

who are surely recovery

increased

over time with the use of combination therapy

Actually

we do not expect the readers

to interpret the figures themselves

So in our writing

the text we need to summarize and highlight

the most outstanding features

reflected in the figures

2 scatter plots

Scatter plots are applause of X,

Y coordinates

showing each individual's

or sample score on two variables

When plotting data in this way

were usually interested in knowing

whether the two variables

show a relationship

that is

do they change

in value together in a consistent way

when one variable is clearly

dependent upon another

For example

height depends on age

but it is hard to imagine

depending our height

the convention is to plot the dependent variable

on the Y axis

and the independent variable on the X axis

This figure is selected from the article

diagnostic performance of

Creativity based equations

for estimating

gloomier thriller for tuition rate in adults

Sixty five years and older

Published on JAMA

Internal Medicine

The study aims to evaluate

the performance of four plasma

creatinine baized equations

In older adults of different

age groups and different security levels

The figure is effective for the following reasons

the title is in the form of now phrase applause

prepositional phrase

being informative and concise

Each axis is labeled

including units where appropriate

and enclosed numbered and minor text

to allow easy determination

of the values of plotted points

The regression line is plotted on a graph

to indicate the relationship between the variables

Explanations of the lines are given in the figure

Legend

statistical significance is also given in the legend

the range of each axis

has been carefully selected

to maximize the spread of the points

and to minimize wasted blank space

where no points for

Styles are consistent between

plots in the composite figure

Let's look at how the figure is reported

In the concordance correlation coefficient

subsection in the results section

the author's generalized from the data

and pointed out that noCCC

was greater than Zero Point 9

and identified the equation that

had the lowest ccc

There's provider interpretation

instead of repetition of the data

Three line graphs

line graphs plot a series of related values

that depict a changing Y as a function of X

Two common examples are

a growth curve for an individual

or a population over time

and a dose response curve of

showing effects of increasing doses

of a drug or treatment

This figure is selected from the article

prevalence of cervical disease at age twenty

after immunization with

bivalent HPV vaccine at age twelve or thirteen

In Scotland

Retrospective population steady

published on the British Medical Journal

The figure is effective for the following reasons

the title in the form of Noun phrase

plus Prepositional phrase

specifying the two variables

that his year of birth and immunization status

clearly conveys the content of the figure

Different symbols

Types and colors of lines

are used to distinguish immunization status

and the key to the symbols is

placed in the body of the graph

where space permits

The symbols are large enough to

be easily recognizable in a final Graf size

How different years of birth

fit into the cohorts

are clearly described in the legend

Whiskers are applauded for each

point and defined in the legend as well

Abbreviations are explained in the legend

Each plot in the compound figure is

signaled with a key worried

The title of this figure is given at the top

which is according to the style

of this specific journal

The figure is are reported in the

psychological outcomes subsection

in the results section

The text

as we can see

combines description of both figures and tables

with trends and relationships from figures

and exact numbers from tables

so we can see the different functions

of tables and figures

and the different ways data were reported