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The types and pathologic changes of essential hypertension课程教案、知识点、字幕

原发性高血压的类型与病理变化

良性高血压进展慢

又称缓进性高血压

恶性高血压进展快

故又称急进性高血压

我们通常讲的高血压

指的就是良性高血压

良性高血压的病理变化

根据其病理变化的过程

可以分为三个时期

第一 机能紊乱期

第二 动脉病变期

第三 内脏病变期

具体表现

一 机能紊乱期

表现是全身细小动脉痉挛

那么这时候病人

是血管处在紧张的状态

血压可以增高

但是经过休息

它可以恢复

因此血压是有所波动的

而全身的血管

尤其细小动脉

没有出现器质性的变化

第二 动脉病变期

由于内皮受损使得血浆蛋白

沉积到血管内膜下

而引起细小动脉硬化

它主要是由于

血管长期的痉挛

使得内皮细胞缺氧

内皮细胞受损而使得血浆蛋白

沉积到内膜下

导致细小动脉的硬化

三 内脏病变期

主要表现在心 脑 肾

心脏由于外走循环阻力增高

而使心肌肥大

而引起高血压心脏病

早期表现的是代偿性的心肌肥大

后期失代偿表现是

远心性的心肌肥大

表现肾小球入球小动脉硬化

致使相应的肾小球缺血萎缩

纤维化

而引起原发性的细颗粒固缩肾

出现脑水肿 脑软化

脑出血等高血压脑病

高血压脑病可以表现为是

脑软化 脑出血和脑水肿

现在我们这里看到的就是一个

脑出血

常常发生在内囊附近

急进型高血压的病理变化

病变表现一

坏死性细动脉炎

细动脉发生纤维素样坏死

形成的机制主要是

免疫复合物沉积于血管壁

而引发的变态反应

增生性小动脉炎

和闭塞性的小动脉炎

是在坏死性小动脉炎的上边

血管的疤痕修复

而导致纤维组织增生

形成的增生性血管炎

致使小血管完全闭塞

表现为是闭塞性的小动脉炎

这时候

小动脉的横截面

出现葱皮一样的结构

累及部位主要有肾小球动脉

肾小叶间动脉

脑小动脉

起病急骤 临床进展快

心 脑 肾病变发生早

多见于中青年

与良性高血压无关

某些病人伴有良性高血压

是因为病人在发病前

本身已经患有良性高血压

Gateway to Medicine: An Introduction to the Field of Medicine课程列表:

CH01 Smog and Lung Diseases

-01-The basic condition of the air

--The basic condition of the air

-02-What is smog and its influence to the body

--What is smog and its influence to the body

-03-The structure and the function of human respiratory system

--The structure and the function of human respiratory system

-04-How the smog cause the human respiratory system disease

--How the smog cause the human respiratory system disease

-05-Asthma

--Asthma

-Exercise 01

-06-COPD

--COPD

-07-Lung cancer Ⅰ

--Lung cancer Ⅰ

-08-Lung cancer Ⅱ

--Lung cancer Ⅱ

-Exercise 02

CH02 Pregnancy and Delivery

-01 Dissection of genital organs

--Dissection of genital organs

-Exercise 01

-02 The formation of embryo and fetal appendage

--The formation of embryo and fetal appendage

-Exercise 02

-03 Characteristic of embryonic and fetal development

--Characteristic of embryonic and fetal development

-04 Maternal changes during pregnancy

--Maternal changes during pregnancy

-05 Four factors that affect childbirth

--Four factors that affect childbirth

-06 Mechanism of labor

--Mechanism of labor

CH03 Children’s nutrition requirement and infant feeding

-01 The energy requirement and the metabolic characteristics of kids

--The energy requirement and the metabolic characteristics of kids

-02 Need of the nutrition and metabolism of kids Ⅰ

--Need of the nutrition and metabolism of kids Ⅰ

-Exercise 01

-03 Need of the nutrition and metabolism of kids Ⅱ

--Need of the nutrition and metabolism of kids Ⅱ

-Exercise 02

-04 Guided feeding of infant Ⅰ

--Guided feeding of infant Ⅰ

-Exercise 03

-05 Guided feeding of infant Ⅱ

--Guided feeding of infant Ⅱ

-06 Guided feeding of infant Ⅲ

--Guided feeding of infant Ⅲ

CH04 Get to know about tumor

-01 Introduction

--Introduction

-02 What is tumor

--What is tumor

-03 The general shape of tumor

--The general shape of tumor

-04 The atypia of the tumor

--The atypia of the tumor

-05 Name and classification of the tumor

--Name and classification of the tumor

-Exercise 01

-06 The growing type of the tumor

--The growing type of the tumor

-07 Spread of tumor

--Spread of tumor

-Exercise 02

-08 The grading and staging of tumors and the effects to the body

--The grading and staging of tumors and the effects to the body

-09 The difference between benign and malignant tumors

--The difference between benign and malignant tumors

-10 The environmental causes of cancer

--The environmental causes of cancer

-11 Heredity and tumor

--Heredity and tumor

CH05 Emergency (Cardiopulmonary resuscitation) and Disaster Medicine

-01 Overview

--Overview

-02 Sudden cardiac arrest

--Sudden cardiac arrest

-Exercise 01

-03 Non-professional life support

--Non-professional life support

-Exercise 02

-04 Professional life support

--Professional life support

-Exercise 03

-05 Adult advanced life support Ⅰ

--Adult advanced life support Ⅰ

-Exercise 04

-06 Adult advanced life support Ⅱ

--Adult advanced life support Ⅱ

-Exercise 05

-07 Electric defibrillation

--Electric defibrillation

CH06 Cardiovascular disease (Atherosclerosis and hypertension)

-01 Introduction

--Introduction

-02 Risk factors and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis

--Risk factors and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis

-03 Pathological changes of atherosclerosis

--Pathological changes of atherosclerosis

-Exercise 01

-04 Atherosclerosis of vital organs

--Atherosclerosis of vital organs

-05 Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease

--Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease

-Tips 03

--Tips 03

-06 Primary hypertension

--Primary hypertension

-Exercise 02

-07 The etiology and pathogenesis of hypertension

--The etiology and pathogenesis of hypertension

-08 The types and pathologic changes of essential hypertension

--The types and pathologic changes of essential hypertension

-Exercise 03

CH07 The war that never ends——Human versus virus

-01 Overview Ⅰ

--Overview Ⅰ

-02 Overview Ⅱ

--Overview Ⅱ

-03 What is virus

--What is virus

-Exercise 01

-04 The structure and functions of influenza viruses

--The structure and functions of influenza viruses

-Exercise 02

-05 Different type of influenza viruses

--Different type of influenza viruses

-Exercise 03

-06 Bird flu

--Bird flu

-Exercise 04

-07 Street virus

--Street virus

-Exercie 05

CH08 The germs that gastric acid can't kill——Helicobacter pylori and Gastric diseases

-01 Introduction

--Introduction

-02 Chronic gastritis caused by helicobacter pylori infection

--Chronic gastritis caused by helicobacter pylori infection

-Exercise 01

-03 Helicobacter pylori causes peptic ulcer

--Helicobacter pylori causes peptic ulcer

-Exercise 02

-04 Pathological changes of peptic ulcer

--Pathological changes of peptic ulcer

-Exercise 03

-05 Gastric cancer

--Gastric cancer

CH09 The movement and injury of human body——The motor function of human body

-01 The evolution of biological motion

--The evolution of biological motion

-02 Biomechanics of human motion

--Biomechanics of human motion

-Exercise 01

-03 The perfect unity of function and structure

--The perfect unity of function and structure

-Exercise 02

-04 A brief history of trauma orthopedic development Ⅰ

--A brief history of trauma orthopedic development Ⅰ

-05 A brief history of trauma orthopedic development Ⅱ

--A brief history of trauma orthopedic development Ⅱ

-Exercise 03

-06 Sprain and fracture of the ankle joint

--Sprain and fracture of the ankle joint

-Exercise 04

-07 Ankle sprain

--Ankle sprain

-Exercise 05

-08 Prevention of ankle sprain

--Prevention of ankle sprain

Final Exam

-Final Exam

The types and pathologic changes of essential hypertension笔记与讨论

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