当前课程知识点:Gateway to Medicine: An Introduction to the Field of Medicine >  CH09 The movement and injury of human body——The motor function of human body >  02 Biomechanics of human motion >  Biomechanics of human motion

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Biomechanics of human motion课程教案、知识点、字幕

第二部分我们来介绍一下

人类的运动

古希腊科学家阿基米德

曾经说过

给我一个支点

我可以撬动地球

这阐述的是杠杆原理

实际上人类的骨骼肌肉系统

就是一套精妙的杠杆系统

下面让我们以肘关节为例

看一下这套杠杆系统

是如何运作的

根据动力臂

和阻力臂的长度关系

杠杆可以分为三类

分别是等臂杠杆

省力杠杆和费力杠杆

在人的肢体和关节处

大多数是费力杠杆

虽然消耗了更大的力

但是可以增加运动的幅度

从杠杆的角度分析人体的运动

有以下三个要素

分别是支点的稳定

动力的大小与作用点

以及作用方向

负荷的大小作用点与作用方向

这是肘关节最简化的一个模型

只考虑了肱二头肌对前臂的作用

我们可以看到

前臂作为一个杠杆

支点在尺骨鹰嘴处

也就是图中的O

动力由肱二头肌提供

肱二头肌附着在桡骨粗隆

也就是图中的A处

其力臂长度为OA的距离

阻力分为两部分

分别是前臂的重力

作用点在前臂的质心

也就是图中B处

其力臂长为OB

球的重力作用在手上

即图中的C点

力臂长度为OC

这样可以看到

前臂是一个费力杠杆

当然

这只是最简化的一个模型

而在人体完成一个动作

会有更复杂的解剖结构

Gateway to Medicine: An Introduction to the Field of Medicine课程列表:

CH01 Smog and Lung Diseases

-01-The basic condition of the air

--The basic condition of the air

-02-What is smog and its influence to the body

--What is smog and its influence to the body

-03-The structure and the function of human respiratory system

--The structure and the function of human respiratory system

-04-How the smog cause the human respiratory system disease

--How the smog cause the human respiratory system disease

-05-Asthma

--Asthma

-Exercise 01

-06-COPD

--COPD

-07-Lung cancer Ⅰ

--Lung cancer Ⅰ

-08-Lung cancer Ⅱ

--Lung cancer Ⅱ

-Exercise 02

CH02 Pregnancy and Delivery

-01 Dissection of genital organs

--Dissection of genital organs

-Exercise 01

-02 The formation of embryo and fetal appendage

--The formation of embryo and fetal appendage

-Exercise 02

-03 Characteristic of embryonic and fetal development

--Characteristic of embryonic and fetal development

-04 Maternal changes during pregnancy

--Maternal changes during pregnancy

-05 Four factors that affect childbirth

--Four factors that affect childbirth

-06 Mechanism of labor

--Mechanism of labor

CH03 Children’s nutrition requirement and infant feeding

-01 The energy requirement and the metabolic characteristics of kids

--The energy requirement and the metabolic characteristics of kids

-02 Need of the nutrition and metabolism of kids Ⅰ

--Need of the nutrition and metabolism of kids Ⅰ

-Exercise 01

-03 Need of the nutrition and metabolism of kids Ⅱ

--Need of the nutrition and metabolism of kids Ⅱ

-Exercise 02

-04 Guided feeding of infant Ⅰ

--Guided feeding of infant Ⅰ

-Exercise 03

-05 Guided feeding of infant Ⅱ

--Guided feeding of infant Ⅱ

-06 Guided feeding of infant Ⅲ

--Guided feeding of infant Ⅲ

CH04 Get to know about tumor

-01 Introduction

--Introduction

-02 What is tumor

--What is tumor

-03 The general shape of tumor

--The general shape of tumor

-04 The atypia of the tumor

--The atypia of the tumor

-05 Name and classification of the tumor

--Name and classification of the tumor

-Exercise 01

-06 The growing type of the tumor

--The growing type of the tumor

-07 Spread of tumor

--Spread of tumor

-Exercise 02

-08 The grading and staging of tumors and the effects to the body

--The grading and staging of tumors and the effects to the body

-09 The difference between benign and malignant tumors

--The difference between benign and malignant tumors

-10 The environmental causes of cancer

--The environmental causes of cancer

-11 Heredity and tumor

--Heredity and tumor

CH05 Emergency (Cardiopulmonary resuscitation) and Disaster Medicine

-01 Overview

--Overview

-02 Sudden cardiac arrest

--Sudden cardiac arrest

-Exercise 01

-03 Non-professional life support

--Non-professional life support

-Exercise 02

-04 Professional life support

--Professional life support

-Exercise 03

-05 Adult advanced life support Ⅰ

--Adult advanced life support Ⅰ

-Exercise 04

-06 Adult advanced life support Ⅱ

--Adult advanced life support Ⅱ

-Exercise 05

-07 Electric defibrillation

--Electric defibrillation

CH06 Cardiovascular disease (Atherosclerosis and hypertension)

-01 Introduction

--Introduction

-02 Risk factors and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis

--Risk factors and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis

-03 Pathological changes of atherosclerosis

--Pathological changes of atherosclerosis

-Exercise 01

-04 Atherosclerosis of vital organs

--Atherosclerosis of vital organs

-05 Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease

--Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease

-Tips 03

--Tips 03

-06 Primary hypertension

--Primary hypertension

-Exercise 02

-07 The etiology and pathogenesis of hypertension

--The etiology and pathogenesis of hypertension

-08 The types and pathologic changes of essential hypertension

--The types and pathologic changes of essential hypertension

-Exercise 03

CH07 The war that never ends——Human versus virus

-01 Overview Ⅰ

--Overview Ⅰ

-02 Overview Ⅱ

--Overview Ⅱ

-03 What is virus

--What is virus

-Exercise 01

-04 The structure and functions of influenza viruses

--The structure and functions of influenza viruses

-Exercise 02

-05 Different type of influenza viruses

--Different type of influenza viruses

-Exercise 03

-06 Bird flu

--Bird flu

-Exercise 04

-07 Street virus

--Street virus

-Exercie 05

CH08 The germs that gastric acid can't kill——Helicobacter pylori and Gastric diseases

-01 Introduction

--Introduction

-02 Chronic gastritis caused by helicobacter pylori infection

--Chronic gastritis caused by helicobacter pylori infection

-Exercise 01

-03 Helicobacter pylori causes peptic ulcer

--Helicobacter pylori causes peptic ulcer

-Exercise 02

-04 Pathological changes of peptic ulcer

--Pathological changes of peptic ulcer

-Exercise 03

-05 Gastric cancer

--Gastric cancer

CH09 The movement and injury of human body——The motor function of human body

-01 The evolution of biological motion

--The evolution of biological motion

-02 Biomechanics of human motion

--Biomechanics of human motion

-Exercise 01

-03 The perfect unity of function and structure

--The perfect unity of function and structure

-Exercise 02

-04 A brief history of trauma orthopedic development Ⅰ

--A brief history of trauma orthopedic development Ⅰ

-05 A brief history of trauma orthopedic development Ⅱ

--A brief history of trauma orthopedic development Ⅱ

-Exercise 03

-06 Sprain and fracture of the ankle joint

--Sprain and fracture of the ankle joint

-Exercise 04

-07 Ankle sprain

--Ankle sprain

-Exercise 05

-08 Prevention of ankle sprain

--Prevention of ankle sprain

Final Exam

-Final Exam

Biomechanics of human motion笔记与讨论

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