当前课程知识点:Gateway to Medicine: An Introduction to the Field of Medicine > CH09 The movement and injury of human body——The motor function of human body > 04 A brief history of trauma orthopedic development Ⅰ > A brief history of trauma orthopedic development Ⅰ
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返回《Gateway to Medicine: An Introduction to the Field of Medicine》慕课在线视频列表
在第二部分
我们将简要介绍一下
骨科
特别是创伤骨科的发展简史
首先让我们来看一下
内科医生的形象
由于他们在工作中
要经常进行缜密的推断
因此他们具有
福尔摩斯般的形象
另外
他们总是在书写
因此又具有莎士比亚般的形象
而外科医生
他们整天要面对残缺的肢体
和淋漓的鲜血
在很多人看来
他们具有了庖丁般的形象
而究竟是否是这样的
再让我们看一看
我们骨科医生使用的工具
可以看到
各种锛 凿 刨 钳 钩等等工具
像极了我们在木匠
或者刑讯逼供时的刑具
因此也给人了更大的冲击
让我们来听一段
我们骨科手术中的录音
闭上眼睛
也许你根本不能想象出
这是在手术室发生的
更像是在装修的工地
下面我们来介绍一下
骨科医生是如何从庖丁
转变为一名医生的
也就是骨折内固定的
简要发展历史
说起这一点
就不能不提几件
现代外科的重要事件
首先是巴斯德
在1836年发现了微生物
然后是在1846年
美国的医师莫顿
首先应用了乙醚
作为全身的麻醉剂
然后在1867年英国的李斯特
使用了石炭酸溶液
冲洗手术器械
并用石炭酸溶液浸润的纱布
覆盖伤口
他所施行的截肢手术
死亡率由40%降至15%
这几件事情是安全的
现代的外科手术的开端
而最早用手术来治疗骨折
是开始于1886年
Hansmann首先报道了一种
用钢板螺钉
固定骨折的器械和技术
然后在1895年
Lane报道了一种钢板
用于骨折的固定
之后是Lambotte
他在19世纪末
提出了骨折固定的
稳定性的重要性
同时设计了一整套手术器械
和钢板螺钉
下面让我们来看一下
前面这个生锈的
是Lane设计的钢板
可以看到它跟我们通常木匠
用来钉椅子的钢板
是没有太大区别的
而之后的钢板
是Lambotte设计的
已经开始有了现代钢板的雏形
-01-The basic condition of the air
--The basic condition of the air
-02-What is smog and its influence to the body
--What is smog and its influence to the body
-03-The structure and the function of human respiratory system
--The structure and the function of human respiratory system
-04-How the smog cause the human respiratory system disease
--How the smog cause the human respiratory system disease
-05-Asthma
--Asthma
-Exercise 01
-06-COPD
--COPD
-07-Lung cancer Ⅰ
-08-Lung cancer Ⅱ
-Exercise 02
-01 Dissection of genital organs
--Dissection of genital organs
-Exercise 01
-02 The formation of embryo and fetal appendage
--The formation of embryo and fetal appendage
-Exercise 02
-03 Characteristic of embryonic and fetal development
--Characteristic of embryonic and fetal development
-04 Maternal changes during pregnancy
--Maternal changes during pregnancy
-05 Four factors that affect childbirth
--Four factors that affect childbirth
-06 Mechanism of labor
-01 The energy requirement and the metabolic characteristics of kids
--The energy requirement and the metabolic characteristics of kids
-02 Need of the nutrition and metabolism of kids Ⅰ
--Need of the nutrition and metabolism of kids Ⅰ
-Exercise 01
-03 Need of the nutrition and metabolism of kids Ⅱ
--Need of the nutrition and metabolism of kids Ⅱ
-Exercise 02
-04 Guided feeding of infant Ⅰ
-Exercise 03
-05 Guided feeding of infant Ⅱ
-06 Guided feeding of infant Ⅲ
-01 Introduction
-02 What is tumor
-03 The general shape of tumor
-04 The atypia of the tumor
-05 Name and classification of the tumor
--Name and classification of the tumor
-Exercise 01
-06 The growing type of the tumor
--The growing type of the tumor
-07 Spread of tumor
-Exercise 02
-08 The grading and staging of tumors and the effects to the body
--The grading and staging of tumors and the effects to the body
-09 The difference between benign and malignant tumors
--The difference between benign and malignant tumors
-10 The environmental causes of cancer
--The environmental causes of cancer
-11 Heredity and tumor
-01 Overview
--Overview
-02 Sudden cardiac arrest
-Exercise 01
-03 Non-professional life support
--Non-professional life support
-Exercise 02
-04 Professional life support
-Exercise 03
-05 Adult advanced life support Ⅰ
--Adult advanced life support Ⅰ
-Exercise 04
-06 Adult advanced life support Ⅱ
--Adult advanced life support Ⅱ
-Exercise 05
-07 Electric defibrillation
-01 Introduction
-02 Risk factors and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis
--Risk factors and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis
-03 Pathological changes of atherosclerosis
--Pathological changes of atherosclerosis
-Exercise 01
-04 Atherosclerosis of vital organs
--Atherosclerosis of vital organs
-05 Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease
--Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease
-Tips 03
--Tips 03
-06 Primary hypertension
-Exercise 02
-07 The etiology and pathogenesis of hypertension
--The etiology and pathogenesis of hypertension
-08 The types and pathologic changes of essential hypertension
--The types and pathologic changes of essential hypertension
-Exercise 03
-01 Overview Ⅰ
-02 Overview Ⅱ
-03 What is virus
-Exercise 01
-04 The structure and functions of influenza viruses
--The structure and functions of influenza viruses
-Exercise 02
-05 Different type of influenza viruses
--Different type of influenza viruses
-Exercise 03
-06 Bird flu
--Bird flu
-Exercise 04
-07 Street virus
-Exercie 05
-01 Introduction
-02 Chronic gastritis caused by helicobacter pylori infection
--Chronic gastritis caused by helicobacter pylori infection
-Exercise 01
-03 Helicobacter pylori causes peptic ulcer
--Helicobacter pylori causes peptic ulcer
-Exercise 02
-04 Pathological changes of peptic ulcer
--Pathological changes of peptic ulcer
-Exercise 03
-05 Gastric cancer
-01 The evolution of biological motion
--The evolution of biological motion
-02 Biomechanics of human motion
--Biomechanics of human motion
-Exercise 01
-03 The perfect unity of function and structure
--The perfect unity of function and structure
-Exercise 02
-04 A brief history of trauma orthopedic development Ⅰ
--A brief history of trauma orthopedic development Ⅰ
-05 A brief history of trauma orthopedic development Ⅱ
--A brief history of trauma orthopedic development Ⅱ
-Exercise 03
-06 Sprain and fracture of the ankle joint
--Sprain and fracture of the ankle joint
-Exercise 04
-07 Ankle sprain
-Exercise 05
-08 Prevention of ankle sprain
-Final Exam