16.2.1 辊式涂布器和气刀涂布器在线视频

同学们，大家好
Hello, everyone

上一讲我们学习了
In last lesson, we have learned

涂布机械与设备的概述
the overview of coating machinery and equipment

及涂料制备设备的基本情况
and the basic situation of coating material preparation equipment

这一讲我们将和大家
In this lesson, we will

一起探讨各种涂布器
discuss a variety of spreaders

各种不同的涂布器
Different spreaders have

均有其特定的使用范围
their specific ranges of use

选定与设计合理的涂布器
Selection and design of a reasonable spreader

必须依据产品质量要求、原纸性质
must be considered based on product quality requirements

涂料性质、涂布量大小
raw paper properties, coating material properties

涂布速度等因素综合加以考虑
coating weight, coating speed and other factors

首先我们来看看辊式涂布器
First let's take a look at the roller spreader

表面施胶是使纸页
Conduct surface sizing to make the paper sheet

具有抗液体渗透性
have anti-liquid permeability

给予纸页更好的表面性能
to give the paper sheet a better surface performance

和改善纸的表面强度和内结合力
and to improve the paper surface strength and internal adhesion

表面施胶压榨通常分为
Surface sizing press is usually divided into three types

竖式、水平式和倾斜式三种
vertical, horizontal and inclined. Because of the time limitation

由于时间关系
everybody please read the book

三种形式的各自特点大家看书
for the characteristics of these three kinds of forms

我就不详细介绍了
I am not introducing here in detail

目前国际上流行的
At present, the most popular type of roller spreaders

辊式涂布器的型式主要有
in the world mainly includes two types

门辊涂布和膜式压榨两大类
door roller coating and film pressing

门辊涂布器在国外曾用于
The door roller spreader has been used in the in-machine surface sizing

高速造纸机的机内表面施胶
of the high-speed paper making machine in foreign countries

80年代初才由日本首先开发
and was the first developed by Japan in the early 1980s

用于机内生产微涂纸
for the in-machine production of micro-coated paper

并发展成涂布纸类中的一个独立分支
and then developed into an independent branch of coated paper

微涂布纸在我国习惯
Micro-coated paper in our country is used to be

称为轻量涂布纸
called light-weight coated paper

它是介于铜版纸与胶版纸之间
which is a middle type of paper between the coated paper and offset paper

或者说是低定量涂布纸
or between the light weight coated paper

与超级压光纸之间的一种
and supercalendered paper

用途广泛和高附加值的新品种
which is a new product of wide use and high added value

用门辊涂布器等辊式涂布
It is a trend of the development of paper machine technology

取代机内双辊表面施胶
to replace the in-machine double-roller surface sizing

以生产轻量涂布纸等高档文化用纸
with roller type coating such as roller spreaders

是纸机技术发展的一种趋势
to produce light coated paper and other high-grade cultural paper

图中所示的门辊式施胶压榨
The door roller sizing press shown in the picture

带有一个不与纸页\is equipped with an offset material storage pool

接触的偏置料池
that does not contact with the paper sheet

该偏置料池向计量压区输送胶料
The offset material pool transfers the sizing material to the metering pressure zone

此计量压区控制
which controls the amount of sizing material

进入第二压区的胶料量
entering the second pressure zone

第二压区控制胶膜均匀度
The second pressure zone controls the adhesive film uniformity

为了将胶膜花纹减轻到最低程度
In order to minimize the adhesive film stripes

门辊组中的各辊子的速差
the speed difference among each roller in the door roller set

在运行中是非常重要的
is very important in operation

气刀涂布器出现于20世纪30年代
The air knife spreader appeared in the 1930s

它是一种适应性较广
It is a kind of spreader with

应用较普遍的涂布器
wide adaptability and wide application

其工作原理是由涂布辊
The working principle is using a coating roller

将过量的涂料涂布于
to coat the excessive coating material

原纸和纸板表面上
on the surface of the original paper and the paperboard

而后在纸幅穿过
and then making the paper web

背辊与气刀之间时
go through between a back roller and an air knife

由气刀喷缝喷射出
an air jet of the air knife jetting an air flow

与纸幅成一定角度的气流
at a fixed angle to the paper web

将过量的涂料吹除
to blow out the excess coating material

从而达到所要求的涂布量
so as to achieve the required coating weight

同时将涂层吹匀
at the same time, blow the coating evenly

气刀涂布器的主要特点是
The main features of the air knife spreader are as follows

它具有通用性，操作维护简便
it is universal and easy to operate and maintain

涂布中不易产生刮痕、料斑
scratches or material spots is not easy to be produced during the coating

并且涂层较富有弹性
the coating is of more elasticity

不与涂料接触
it does not contact with the coating material

适于压敏性涂料的涂布
thus suitable for the coating of pressure-sensitive coating material

涂料固含量较低
the coating material solid content is low

一般为35～42%
usually being 35-42%

最高不会超过45%
and the highest will not exceed 45%

涂料粘度也较低
the coating material viscosity is also low

大约在100～400mPa•s
about 100-400mPa•s

气刀涂布结构不紧凑
the air knife coating structure is not compact

除纸板外，一般不用于机内涂布
it is not used for in-machine coating except for paperboard

气刀易受于干涂料影响
the air knife is easy to be affected by dry coating material

局部堵塞
causing a partial blockage

气刀涂布器近些年多用于
In recent years, the air knife spreader is mainly used

小的机外涂布机、板压机内涂布
in small-size off-machine coaters, board press in-machine coating

及无碳复写纸涂布中
and carbon-free copy paper coating

气刀涂布能在车速每几分钟
the air knife coating can be operated at speeds from

几米至600米的情况下操作
several meters to 600 meters every few minutes

但正常的涂布速度范围
but the normal coating speed range

是在120～320m/min之间
is between 120-320 m/min

涂布量最高可以达到25g/m2
The coating weight can be up to 25g/m2

低到3g/m2都毫无问题
and can be as low as 3g/m2 without any problem

气刀涂布器是一种随形涂布器
An air knife spreader is a kind of conformal spreader

或者说仿形涂布器
or profiling spreader

涂层只附着于原纸的表面
The coating only attaches to the surface of the original paper

而对纸的平整度无改善作用
but does not improve the smoothness of the paper

刮刀涂布与气刀涂布不同
Scraper coating is different from air-knife coating

刮刀将涂料嵌入纸面的凹坑
Scrapers embed coating material into pits on paper

并刮去多余的涂料
and scrape away excess coating material

为此可以先行计量棒或刮刀涂布
Therefore, we can first conduct the metering rod or scraper coating

填平纸面后
to fill and level up the paper surface

再由气刀作表面涂布
and then conduct the surface coating by the air knife

图中所示的是
The basic structure of the air knife spreader

气刀涂布器的基本结构
is shown in the picture

原纸由退纸机经
The original paper is removed by a paper unreeling machine

校正辊、引纸辊通过压纸辊下面
through a correction roller and a paper guide roller

使纸幅与涂布辊
is gone under a paper press roller

以一定的包角相接触
so that the paper web contacts the coating roller at a fixed angle

当纸幅与涂布辊相接触时
When the paper web contacts the coating roller

回转于涂料槽中的涂布辊
the coating roller turned around in the coating material groove

将辊面上粘附的涂料
coats the coating material adhered to the surface

涂布于纸面上
of the roller to the paper surface

带有过量涂料的纸幅
The paper web with excessive coating material

穿过背辊与气刀之间的间隙
is passed through the gap between a back roller and an air knife

此间隙一般为4～8毫米
this gap is normally 4~8 mm

最小可以达2～3毫米
and the minimum can reach 2~3 mm

气刀喷缝的喷出角
The jet angle between the air jet of the air knife

与水平倾角为40～45º
and the horizon is 40~45 º

纸幅通过此间隙时
When the paper web goes through this gap

由背辊支承
it is supported by the back roller

气刀喷缝喷出的气流
he air flow jetted by the air jet of the air knife

遂将过量的涂料吹下来
t will blow down the excessive coating material

吹落下来的涂料随气流
and the coating material blown down goes with the air flow

进入过量涂料收集槽内
into an excessive coating material collection tank

与空气分离后又送回循环槽
and then goes back to a circulation tank after being separated from the air

经处理后再循环使用
and finally is recycled after treatment

纸幅继续前进
The paper web continues to be moved forward

由履带真空箱吸引
attracted by a crawler vacuum chamber

而后送至干燥器干燥
and then sent to a dryer for drying

低粘度的涂料涂布时
When coating with low viscosity coating material

采用如左图所示的
a reverse coating roller air knife spreader

反转涂布辊气刀涂布器
as shown in the left picture is adopted

可获得更好的涂布效果
to achieve better coating effect

对于高速涂布
For high-speed coating

以及涂布层较厚
as well as coating with thicker coating layer

或浓度及粘度较高的涂料涂布
or higher concentration and viscosity coating material

可采用右图所示的
the double-roller or three-roller air knife spreader

双辊或者三辊气刀涂布器
as shown in the right picture can be used

气刀涂布器主要部件包括
The main components of an air knife spreader

上料计量系统、气刀
include a feeding metering system, an air knife

供气系统、涂料槽
an air supply system, a coating material groove

排气和回收系统
an exhaust and recovery system

涂料循环系统等
a coating material circulation system and so on

气刀涂布器的上料计量系统
The feeding metering system of an air knife spreader

常采用有三种形式
is usually in three forms

单辊、双辊和三辊
single-roller, double-roller and three-roller

如图所示
as shown in the picture

气刀的作用在于以薄层气流
The function of the air knife is to evenly spray

均匀的沿纸幅整个纸面宽度
the coating layer on the paper web along

喷冲纸幅上的涂料层
the whole width of the paper sheet with thin air flow

将过量的涂料冲刷下来
blow off the excess coating material

并将纸面上的涂层均匀化
and homogenize the coating layer on the paper surface

因此，气刀喷缝设计使得
Therefore, the design of the air-knife jet

气流通过喷缝时应呈层流状态
shall make the air flow through the jet be laminar

常见的气刀型式有三种
There are three common air knife types

固定式气刀
fixed air knife

旋转式双气刀
rotary double air knifes

和调节式气刀
and adjustable air knife

如图所示
as shown in the picture

气刀喷缝的间隙
The air knife gap normally can

一般可以在0.5～1.6mm范围内调节
be adjusted in the range of 0.5~1.6mm

上唇板比下唇板略长0.1～0.2mm
the upper lip plate is slightly longer than the lower lip plate of 0.1~0.2mm

以保证气流平稳而略下倾的方向喷出
,so as to ensure the steady and slightly downward direction of the airflow

涂料槽的关键是要有一个
The key of the coating material groove is to have a

可使涂料作循环流动的结构
structure which can make the coating material circulate

因为绝大多数的涂布方式
because most of the coating methods

都要求有一个稳定的涂料供应
require a stable coating material supply

以便能适宜地控制涂布量
so that the coating weight can be controlled appropriately

涂料槽的设计要防止
The design of the coating material groove should prevent

涂料槽中的涂料发生死角
the dead angle of coating material occurs in the coating material groove

但也要注意不允许出现湍流
and also should be careful not to allow turbulence occurs

否则就会产生泡沫
otherwise it will produce foam

给涂布面带来严重的斑痕
which will bring serious mottling to the coating surface

这是几种常见的涂料槽结构图
These are structure charts of several common coating material grooves

气刀涂布机由于
When using an air knife coater

操作上的自然因素
there is a large amount of air mixed in the coating material

在涂料中混有大量的空气
due to the natural factors in operation

因此必须设置
Therefore, it is necessary to set up

具有挡板的料气分离槽
a material gas separation tank with a baffle

它能将大量的空气
which can separate a large amount of air

从回流的涂料中分逸出来
from the refluxing coating material

又由于空气会重新循环的缘故
Also, because the air will recirculate

因此还必须把混入到空气中的
it is necessary to separate

干燥涂料粉末也分离出来
the dry coating powder mixed into the air

从气刀涂布回流的涂料
The solid content of the coating material reflow from air knife

其固含量要比送入涂料槽的
is higher than that of the fresh coating material

新鲜涂料的固含量要高
fed into the coating material groove

因此在供料系统中必须有一个
so there must be a device which can

可以调节固含量的装置
adjust the solid content in the feeding system

否则在涂布作业过程中
Otherwise, in the coating process

涂料的固含量将逐渐增高
the solid content of the coating material will gradually increase

这是典型的气刀涂布机涂料循环系统
This is a typical air knife coater coating material circulation system

关于辊式涂布器和气刀涂布器
That’s all for the introduction of

就先介绍到这里
the roller spreader and the air knife spreader

下一讲我们将给大家
and in the next lesson

介绍刮刀涂布器
I will introduce you the scraper spreaders