1.3.1 备料方法及干法切断设备在线视频

同学们好
Hello, everyone

从这节课开始我们来学习
we’ll learn about non-wood preparation

非木材备料机械与设备
mechanism and equipment from this lesson

与原木备料不同
Different from log preparation

非木材原料纤维普遍比较柔软
non-wood material fiber is generally soft

直径尺寸也很小
and the diameter is small

所以其备料设备相对要简单一些
so the preparation equipment is relatively simple

一个完整的非木材备料
The mechanism and equipment

所用的机械设备
used for a complete non-wood preparation

主要有切断机、运输机
mainly includes cutting machine, conveyor

筛选设备、料片仓
screening equipment, material bin

水力洗料机、脱水机
hydraulic washing machine, dehydrator

以及辅助的旋风分离设备
as well as auxiliary cyclone separation equipment

水膜除尘设备等
water film dust removal equipment, etc.

非木材备料一般分为
Non-wood preparation is generally divided into

干法备料和湿法备料两种方式
dry preparation and wet preparation

各有优缺点
each of which has its advantages and disadvantages

目前大多数企业都采用
At present, most enterprises adopt

干湿法相结合的备料方式
dry-wet preparation

干法备料过程
Dry preparation process

其基本作业是
which basic operations include

切断、除髓、除尘
cutting, depithing, dust removal

筛分和尘气处理
screening and dust gas treatment

因原料不同
due to different raw materials

所用机械设备略有差异
the mechanism and equipment used are slightly different

这个图显示了一个
This picture shows a

常规麦草干法
conventional wheat straw

备料流程及所用设备
dry preparation process and equipment used

主要有切草机、刮板运输机
mainly including straw cutter, scraper conveyor

辊式除尘机、密封罩
roller type dust remover, seal cover

及风送机等设备
and air conveyor and other equipment

干法备料设备
Dry preparation equipment is less in investment

投资少、电耗低
low in power consumption

但除杂效果一般
but the effect of impurity removal is common

只能达到5%~10%
which can only reach 5%~10%

切料时灰尘大
And the dust is too heavy as well as

工作环境较差
the working environment is relatively poor during cutting

必须做好除尘防护
so dust removal protection shall be made

湿法备料就是
Wet preparation is to

利用特制的水力碎草机
use a special hydraulic grass chopper

将整根草秆撕断、撕裂
to tear the whole stalk

并把草叶撕碎
broke and tears the blades of grass

然后把碎草片与
and then separate the pieces of grass

泥砂等杂质分离
from the sand and other impurities

取得干净的湿草片送蒸煮使用
to obtain a clean wet blade for cooking

湿法备料有那些好处呢
What are the benefits of wet preparation

首先，较彻底地解决目前
First of all, the problem of flying dust

干法备料粉尘飞扬的问题
of dry preparation is solved thoroughly

工作环境得到改善
the working environment is improved

除杂率可达10%～20%
the impurities removal rate is up to 10%~20%

质量稳定
the quality is stable

二是，经压榨后水分稳定
secondly, after crushing, the moisture is stable

抽出物含量低
the extract content is low

不足之处就是设备投资较大
The disadvantage is that the equipment investment is larger

一般比干法高出25%
and generally is 25% higher than the dry preparation

另外，动力消耗较高
in addition, the power consumption is higher

并产生了废水
and the waste water is produced

多了一部分污染
and more pollution is produced

这个图显示了典型的
This picture shows a typical

稻麦草湿法备料流程
rice and wheat straw wet preparation process

所用的设备由水力碎草机
and the used equipment included hydraulic straw cutter

刮板运输机、斜螺旋脱水机
scraper conveyor, sloped spiral dehydrator

曲面筛、除渣器等等
curved screen, slag remover, and so on

干湿法备料结合了两者的优点
Dry-wet preparation combines with the advantages of both

先采用干法切草
first using dry cutting

干法或湿法除尘
dry or wet dust removal

然后采用水力洗草机洗去泥沙
and then using hydraulic straw washer to wash the sediment

得到的湿草片最后再经过
the wet grass is fed to cooking or refining for use finally

脱水、挤干后送蒸煮或磨浆使用
after dehydration and extrusion

大家注意
It is noted that

干湿法相结合的备料
the combination of dry and wet methods of preparation

其湿法处理部分用的是
its wet treatment part use

“水力洗草机”
“hydraulic straw washer”

与单独的湿法备料用的
which is different from the “hydraulic straw cutter”

“水力碎草机”是不同的
used by a separate wet preparation

一个“洗”、一个“碎”
One “wash” and one “cut”

就显示了两种方式的差异
show the difference between the two methods

干湿法备料把“碎”的部分
Dry and wet preparation put the part of “cut”

放在了干法切断部分
in the cutting part of the dry preparation

所以在湿法方面
so there is only “wash” left

就剩下了“洗”的功能了
in the wet preparation

这样一来，能耗就得到了降低
in this way, energy consumption is reduced

因此，干湿法备料获得的
As a result, the size of the material obtained

料片尺寸更为均匀
by the dry-wet preparation is more uniform

而且洗草机的撕裂作用
and the tearing effect of the straw washer

较碎草机低很多
is much lower than that of the straw cutter

能耗和磨损更低
and the energy consumption and wear are lower

根据除尘净化方式不同
According to the different methods of dust removal and purification

可分为干切干净化和干切湿净化
it can be divided into dry-cut dry purification and dry-cut wet purification

干切湿净化
Waste water pollution of dry-cut

废水污染相对较高
wet purification is relatively high

所以国内大多数非木浆生产企业
so most of the domestic non-wood pulp production enterprises

都采用干切干净化方式
adopt the method of dry-cut dry purification

非木材备料主要设备包括
Main equipment for non-wood preparation includes

干法备料设备、湿法备料设备
dry preparation equipment, wet preparation equipment

和其它辅助设备
and other auxiliary equipment

干法备料设备
Dry preparation equipment

主要有切断设备
mainly include cut-off equipment

筛选除尘设备
screening dust removal equipment

和除髓设备
and depithing removal equipment

湿法备料设备
Wet preparation equipment

主要有水力洗草机
mainly include hydraulic straw washer

鼓式水洗机
drum-type water washing machine

斜螺旋脱水机
sloped spiral dehydrator

草片泵等
blade pump and so on

首先来看一下干法备料切断设备
First let’s look at the dry preparation cut-off equipment

切断设备就是将
The cutting equipment is the equipment

稻麦草、芦苇等秸秆类原料
which cut the straw material such as

切成一定长度的设备
rice straw and reed into fixed length

对于稻麦草等
For the cutting of soft raw materials

柔软原料的切断
such as rice, wheat straw

采用刀辊式切草机
the roller cutter is used

对于芦苇、芒杆等
and for the relatively hard raw materials

相对较硬质的原料
such as reed and straw

采用刀盘式切苇机
the disk type cutter is used

刀辊式切草机
Roller cutter

其工作原理是
which working principle is that

草料由输送带送入喂料口
the straw material is fed into the feeding inlet by the conveyor belt

由喂料辊压住草料
the feeding roller presses the straw material

并转动着不断将草料送到
and rotates the straw material into the feed roller

第二、三水平喂料辊下
at the second and third level

继而被喂入刀辊上的飞刀
and then is fed into the flying blade on the cutter roller

和机座上的底刀之间
and the bottom blade on the machine seat

切成长15~35mm的草片
cut into the blade of grass of 15-35mm

并由出料输送带送出
and sent out by the discharge conveyor belt

刀辊式切草机结构如图所示
The structure of a cutter-roller type cutter is as shown in the picture

主要由刀辊、底刀which is mainly composed of a cutter roller

喂料辊、进出料输送带
a bottom blade, a feeding roller

和传动装置组成
an inlet and outlet conveyor belt and a driving device

刀盘式切苇机
Disk reed cutter

其工作原理是
whose working principle is that

芦苇由输送带送入喂料口
the reed is fed into the feeding inlet by the conveyor belt

由上下压辊压住并转动着
pressed and rotated by the upper and lower pressure rollers

不断将芦苇杆推到刀盘上
to push the reed rod onto the cutter disk continuously

继而被飞刀和机座上的底刀
then cut into reed pieces by the flying blade

切断成苇片
and the bottom blade on the machine seat

长度在20~40mm
with the length of 20~40mm

并由出料输送带送出
and sent out by the discharging conveyor belt

刀盘式切苇机结构如图所示
The structure of disk type reed cutter is shown in the picture

主要由刀盘、喂料装置
which is mainly composed of disk

和传动装置组成
feeding device and driving device

切草机及切苇机的生产能力
The production capacity of straw cutter and reed cutter

主要受原料的种类及质量
is mainly influenced by the kinds and quality of raw materials

比如叶、髓、谷粒
such as blade, pith, grain

泥土含量等因的影响
soil content and other factors

生产上通常可以用
The following formula can usually

下面这个公式进行估算
use to be estimated in production

棉杆原料由于含有韧皮部
Because the raw material of cotton rod contains phloem

且质地较为坚硬
and the texture is hard

需要用到特殊的切断破碎联合机
special cutting and crushing machine is needed

其工作原理类似于切草机
It works like a straw cutter

如图所示
As shown in the picture

棉杆切断破碎联合机
the cotton rod cutting and crushing machine

主要由喂料装置
is mainly composed of feeding device

切断破碎装置、液压装置
cutting and crushing device, hydraulic device

及传动装置组成
and transmission device

喂料装置包括三对
The feeding device comprises three pairs of

由液压机构控制的喂料辊
feeding rollers controlled by a hydraulic mechanism

可以在恒定压力下
which can float as the thickness of the cotton rod changes

随棉杆层厚变化而浮动
under constant pressure

切断部分采用鼓形刀辊
the cutting part adopts a drum-shaped cutter roller

破碎部分是依赖装在底板上的
and the crushing part is realized by two auxiliary blades

两把副刀和破碎齿板实现
and a broken toothed plate mounted on the bottom plate

竹子原料结构紧密
Bamboo raw material structure is compact

硬度接近于阔叶材
the hardness is close to that of broad-leaved wood

其备料要点主要是
The main point of preparation is to

切断原竹，削片
cut off the original bamboo, cut the pieces

并使竹片分丝
and makes the pieces of bamboo into filaments

对于由原竹劈开的长条竹片
:For long strips of bamboo pieces cut from the original bamboo

及小径竹、杂竹时
and bamboo with small diameter and miscellaneous bamboo

可选用刀辊式切竹机
cutter-roller bamboo cutter can be used

其结构类似于刀辊式切草机
its structure is similar to the cutter-roller straw cutter

对于大径竹或高硬竹子
For bamboo with large diameter or high and hard bamboo

生产规模较大时
when the production scale is large

可选用盘式或鼓式切竹机
disk type or drum type bamboo cutter

类似于木材用的削片机
which is similar to chipper can be used

同学们可参阅之前的内容
You can refer to the previous contents

本节课的内容讲到这里
So much for this lesson

谢谢大家
thank you all