10.1 造纸机的发展、组成与分类在线视频

同学们，大家好
Hello, everyone

我是华南理工大学
I'm Yang Fei from School of

轻工科学与工程学院的
Light Industry and Engineering of

杨飞老师
South China University of Technology

这节课我们将一起学习造纸机概述
In this class, we'll give you an overview of paper-making machine

这一部分主要是给大家介绍一下造纸机的发展
This part is mainly to introduce the development of paper-making machine

以及各种专有名词
and various special nouns

为后续造纸机相关知识的学习
so as to lay the foundation for the further study

奠定基础
of the relevant knowledge of paper-making machine

首先我们来看看造纸机的发展历史
First of all, let's take a look at the history of papermaking

造纸术是我国劳动人民创造
Paper-making is the creation of the working people in China

在公元二世纪初
At the beginning of the 2nd century AD.

我国东汉时蔡伦
Cai Lun in the Eastern Han Dynasty

总结整理了前人的经验
summed up the experience of his predecessors

发明了一套较完整的手工抄纸术
and invented a complete set of manual papermaking technology

为人类文明发展
which made great contributions

做出了伟大的贡献
to the development of human civilization

目前，手工抄纸术
At present, manual papermaking

迄今仍用于抄制高级的特种纸
is still used to make high-grade special paper

虽然过去了两千多年
Although more than two thousand years have passed

但是现代造纸的原理
the principle of modern paper-making

与两千多年前蔡伦
is not fundamentally different

所发明的造纸法的原理
from the principle of paper-making invented by Cai Lun

并没有本质的区别
more than two thousand years ago

都是备料、用碱蒸煮
It is the preparation of materials, cooking with alkali

只是碱的种类不同
but the kinds of alkali are different

打浆、抄纸、压榨、干燥
beating, papermaking, pressing and drying

西方人发展了造纸工业
Westerners have developed the paper-making industry

采用现代技术
using modern technology

提高了造纸的生产力
to improve the productivity of paper-making

全面改造和提升了造纸技术
and improving the technology of paper-making in an all-round way

造纸机的发展
The development of paper-making machine

极大的提升了造纸的生产力
has greatly improved the productivity of paper-making

现代的机器造纸技术
Modern machine papermaking technology

是十七世纪以来在西方各国发展起来的
has been developed in the West countries since the 17th century

1799年法国的罗贝尔特
In 1799, France's Louis Robert

发明了连续抄纸的机器
invented the continuous paper-making machine

是由一条张紧在两个辊子之间的
which was made up of an endless strip

无端网带及一些附件所组成
between two rollers and some attachments

1803年，法国人达都和英国机师唐金
in 1803, France's Leger Didot and England's B.Donkin

完成了对罗贝尔特发明技术的改造
completed the transformation of the technology invented by Robert

制成了世界第一台工业生产用的造纸机
into the world's first industrial paper-making machine

人们称为唐金纸机
known as the Donkin paper-making machine

唐金纸机已经接近于
which was already close to the working principle

现代造纸机的工作原理
of modern paper-making machine

1808年，英国纸商
In 1808, the Fourdrinier brothers

福尔德黎尔兄弟
British paper merchant

购买了上述所有发明的权益
purchased the rights and interests of all the above-mentioned inventions

成为现存唯一成功的
and became the only patent legal person

抄纸机器专利的唯一法人
of the only successful paper-making machine

所以可以说
Therefore, it can be said that

造纸机是由罗贝尔特发明
the paper machinery was invented by Robert

达都和唐金改进设计的
improved by Didot and Donkin

而由福尔德黎尔兄弟所投资
and invested by the Fourdrinier brothers

因而国外均将长网造纸机
so that the long web paper machinery

称为Fourdrinier造纸机
is called Fourdrinier machine abroad

1807年，美国人金赛
In 1807, Kinsey, an American

提出了圆网造纸机的专利
proposed a patent for the round web paper machinery

1817年第一台圆网造纸机
In 1817, the first vat papermaking machine

在美国运行投产
was put into operation in the United States

此后造纸机逐渐完善
Since then, the paper machinery has been gradually improved

不断被新的部件所补充
supplemented by new parts

并向大型和高速方向发展
and developed towards large-scale and high-speed direction

那么造纸机到底经历了哪些发展变化呢
So what changes did the paper machinery go through

1807～1826年间
From 1807 to 1826

造纸机装设了真空吸水箱
the paper machinery installed vacuum suction box

烘缸等部件
drying cylinder and other components

1870年造纸机
In 1870, the paper machinery

已从横轴传动发展到纵轴传动方式
has developed from horizontal axis drive to longitudinal axis drive

并配置了压光机
and equipped with calender

1906～1921年，使用了高压流浆箱
1906 to 1921, high-pressure flow box

真空吸水辊、圆筒卷纸机
vacuum suction roller, cylinder roll machine

及分部传动等组件
and branch drive and other components were applied

1950～1960年间，造纸机装设了
From 1950 to 1960, the paper machinery installed

封闭式流浆箱、真空吸移装置
closed flow box, vacuum suction device

复合压榨等高效组件
composite press and other high-efficiency components

七十年代造纸机发展了
In the 1970s, the paper machinery developed

夹网成形器
the clamp net forming machine

真空圆网成形器
vacuum circular net forming machine

等新型纸幅成形装置
and other new paper web forming machine

到目前造纸机又出现了
Up to now, many new technologies and devices

许多新的技术和装置
have appeared in the paper machinery

白水稀释流浆箱
such as white water dilution flow box

宽压区压榨
wide pressure area press

也就是我们俗称的靴型压榨
which is commonly known as shoe press

单层烘缸排列
single-layer dryer arrangement

软辊压光机等等
soft roller calender, etc.

河南江河纸业有限公司
The cultural paper machinery

和河南大指造纸装备集成工程有限公司
with a width of 5600mm and a speed of 1500m/min

生产的幅宽5600mm、车速1500m/min的
produced by Henan Jianghe Paper Industry Co., Ltd.

文化纸造纸机
and Henan Dazhi Paper Equipment Integration Engineering Co., Ltd.

是目前车速最高的国产造纸机
is the domestic paper machinery with the highest speed at present

纸机采用了白水稀释型水力式流浆箱
The paper machinery adopts the white water dilution hydraulic flow box

夹网成型器
the twin-wire former

靴式宽压区压榨
the shoe-type wide pressure zone press

具有封闭引纸
and has the key technology such as the closed paper guide

和带纸幅稳定器的干燥装备等关键技术
and the drying equipment with the paper size holder

接下来我们一起来看看
Let's take a look at the composition

造纸机的组成与分类
and classification of the paper machinery

造纸机是把
Papermaking machine is a machine

经过打浆、调制后
for making paper from pulp

符合抄造纸张要求的纸浆
which has been pulped and modulated

抄制成纸的机器
to meet the requirements of paper-making

造纸机主体分为
The main body of paper-making machine is divided into

由浆抄成湿纸的湿段
the wet end which makes wet paper from pulp

和把湿纸烘干并成卷的干段
and the dry end for drying and rolling the wet paper

湿部包括流送部
The wet end consists of three sections

成形部、压榨部三个部分
the flowing section, the forming section and the press section

干部包括烘干部
The dry end includes the drying section

压光部、卷纸部三个部分
the calender section and the rolling section

此外还有机械传动
In addition, there are the mechanical transmission and parts

以及为这些主体部分运行所不可缺少的
that are indispensable for the operation of these main parts

真空系统、气压及液压系统
including the vacuum system, the air pressure and hydraulic system

润滑系统、引纸系统
the lubricating system, the paper guide system

蒸汽系统、热风系统
the steam system, the hot air system

汽罩及排风系统等
gas hood and exhaust system

也属于造纸机的本体部分
which also belong to the main body of paper machinery

这是一张长网造纸机的简图
This is a sketch of a fourdrinier

大家可以看看哪里是湿部
Could you tell which section is the wet end is

哪里是干部
and which is the dry end

湿部和干部各包括哪些工段
What are the sections of the wet end and dry end

在工程实际中
In engineering practice

造纸机是一种
paper machinery is a kind of

结构复杂，车速较快
comprehensive large-scale machine

精密程度要求非常高的
with complex structure

综合大型机械
fast speed and high precision

通常选取对造纸机产品
The forming section and dry section play a crucial role

产量和质量起决定性作用的
in the output and quality of the paper machinery

成形部和烘干部的形式结构
They are usually used as the basis

来作为造纸机基本形式分类的基础
for the basic forms classification of the paper machinery

这样，造纸机可分为长网造纸机
The paper machinery can be divided into three categories

圆网造纸机和夹网造纸机三大类
fourdrinier, vat machine and twin-wire paper machinery

长网造纸机和圆网造纸机
The fourdrinier and vat machine

是目前用得最广泛的两类造纸机
are the two widely used machines currently

长网造纸机是目前大、中型纸厂
Fourdrinier is a kind of paper machinery widely used

广泛使用的一种造纸机
in large and medium-sized paper mill

它可以生产绝大多数品种的纸张和纸板It can produce most kinds of paper and paperboard

如新闻纸、印刷纸、书写纸
such as newsprint, printing paper, writing paper

卷烟纸、包装纸及各种纸板
cigarette paper, packaging paper and all kinds of cardboard

各种工业技术用纸等等
all kinds of industrial and technical paper, etc.

圆网造纸机具有结构简单
The vat papermaking machine has the advantages of

占地面积小、制造容易
simple structure, small floor area

投资少、上马快
easy to manufacture, less investment

操作维护简单等优点
fast preparation, simple operation and maintenance

但受到脱水成形结构的限制
but limited by the dehydration forming structure

车速比长网造纸机要低
its speed is lower than that of the fourdrinier

圆网造纸机主要用来生产
Vat paper machinery is mainly used to produce

卫生纸、各种单面光纸
toilet paper, all kinds of single-sided plain paper

包装纸、瓦楞原纸
packaging paper, corrugated base paper

及部分书写纸等
and some writing paper

至于夹网造纸机
As for the twin-wire paper-making machine

属于现代先进造纸机系列
it belongs to the modern advanced paper-making machine series

具有双面脱水
which has the advantages of double-sided dehydration

成纸两面性能差别小
small performance difference between two sides of paper

车速快，生产能力大等优点
fast speed and large production capacity

目前国内的夹网造纸机
At present, the domestic twin-wire paper machinery

主要还是靠前几年从国外引进的
is mainly introduced from abroad in previous years

造纸机的分类
The classification of paper-making machine

有第二级乃至第三级分类
has the secondary or even the third classification

第二级分类是按照
The secondary is classified according to

同一基本形式类别的造纸机中
the specified configuration of the paper machinery

按特定产品的要求
in the same basic form category

所配备的指定配置来划分的
as required by a particular product

另一方面
On the other hand

属于同一个二级分类的造纸机
paper machinery belongs to the same secondary classification

由于车速的大小又可看出
can be classified into the third level

一台造纸机的技术水平
according to the speed

还可以按车速进行第三级的分类
because the speed can tell the technical level of a paper machinery

关于造纸机的分类我们就介绍到这里
That’s all about the classification of paper-making machines

下一节我将给大家介绍一下
In the next section, I'll introduce you

造纸机的规格
to the specifications of paper-making machines