Lecture 2 逻辑分析··在线视频

Hello everyone

Welcome to the online course

Interpreting: Theory and Practice

I’m your lecturer Catherine

In last lecture

we talked about the importance of active listening

But to generate successful interpreting results

you need more than active listening

Another step following active listening

is logical analysis

which is today’s topic

You may wonder what is logical analysis?

How is it connected with interpreting?

Actually

they are connected in every way

Logical analysis refers to a systematic procedure

for the analysis of a text a speech etc.

to identify logically connected statements

In interpreting

logical analysis takes place the same time

as the interpreter listens to the source language

That’s to say

the interpreter has to finish the process of listening

processing

analyzing and producing

within a short period of time

It’s absolutely a challenging skill

and requires plenty of practice

Generally

logical analysis of the information

can be either vertical or horizontal

In vertical logical analysis

the interpreter summarizes the main idea

with one topic sentence or a general statement

This is the uppermost layer of logic

Then

the aspects mentioned around this central issue

are the second layer of logic

What each aspect is about serves as the next layer

In this way

you can analyze information step by step

forming an outline with clear logic

Afterwards

what you need to do

is to retell the source language

based on the outline

Of course

you don’t have to follow the order

and structure of the source language strictly

You may be a little bit confused

Don’t worry Here’s an example for you

Listen to the audio and try to draw a logical map

Welcome back

How’s your map?

The logic of the material is quite clear

and therefore easy to be drawn

Let’s look at the following logical map

In this material

the speaker first stated the topic sentence

namely

girls don’t do as well at maths and science as boys

Then

the speaker continued to give three reasons

each serving as a supporting statement

At last

the speaker concluded

To put it more specific

the logical map can be drawn like this

If you got a similar map

it means you’ve got a grip on vertical logic

Congratulations

The next step is to retell the source language

by looking at the logical map

It’ll be easy

I hope you can give it a try

Unlike logical analysis in vertical way

logical analysis in horizontal way works in a different mode

It aims to make clear the logical connections

within a text or speech

like cause and effect

compare and contrast

exemplification

generalization

sequencing

listing

problem-solution etc

A simple way to work out the logicis

to find clue words

In English

various clue words are used to signify a certain meaning

This picture involves the commonly

used clue words in English

You’re suggested to memorize them

Here’s another example

to practice horizontal logical analysis

Please listen to the audio

find the clue words and try to tell

how they achieve the function of making the passage logical

Have you found all the clue words?

It’s easy to find them

Altogether

this passage contains four clue words

Please look at this picture

Each of them serves a unique purpose

“for example” is used to exemplify

“On the other hand”

means a progressive relationship

“In fact” aims to stress a view or a fact

and the goal of “by comparison” is to compare

By noticing the clue words

you’ll know how the speaker’s tone changes

Sometimes

you can even figure

out what the speaker wants to say

In doing logical analysis

always keep in mind

that you are not receiving information passively

Instead

you concentrate on what you are listening to

and make rational analysis and predictions

based on your understanding of the context

In this way

you’ll be better able to keep up with the speaker

relieve the pressure of listening

as well as make interpreting

more accurate in a relaxing way

In your listening practice

please try to use the skills

you’ve learned in this lecture

With time

you’ll find yourself increasingly adept in logical analysis

This is the end of lecture two

See you next time