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5.3 Leadership Behavior Theory课程教案、知识点、字幕

大家好

这次课我们聊一聊 领导行为理论

在进入这次课程之前

我们先来 想一想

我有一次在给MBA学员上课过程中

一位在商场担任经理职务的学员

说出了他的烦心事

我平时对商场的管理还是比较严格的

只要有时间

我就会到商场巡视

但是我每次巡视时

都会发现有不少员工躲在一边聊天 在隐蔽的地方聊天

并对顾客视而不见

最近一年来商场销售量明显下降了

他无奈地问我

老师 是不是我对员工监管不够

我可不可以安装监视装置

对员工进行全程的严密监督

一旦发现员工没有履行职责

就请他们走人

另一位从事销售工作的学员站起来说

我认为问题的关键不在于严密监督不够

应该了解员工的需求

关心员工的成长与发展

而不是盲目地对员工监管

一时间整个课堂针对这个问题议论纷纷

思考题

从这两位学员的发言中

你认为他们分别属于什么类型的管理风格

哪种管理风格更有效呢

请带着你的思考

进入我们这次课程

领导行为理论

又被称为 领导风格理论

该理论试图解释哪种领导行为或风格更有效

我们重点介绍比较有影响的三种

勒温的领导方式理论

领导行为四分图理论

管理方格理论

德裔美国心理学家勒温

将领导风格分为三种

第一种是 专制型

专制型领导方式认为

下属应该一切行动听指挥

领导做决策与下属无关

下属只能执行

第二种是 民主型

民主型领导方式强调放权

将权利交给下属

强调听取下属意见

进行讨论后做出决策

第三种是 放任型

放任型的领导方式事先无布置

事后无检查 权力完全交给下属

勒温认为

在这三种领导行为中

民主型的领导风格

工作效率最高 是最好的一种领导风格

放任型领导方式工作效率最低

是最差的一种领导风格

领导行为四分图理论是由

美国俄亥俄州立大学学者在1945年提出来的

他们根据 关心任务 程度和

关心人 程度这两个维度

对领导行为进行分类

1 关心任务 维度

分为 高 和 低 两个等级

高任务 是指领导者主要关注的是

怎么样去完成任务

低任务 则是指领导者对于任务的关心程度相对较低

2 关心人 维度

分为 高 和 低 两个等级

高关系 是指领导者

尊重和关心下属的看法和感受

强调建立相互信任的工作关系

低关系 则是指领导者

在这方面的关心程度相对较低

这样 可以将领导行为分为四种

高关系高任务 低关系低任务

高关系低任务 低关系高任务

领导行为四分图认为

高关系高任务是最好的领导行为

管理方格理论是由美国管理学者布莱克

和莫顿在1964年提出的

管理方格理论是在

领导四分图基础上发展而来

管理方格理论也是根据

关心任务 程度和 关心人 程度

两个维度对领导行为进行划分

每个维度划分为9个等级

共有81种不同类型的领导风格

其中有五种典型的领导风格

1 1型 贫乏型的领导

这种领导风格对业绩和对人关心都很少

1 9型 乡村俱乐部型领导

这种领导风格对业绩关心少

对人关心多

9 1型 军事化型 领导

也叫 专制任务式 领导

这种领导风格对任务关心多

但是对人不太关心 作风专制

9 9型 团队型 领导行为

也叫 战斗集体式 领导行为

这种领导风格对任务和对人都很关心

5 5型 中庸型 领导行为

这种领导行为既不是

那么地关心人和关心任务

又不是完全不关心

风格中庸

现实生活中

这5种典型的领导行为都是存在的

管理方格理论认为9 9型

也就是 团队型 领导行为属于

理想式领导行为

勒温领导方式理论

领导行为四分图理论

管理方格理论

都是试图发现一种最理想的领导行为

究竟哪种领导行为的工作绩效最高呢

其实结论是不肯定的

要视具体情况而定

这就是我们下次课

要讲的领导情景理论

现在

我们回到课程开始的 想一想

从这两名位学员的发言中

你认为他们分别是属于什么类型的管理风格

哪种管理风格更有效

我们可以看出

第一位学员强调的是对员工进行监控

靠权力和强制命令来进行管理

属于专制型领导风格

第二位学员强调的是

要给下属较大的工作自由空间

了解员工的需求

关心员工的成长与发展

属于民主型领导风格

这两种风格

不存在哪种最好 哪种最差

首先

专制型领导方式有利于

解决现阶段员工工作懈怠的问题

但是员工大多处于销售职位

自由度较大

监控这种方式只会打击员工积极性

所以只靠专制式方式是

不能从根本上解决员工的问题的

而民主型领导方式虽然

看起来较为适合当前的状况

但是时效性较慢

无法立马解决问题

我的建议是

要将这两种领导方式结合起来

既能提高员工的积极性

又能在短时间内立马见到成效

学以致用

在这次课结束之前

给大家留下思考题

请大家 用一用

阿里巴巴集团马云说

员工的离职原因各种各样

只有两点最真实

1 钱 没给到位

2 心 受委屈了

马云还总结了带团队的两点建议

1 授人以欲

激发员工上进的欲望

让员工树立自己的目标

2 授人以娱

把快乐带到工作中

让员工获得幸福

思考题

请应用领导行为四分图理论进行分析

马云的建议是否有道理

关于思考题的答案

我们会在课程的互动讨论区同大家一起讨论

并给出我们的观点

这次课就到这里

下次课见

Five Disciplines of Management Quality and Ability —— Follow Me to Learn Management课程列表:

Course Introduction: Understanding Management and Management Science

-0.1 What is Management: The Secret of Management is to Borrow Resources

--0.1 What is Management: The Secret of Management is to Borrow Resources

--0.1 What is Management: The Secret of Management is to Borrow Resources

--0.1 What is Management: The Secret of Management is to Borrow Resources

-0.2 Natural Attribute and Social Attribute of Management

--0.2 Natural Attribute and Social Attribute of Management

--0.2 Natural Attribute and Social Attribute of Management

--0.2 Natural Attribute and Social Attribute of Management

-0.3 The Scientificity and Artistry of Management

--0.3 The Scientificity and Artistry of Management

--0.3 The Scientificity and Artistry of Management

--0.3 The Scientificity and Artistry of Management

-0.4 Management Functions, Skills and Roles

--0.4 Management Functions, Skills and Roles

--0.4 Management Functions, Skills and Roles

--0.4 Management Functions, Skills and Roles

-0.5 Case Study: Personal Excellence Doesn’t Mean Much

--0.5 Case Study: Personal Excellence Doesn’t Mean Much

--0.5 Case Study: Personal Excellence Doesn’t Mean Much

--0.5 Case Study: Personal Excellence Doesn’t Mean Much

-0.6 Centennial Management Context (Ⅰ)

--0.6 Centennial Management Context (Ⅰ)

--0.6 Centennial Management Context (Ⅰ)

--0.6 Centennial Management Context (Ⅰ)

-0.7 Centennial Management Context (Ⅱ)

--0.7 Centennial Management Context (Ⅱ)

--0.7 Centennial Management Context (Ⅱ)

--0.7 Centennial Management Context (Ⅱ)

-0.8 Case Study: Management Enlightenment of Journey to the West Team

--0.8 Case Study: Management Enlightenment of Journey to the West Team

--0.8 Case Study: Management Enlightenment of Journey to the West Team

--0.8 Case Study: Management Enlightenment of Journey to the West Team

-Course Introduction Unit Test

The First Discipline: Situation Judgement, Scientific Decision-making

-1.1 Insight into the General Trend of the Environment (Ⅰ): PEST Method

--1.1 Insight into the General Trend of the Environment (Ⅰ): PEST Method

--1.1 Insight into the General Trend of the Environment (Ⅰ): PEST Method

--1.1 Insight into the General Trend of the Environment (Ⅰ): PEST Method

-1.2 Insight into the General trend of the Environment (Ⅱ): Porter’s Five Forces Model

--1.2 Insight into the General trend of the Environment (Ⅱ): Porter’s Five Forces Model

--1.2 Insight into the General trend of the Environment (Ⅱ): Porter’s Five Forces Model

--1.2 Insight into the General trend of the Environment (Ⅱ): Porter’s Five Forces Model

-1.3 Case Study: How McDonald’s Entered Chinese Market

--1.3 Case Study: How McDonald’s Entered Chinese Market

--1.3 Case Study: How McDonald’s Entered Chinese Market

--1.3 Case Study: How McDonald’s Entered Chinese Market

-1.4 Strategic Decision Analysis Tools: SWOT Analysis and BCG Matrix

--1.4 Strategic Decision Analysis Tools: SWOT Analysis and BCG Matrix

--1.4 Strategic Decision Analysis Tools: SWOT Analysis and BCG Matrix

--1.4 Strategic Decision Analysis Tools: SWOT Analysis and BCG Matrix

-1.5 Group Decision-making Tools and Methods: Delphi Method and Brainstorming Method

--1.5 Group Decision-making Tools and Methods: Delphi Method and Brainstorming Method

--1.5 Group Decision-making Tools and Methods: Delphi Method and Brainstorming Method

--1.5 Group Decision-making Tools and Methods: Delphi Method and Brainstorming Method

-The First Unit Test

The Second Discipline: Positive Attitude, Efficient Execution

-2.1 Attitude Determines Everything

--2.1 Attitude Determines Everything

--2.1 Attitude Determines Everything

--2.1 Attitude Determines Everything

-2.2 The Components and Formation of Attitude

--2.2 The Components and Formation of Attitude

--2.2 The Components and Formation of Attitude

--2.2 The Components and Formation of Attitude

-2.3 How to Change the Attitude of Employees

--2.3 How to Change the Attitude of Employees

--2.3 How to Change the Attitude of Employees

--2.3 How to Change the Attitude of Employees

-2.4 Responsibility and Efficient Execution

--2.4 Responsibility and Efficient Execution

--2.4 Responsibility and Efficient Execution

--2.4 Responsibility and Efficient Execution

-2.5 Ethics and Core Values

--2.5 Ethics and Core Values

--2.5 Ethics and Core Values

--2.5 Ethics and Core Values

-The Second Unit Test

The Third Discipline: Efficient Organization, Excellent Culture

-3.1 Basic Issues in Organization

--3.1 Basic Issues in Organization

--3.1 Basic Issues in Organization

--3.1 Basic Issues in Organization

-3.2 How to Establish an Effective Organizational Structure (Ⅰ)

--3.2 How to Establish an Effective Organizational Structure (Ⅰ)

--3.2 How to Establish an Effective Organizational Structure (Ⅰ)

--3.2 How to Establish an Effective Organizational Structure (Ⅰ)

-3.3 How to Establish an Effective Organizational Structure (Ⅱ)

--3.3 How to Establish an Effective Organizational Structure (Ⅱ)

--3.3 How to Establish an Effective Organizational Structure (Ⅱ)

--3.3 How to Establish an Effective Organizational Structure (Ⅱ)

-3.4 Case Study: The Responsibility of the Sales Department

--3.4 Case Study: The Responsibility of the Sales Department

--3.4 Case Study: The Responsibility of the Sales Department

--3.4 Case Study: The Responsibility of the Sales Department

-3.5 Effective Communication Skills

--3.5 Effective Communication Skills

--3.5 Effective Communication Skills

--3.5 Effective Communication Skills

-3.6 Organizational Cultural Function and Content

--3.6 Organizational Cultural Function and Content

--3.6 Organizational Cultural Function and Content

--3.6 Organizational Cultural Function and Content

-3.7 Case Study: Resignation (Ⅰ)

--3.7 Case Study: Resignation (Ⅰ)

--3.7 Case Study: Resignation (Ⅰ)

--3.7 Case Study: Resignation (Ⅰ)

-3.8 Case Study: Resignation (Ⅱ)

--3.8 Case Study: Resignation (Ⅱ)

--3.8 Case Study: Resignation (Ⅱ)

--3.8 Case Study: Resignation (Ⅱ)

-The Third Discipline Unit Test

The Fourth Discipline: Staffing, Effective Motivation

-4.1 How to Recruit Good Staff

--4.1 How to Recruit Good Staff

--4.1 How to Recruit Good Staff

--4.1 How to Recruit Good Staff

-4.2 Motivate Employees’ Work Potential

--4.2 Motivate Employees’ Work Potential

--4.2 Motivate Employees’ Work Potential

--4.2 Motivate Employees’ Work Potential

-4.3 Content-based Incentive Theory (Ⅰ): Hierarchical Theory and ERG theory

--4.3 Content-based Incentive Theory (Ⅰ): Hierarchical Theory and ERG theory

--4.3 Content-based Incentive Theory (Ⅰ): Hierarchical Theory and ERG theory

--4.3 Content-based Incentive Theory (Ⅰ): Hierarchical Theory and ERG theory

-4.4 Content-based Incentive Theory (Ⅱ): Motivator-Hygiene Theory

--4.4 Content-based Incentive Theory (Ⅱ): Motivator-Hygiene Theory

--4.4 Content-based Incentive Theory (Ⅱ): Motivator-Hygiene Theory

--4.4 Content-based Incentive Theory (Ⅱ): Motivator-Hygiene Theory

-4.5 Process-based Incentive theory: Expectation Theory and Fairness Theory

--4.5 Process-based Incentive theory: Expectation Theory and Fairness Theory

--4.5 Process-based Incentive theory: Expectation Theory and Fairness Theory

--4.5 Process-based Incentive theory: Expectation Theory and Fairness Theory

-4.6 Behavioral Transformation Incentive Theory: Reinforcement Theory

--4.6 Behavioral Transformation Incentive Theory: Reinforcement Theory

--4.6 Behavioral Transformation Incentive Theory: Reinforcement Theory

--4.6 Behavioral Transformation Incentive Theory: Reinforcement Theory

-The Fourth Unit Test

The Fifth Discipline: Outstanding Leadership, Reform and Innovation

-5.1 The Essence and Tasks of Effective Leaders

--5.1 The Essence and Tasks of Effective Leaders

--5.1 The Essence and Tasks of Effective Leaders

--5.1 The Essence and Tasks of Effective Leaders

-5.2 Trait Theory of Leadership

--5.2 Trait Theory of Leadership

--5.2 Trait Theory of Leadership

--5.2 Trait Theory of Leadership

-5.3 Leadership Behavior Theory

--5.3 Leadership Behavior Theory

--5.3 Leadership Behavior Theory

--5.3 Leadership Behavior Theory

-5.4 Leadership Situation Theory

--5.4 Leadership Situation Theory

--5.4 Leadership Situation Theory

--5.4 Leadership Situation Theory

-5.5 Innovation and Entrepreneurship

--5.5 Innovation and Entrepreneurship

--5.5 Innovation and Entrepreneurship

--5.5 Innovation and Entrepreneurship

-5.6 Two New Trends of Innovation

--5.6 Two New Trends of Innovation

--5.6 Two New Trends of Innovation

--5.6 Two New Trends of Innovation

-The Fifth Unit Test

Final Exam

-Final Exam

5.3 Leadership Behavior Theory笔记与讨论

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