Video在线视频

Hello everyone

Welcome to my class

I'm Cherry chen

In this part

we will focus

on the medical teaching literature

Welcome everyone

In this part

we would focus on

the second part of these five parts

医学专业教材的语言特点和阅读

That is the reading skills

for medical teaching material

We would divide this part

into three little parts

What is medical teaching material

and what are the language features

And then how to read it

Now what is medical teaching material

or what are medical teaching materials

Basically

there are some contents

usually appeared in this part

like definition and history

and epidemiology

etiology and assessment

clinical feature investigations

and differential diagnosis

The last part is about management

of the disease and the prognosis

So what are the language features

I would focus on two parts

two parts

The first is lexical features

And then

we focus on the sentence features

For the lexical features

the first one

is formal words are usually used

For example

those familiar words

the common general words

like tell same

popular illness doctor

would be replaced by inform

identical prevalent

ailment and physician

That means usually in these materials

we would find inform

instead of tell like that

And the second feature

is about the medical terms

Usually you would find the terms

would be very difficult for you

They would combine the prefixed

roots or stems and the suffixes

like this one psychotic

You'll find psycho plus a suffix tic

And epidemiology

You will find epidemic

plus a suffix logy which means study

And pharmacological

you'll find a pharmaco and logy and cal

two suffixes

So the medical terms

would be a little more complicated

but the verbs would be very simple

because this is at least

teaching materials for you

to get familiar with the medical knowledge

So it wouldn't be very difficult

So simple words like require

Involve suggest stop

And another feature for lexical features

I would like to introduce you

a new term

amphibious words

Amphibious means

两栖

So what does 两栖词 mean

Amphibious words means those words

in common context

would have a different meaning

in the professional field

通常的意思在专业领域会附加新的意义

For example

reduction in common field

in common context means 减少

but in professional medical literature

it means复位

And crystallize means

结晶 in common fields

But now in medical field it means

开始形成

结晶 开始形成

indication commonly means

表示

but in professional field it means

指征 适应症

And failure means

失败

in common field

But here in professional field

it means 衰竭

And management

means管理commonly

But here in professional medical literature

you find it means 用药

And next part

So we focus on sentence features now

First

you would find simple present tense

一般现在时

For example

like this sentence

The initial treatment setting

depends on

第三人称单数

depends on the presentation

and severity of illness

And also you find a simple past tense

过去时

现在时

His description placed

more emphasis on thought disorder

and negative symptoms

then on positive symptoms

And also you find another tense like

present perfect tense

For example

the concept of this disorder

has involved during this century

And present progressive tense

like increasingly sophisticated

neuroimaging techniques

are starting

to consistently identify structural

and functional abnormalities

associated with schizophrenia

And another sentence feature

is about the complicated structure

For example

the stressful life events is the subject

And here occur is the predicate verb

谓语动词

And there another predicate verb

may precipitate

So we got two so there is a compound

So this is a compound sentence

是一个复合句

And it's also a simple structure Right

结构还是很简单的

This complicated adverbial part

有一点复杂的状语结构

makes the whole sentence

a little complicated

And with this intrusive ones

有插入语

在这个里面也让句子显得复杂一些

And next one

Because the subject

is a very long noun phrase

这个句子的逗号前面是一个非常长的名词词组

we find the recent identification of

several dopamine receptor subtypes

and successful use of clozapine

This is the subject

the noun phrase

and with the intrusive part

which has little affinity

for the D-2 receptor

but here is also

with this part

right

So but which is a strong antagonist of D1

D4 and 5-HT2 receptors

So here we found the predicate

这时候才到了谓语部分

The recent identification of

something suggests something

suggests a more complex mechanism

than previous thought

So because it's a little complicated

with the sentence structure

when we read this kind of literatures

we should pay attention to

Now read headings

and subheading first as well

And then view tables and diagrams

Here gives you an example here

You focus on the table and you read

for the fifty percent and fifty percent part

You find parents

and you find monozygotic twins

right

同卵双胞胎

然后父母有这样的遗传病史

And also like this table

And another skill is

you try to notice the highlighted parts

like this in the green part

Right

This is for the suggestion

how to deal with this kind of disease

And for the difficult words

you can use the roots

prefix and suffix

to guess the word's meaning

For example

aetiology

aeti means aitia

means cause

And ology means study

So aetiology means the study

of the course of the disease

Antiparkisonian

anti means cure

And Parkison is a kind of disease

So antiparkisonian means about

this is the adjective

ian means the adjective

So this is adjective form

It means about

curing an parkinson

this kind of disease

And neurotransmitter

ter means the subject

the object

the staff

Ok the objects

which try transmit through nerves

Neuro means nerve

And also try to understand

the basic structure

before reading the modifiers

If the sentence is very complicated

you just get the basic structure first

and then

go to the modifiers to find the logic

So for this sentence

for example

Furthermore

drugs are known

to cause psychotic symptoms

What kind of drugs

Then you go to the modify part

like potentiate this pathway

for example

amfetamines

antipakisonian drugs like that

So let's come to the summary

To summarize this part

So medical teaching materials

have some specific lexical sentence

and textual features

which make the materials

more difficult to understand

So by reading the headings

the tables

the diagrams

and highlighted information

and also by guessing the words

analyzing the basic structures

reading becomes easier and more efficient

So we focus on headings

Tables diagrams

and highlighted information

and try to guess the words

analyze the basic structure

That's all for this part

So let's look at the assignments

Also you have to read the sample chapter

crash course psychiatry again

and try to make an outline of it

and compare yours with your classmates

The second assignment

is try to find a chapter

in the medical teaching material

for your major

read and discuss your reading process

with your teacher

Okay

That's all for this part

medical teaching material

Thank you for joining us