当前课程知识点：医学专业英语 > 2. Medical Literacy and Terminology (专业术语的构成和专有符号等) > Pharmacology(药理) > Video
Hello 大家好
我是中南大学外国语学院石海英
我们一起学习医学术语
In this unit
we’re going to deal with pharmacology
Pharmacology is the study of the
Discovery properties
and uses of drugs which are substances
used to prevent or treat a disease or condition
So we’ll deconstruct the word
来分析一下这个词
pharmac/o 指的药
-ology是什么什么学
那么接下去会经常碰到pharmac/o这个词根
It contains many subdivisions
subdivisions of study
For example like
medicinal chemistry is the study of
new drug synthesis and the relationship
between chemical structure and biologic effects
Here med has some relationship with medicine
chem/o是指的化学
and an other
the second
is pharmacodynamics
pharmacodynamics involves the study of
a drug’s effects in the body
So it comes from pharmac/o
and pharmac/o
I put a question mark here
这里打一个问号
来看看pharmac/o refers to 药
dynamics是动力学或者力学
dynam/o是一个医学方面的表现力或者动力
-ics专业 学
那我们之后的讲解当中碰到
前面出现过的词根或者是词缀
I’ll put this question mark here
来看一看有没有记住
接下去 pharmacokinetics
pharmac/o means medicine
means drug medicine
kine or kinesi/o or kinet/o
动 表示运动
-ics refers to the study of
So pharmacokinetics is the study of
a drug’s absorption
distribution into body compartments
metabolism and excretion over a period of time
And after that
we’ll come to molecular pharmacology
molecular molecul/o 是分子
molecular是来自mole 团或者是
-cule是指极小的东西
Molecular pharmacology involves the
interaction of drugs and subcellular entities
such as DNA RNA and enzymes
It provides important information about
the mechanism of action of drugs
And well this
chem/o again chemotherapy
chem/o refers to
related to chemistry
Therapy is the way to treat the disease
We know this word
And toxicology tox/o
toxic/o refers to poison毒
后面的
-ology the study of 什么的一个学科
So toxicology is the study of the
harmful effects of drugs and chemicals on the body
Toxicologic studies are conducted in animals
as required by law
before new drugs can be tested in humans
So pharmac/o
pharmacology or pharmacist
pharmacy mainly involves the drug and medicine
And there are three kinds of drug names
It can be divided into 3 different kinds of drug names
One is chemical name
It’s the exact chemical makeup of the drug
It’s usually very long and complicated
But there are also ways to learn this vocabulary
It’s in chemistry
And another is generic name
it’s legal and scientific identification of the drug
generally shorter and less complicated
easier to remember
The third one is brand name
it is the trade mark
It is the private property of the
individual drug manufacturer
It refers to the drugs that
have already got the patent
就是指的专利药
在处方上面
这个标志就是registered drug
已注册的药物
这个是有药监局或者是什么机构认定
他是已经能够合法使用的那种药物
Come to the Route of Administration
There are several routes of administration
The first is the Oral administration
You will swallow it
And then we have sublingual administration
sub-是指在什么下面
sublingual是指的舌下
lingu/o作词根表示舌头
-al是形容词后缀
那么这是舌下的用药
and then the third is Rectal administration
rect/o是词根
是rectum means 直肠
然后-al是形容词后缀
接下来是这个是Parenteral administration
par-和para-这个是其实是同样的
都是一个前缀
但是在元音前和在辅音前会不一样
同样这里加个a也是因为想要能够发音
能够便利于发音
它在什么旁边
enter/o enter/o是肠
那么不经过肠子的
这里是指的注射用药物的这种途径
关于注射用药还有其他的几种
具体来讲
types of parenteral injections and instillation
injection 是向内
ject是投掷 -tion是名字的后缀
那么instillation in- 指向内 still是滴落
and –tion -ion是名词的后缀
Now we’ll move on to these
one by one
the first one is intracavitary instillation 是腔内
cavity 是腔
这个 the second is intradermal injection
intra-是什么内 derma derm是皮肤
再看 -al是一个后缀
是形容词 表示什么什么内的
intradermal是皮内注射
and subcutaneous
sub-是指什么 在什么之下
cutaneous 这个是来自拉丁语的一个词根
是表示皮 皮肤
那么-ous是形容词后缀
再加一个-ly是副词的后缀
subcutaneous injection
这里如果再加一个-ly的话
就是一个副词了
这个后缀还是比较常见的
And next is intramuscular
intra-也是在什么之内
muscul/o是指的肌肉
-al是形容词的后缀
and then intrathecal
intra- 在什么之内
thec是鞘或者是膜
-al是形容词的后缀
这个是鞘内的灌注 instillation
intrathecal instillation
and 最后一个
intravenous injection
intravenous venous是静脉
intra-就是在什么之内
那么它是静脉注射
这些都是注射用药
除此之外
就还有一个Inhalation吸入用
吸入性用药
inhalation是
in-是表示向内 吸入
hale means breathe breathe in
那向外吐气 吸气 呼气
用exhale ex-加hale 表示向外
-tion是一个名词的后缀
the last one is Topical application
topical是主题的
这里是指的点 地方
topical application is applied to
a particular place on or in the body
So in this collective and
word-building-analysis way
we’ll be able to enlarge our vocabulary
more efficiently and much more easily
My lectures
mainly focusing on the approaches of
deconstructing medical terminologies so as
to reach the vast and complicated vocabulary
now is coming to an end
I can just set examples to show you
the way to get over the obstacles
the rest
all depends on your systematic
and efficient study
Please deal with the exercises after you
have watched the video clips
Hope you make it
这个课就到此为止
谢谢大家 再见
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