2.2.2学习风格与学习类型在线视频

我们知道现在的学生们
We know that today's students

他们都是互联网的原住民
are living in an environment where the Internet is easily accessible.

那么这些学生
What are the needs of

他们在学习过程中
these students for online education

对在线教育的需求是什么样的呢
in their learning process?

那这个层面上刚才讲的
Actually, just now you talked about

就是互联网的原住民学生所具备的
the ability of these students have who are familiar with

这些能力方面
the Iinternet.

因为这部分学生他从小
Because these students

他就开始在数字化学习的环境中
started to learn in a digital environment

开始相关的一个学习
since they were little,

利用了各种各样的设备
they can use various of devices,

比方手机 我们的平板电脑 计算机
such as mobile phones, tablet computers, and computers.

像这样子的上网
They surf the Iinternet

看各种各样的就是一个
and watch various kinds of things

相关的数字化的学习的一些东西
related to E-learning.

我们的学生已经具备了
The students have had

相关的信息素养能力
relevant information literacy,

比如在网上的检索 查询
for example, online search and inquiry.

然后使用的相关的学习的软件
And they can use relevant learning softwares.

那这样子也就是
In other words,

学生具备了数字化学习的能力
the students already have access abilities forto e-learning.

比如让学生
For example,

在网上里面老师布置一个任务
after the teacher assigns a task online,

他可以在网上查找相关的资料
students can search for related information online

来撰写相关的材料
to write relevant materials.

那这样就提供了现在我们讲的
So without being trained, students

在慕课学习的平台上
can directly learn online

学生就基本上不需要培训
on the learning platforms

他就可以直接在网上学习
such as MOOCs.

这就体现了我们讲
So it shows that

学生他已经具备了数字化学习的能力
the students already have capability to e-learnfor e-learning.

我们知道不同的人
We know that different students

他所偏向的学习风格是不一样的
have different preferences for their learning styles.

那么从这种个性化的学习风格的角度
How can we understand online education

怎么看这个在线教育
from the perspective of personalized learning styles?

也就是说在线教育
In other words, online education

它应该能够更好的去适应
should be able to better adapt to

不同人的学习风格
the learning styles of different students.

学习风格是
Learning style is

个性化学习的一个非常重要的一个要素
a very important element of personalized learning.

那么首先我们看看什么是学习风格
First, let's take a look at the concept of learning style.

所谓的学习风格
Learning style

是指一个人在学习过程中
refers to a person's subjective preference for

所接受信息的或者保留信息
the way to receive, keep,

处理信息
and process information

这个主观偏向的一种方式
in the learning process.

也就是实际上我们讲的
Actually that is the subjective preference

接收 保留 处理
for the three processes:

这三个过程的这个主观偏向
receiving, keeping and processing.

也就是根据
That is based on

学习他的特征是怎么样来弄的
the learning characteristics of students.

那这样一个就体现在这学习过程
It is reflected in the learning process.

就是一个认知的一个过程
It is a cognitive process.

那么就从这个角度来讲
So from this perspective,

就是学习风格就是一个认知风格
the learning style is a cognitive style.

那认知风格就是
Cognitive styles

非常影响我们的一个学习的方式
play an important role in learning.

那认知风格又是怎么样的呢
What is a cognitive style?

它是指一个人
It refers to the way

常用的处理资讯的一种方法
a person processes information.

也就是说一个人
In other words, it refers to

在记忆 思考 解决问题的
a person's usual way of thinking

惯用的思维方式
when memorizing, thinking and solving problems.

在我们在谈到学习风格的时候
When we talk about learning styles,

也就是谈论着
we talk about

每一个独特的一个学习的方式
each individual's unique way of learning

以及他的偏好
and their preferences.

学生在整个学习过程中
During students' learning process,

他的学习是分成不同类型的
there are different types of learning

他的学习方式是不一样的
and different ways to learn.

那么不同类型的学习方式呢
Different ways to learn

对于这个教学模式的需求
require different

它也是不同的
models of teaching.

从学习风格层面来讲
In terms of learning styles,

可以分成四种学习的类型
there are four types of learning.

首先是一种视觉型
First, visual learning.

第二是听觉型
Second, auditory learning.

第三个是动作型
Third, kinesthetic learning.

那第四一个是一个综合型
Fourth, comprehensive learning.

那我每一个我们着重解释一下
I'll explain them one by one.

那视觉型是目前我们是
Currently, the way of learning

多数学习的学习方式都称作视觉型学习
which is most frequently used is visual learning.

那这种比如像现在我们在慕课平台上
For example, on the platform of MOOCs,

所看到的视频的那一块
we can watch videos.

我们很多都喜欢在听老师来
Many students like to listen to the teacher

视频层面上来讲课
via videos.

那主体这个里面
So the students

就是一个视觉的一种类型
are mainly visual learners.

那第二个听觉类型
As for auditory learning,

就是比如像我们在网上去听
for example, when we listen to

这种英语的课程的时候
English courses online,

那主要是听这个层面上的
it is mainly about auditory learning.

有的同学他是偏重是这个
Some students prefer auditory learning.

听觉感觉是他的一个
Auditory learning is a good way to learn

比较好的一种学习的方式
for them.

那第三种方式是动作型
The third way is kinesthetic learning

或者叫运动型
or kinetic learning.

那这种方式主要是
With kinesthetic learning, students mainly

学生有通过动手做的这种方式
combine learning

把它结合起来
with doing things.

比如讲我们的运动
For example, sports courses.

特别是体育系的有些课程
Especially, Physical Education Department courses.

它属于操作类型的这种课程
They belong to courses of operation.

那这种课程里面
In such courses,

就是通过动作的时候
when students utilize movements,

学生他把每个动作做到位
they try to do each movement accurately

把它这个知识和技能两个
and combine their knowledge

把它结合起来
with skills.

那这个方面就是体现这种动作
So in this regard, action is taken.

那另外还有一种
The other type is

就是属于综合型
comprehensive learning.

他把几种方式融合起来
They combine several styles.

这个视觉方面也可以
It includes visual learning,

听觉也行
auditory learning,

另外还有动作
as well as kinesthetic learning.

那在这里面
In this regard,

我们体现的就是注重学的一些东西
what we attach importance to in learning

就把它结合起来了
is combined.

又有做又有动又有看的这个方面
This involves doing and watching.

那整个的学习过程里面呢老师
During the whole learning process, teachers,

我们根据学生他的不同的风格
on the basis of students' different learning styles,

那么我们设计成这四种类型
design these four types of

来选择设计的这样的教学的内容
teaching materials,

符合学生们根据它自己的特征
which is in line with the fact that the students learn

来进行这样的学习
according to their own characteristics.

那个吴老师我有个问题
Mr. Wu, I want to ask a question

像这个视觉型
about visual learning.

那学生看书是不是也属于视觉型的
Is reading books a kind of visual learning too?

阅读的话
Reading,

这是也是一种
is one kind of

也是属于视觉的
visual learning.

但是当我们给学生提供
But when we provide the students

慕课这种形式的时候
with MOOCs,

慕课里面我想他有视频可以看
they watch teachers giving lectures

看老师讲课
through videos.

可能还有这个文字材料给出来
There may be written materials shown

在屏幕上要是看
on the screen for the students to see.

然后老师在讲课
When the teacher is giving a lecture,

有的时候可能还要放一点录音
sometimes he or she also plays recordings may need playing

给学生听一听
for the students to listen to.

如果是那种边讲边练的课件
If the courseware involves both lecturing and practicing,

是不是也就算它是动作了
can it be considered kinesthetic learning, too?

动手交互是吧
Do-it-yourself interaction, right?

它可以像语言编程的
It can be something like

像这样的东西
language programming.

所以那么我们从这四个
So, after analyzing these four

不同的学习类型来看
different learning styles,

确实如果说
we find that if we want to

要把它们综合运用的比较好的话
use them comprehensively,

在线课程还是一种比较好的形式
online courses are is actually a good method.

是这样子的
That's true.

特别是把视觉听觉动作
Especially, when the visual sense, the auditory sense, and action

这几个方面都综合起来
are combined,

那整个
as we have done a psychological experiment

我们从心理学做过一次实验
related to the learning styles,

这样他学习的效果
students' learning effect

比采用单一的学习的方式
is much better than when

它的效果就要好得多
they adopt a single way of learning.