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大家好！欢迎学习《实用英语写作》在线课程。英语文章根据其主要表达方式可分为记叙文、描写文、议论文和说明文四种常见文体。今天我们讨论记叙文写作: 叙述得当有办法。

记叙文是讲述一件事或一系列事情。真实或虚构的故事、自传、日记、新闻、通讯等都在记叙文之列。记叙文用途非常广泛，也是大学英语各类等级考试作文常出的题型。那么在文章中叙述得当有什么办法呢？如何写出一篇感人的记叙文呢？Let’s begin our class.

First, let’s talk about the features of Narration. In a narrative essay, you tell a story about a personal experience. Here are some features of narration.·It uses all the story elements: a beginning, middle and ending, plot, characters, setting and climax. ·It is usually told chronologically.·It has a purpose, which is usually stated in the opening paragraph.·It may use dialogues.·It is usually written in the first person, but third person may also be used.

Second, I’ll give you some tips on making a good narration. When writing a narrative essay, remember that you are sharing some emotional details with the readers. There are some tips to tell the story interestingly and make a good narration. (1) Get an idea and then turn your idea into a story plot. (2) Develop your story based on relevant details that contribute to your purpose of writing.(3) Follow a logical time sequence. Besides a chronological order, you may also use flashbacks and flash forwards to help the story build to a climax. (4) Use time signals such as when, after, next, while, during, and finally to help connect details as you move from the beginning to the middle and to the end of the narration. (5) Your words need to be vivid and colorful to help the reader feel the same feelings that you felt.

Now, let’s take an example to see how to write a narrative essay successfully.

The topic is A heartbreaking story.

Before writing the essay, we should make an outline and have a clear structure of the essay. Please have a look at the outline.

Outline

Introduction:

Thesis statement: I felt heartbroken when I found out what had happened on Mary’s side.

Body:

Detail 1: Where I saw Mary had a picture taken together with a guy

Detail 2: What I conversed with Mary regarding the picture

Detail 3: How I felt and how I reacted to the incident

Conclusion: I walked away understanding what was meant by a broken heart.

In the introduction, put out the thesis statement and make sure it contains the emotion you will focus on.

In the body, list three relevant details involved in the experience according to the time order.

In a conclusion, make clear a final thought that you have made after the event.

Next we can follow the outline to write the essay. And don’t forget the tips to make a good narration. Please read paragraph one, the introduction.

Mary and I had gotten engaged in August, just before she graduated from college. One month ago, I drove up to her campus dormitory to see her as a surprise, but the trip turned out miserable. I felt heartbroken when I found out what had happened on her side.

In this paragraph, some of the elements in narration are introduced: Characters: Mary and I, Time: one month ago, Place: her campus dormitory, Event: the trip to see her turned out miserable. The last sentence is the thesis statement. The author’s emotion will focus on heartbroken. It’s a beginning that attracts us.

Next let’s read the body of the essay. Let’s see how the story develops.

When I knocked on the door of her dorm room, she was indeed surprised, but not in a pleasant way. Then I asked Mary how classes were going, and at the same time I tried to pull off my heavy sweater. As I was throwing it over my head, I noticed a large photo on the wall of Mary and a tall guy laughing together.

It was decorated with paper flowers and a yellow ribbon, and on the ribbon was written “Mary and Blake”. “What’s going on?” I asked, standing there stunned and angry. “Who’s Blake?” Mary laughed nervously and said, “What do you want to hear about, my classes or Blake?”.

At this time, I felt a terrible pain in the pit of my stomach, and I wanted to rest my head on someone’s shoulder and cry, but I did nothing. Angrily, I pulled on my sweater again. My knees felt weak, and I barely had control of my body. I opened the door, and I wanted to slam the door shut. Instead, I managed to close the door quietly.

In the body, we can see a clear account of what happened with 3 relevant details. In detail 1, there are time signals. By using time signals, the narration is coherent and natural. In detail 2, there are dialogues. Using dialogues makes the readers on the real scene and creates a dramatic effect. In detail 3, there are psychological activities: feel a terrible pain, feel weak, angrily, quietly. Narration often goes hand in hand with description. So the above three details make the narration very moving and attractive.

Now let’s go to conclusion, the last paragraph.

Anyway, I walked away understanding what was meant by a broken heart. Hope this feeling will never come to me again in the rest of my life.

Here, in the last paragraph, the author ends with a final thought about his story: I walked away understanding what was meant by a broken heart. Do you think it’s a moving ending?

OK, let’s summarize what we talk about today. We learn some tips on making a good narration and illustrate how to write a narrative essay successfully. Hope you can use these tips in writing your own essay. Practice makes perfect.

All right, today we’ll stop here. Thank you. See you next time.