2.3 食在中国 Eating in China在线视频

朋友 您好
Hello！Friends!

欢迎您《走近中国》
Welcome to Overview of China

了解更多关于中国的知识
know more knowledge about China.

今天
Today

让我们一起来感受食在中国的美妙
let's enjoy the taste of food in China.

民以食为天
"Food is the essence of the people."

食在中国人的生活中占有着重要的地位
Food plays an important role in Chinese life.

中国人见面打招呼时
When Chinese greet each other

也常用 您吃了吗 来表示问候
they often use "Have you eaten yet?" to say hello.

中国的饮食文化
Culture of Chinese Food

中国人非常重视饮食
Chinese people take food so seriously

从食材选择
that, either the choice of food ingredients

到烹饪方法的运用都十分讲究
or the use of cooking methods are performed in a very particular way

从而形成了
the food culture has been developed

注重色香味俱全的饮食文化
with great focus on color, fragrance and taste of food as a whole.

中国幅员辽阔
China covers a vast territory

不同地域因气候 地理不同 口味不同
the taste differs among various regions with different climate and location

进而形成了不同的菜系
which has developed different cuisines.

笼统地说
Generally speaking

中国饮食是南米北面
Chinese people have rice in south and wheaten food in north

南甜北咸 东辣西酸
“south sweet, north salty, east hot and west sour”.

各具特色
each has its own distinctive character in flavor

八大菜系
Eight Regional Cuisines

先来了解一下中国饮食文化中的八大菜系吧
Let’s started with the eight regional cuisines from the culture of Chinese food.

法国的服装 中国的菜
"French clothes, Chinese food."

中国菜受到了世界各国人民的喜爱
Chinese food is widely popular all over the world.

中国餐馆遍布世界各地
Chinese restaurants are all over the world,

成为感受中国文化的重要窗口
become an important window for foreigners to experience Chinese culture.

地方特色菜
Local Special Dishes

中国人特别注重食材的新鲜性
Chinese people take very seriously the freshness of food ingredients,

往往就地取材 现做现吃
and often obtain local ingredients to cook for immediate enjoyment of food

形成了 靠山吃山 靠水吃水 的地方特色
which is characterized as local features of "living off mountains and waters".

现如今
Nowadays

全国各地几乎都有自己的特色菜
almost all parts of the country have their own special dishes.

如北京烤鸭 新疆大盘鸡 四川火锅
such as Beijing roast duck, Xinjiang big plate chicken, Sichuan hot pot

重庆小面 扬州炒饭 河南烩面
Chongqing noodles, Yangzhou fried rice, Henan steamed noodles

鲤鱼焙面等等
carp baked noodles and so on

都是地方特色菜
those above are all local specialties.

用黄河大鲤鱼制作的鲤鱼焙面
roasted carp noodles,which is cooked with the Yellow River carp

中国菜不仅讲究色香味俱全
Chinese food puts emphasis not only on color, fragrance and flavor

还讲究食物的医用价值
but also on the medical value of food.

中医认为
Traditional Chinese medicine holds that

医食同源
"medicine and food are originated from the same source",

很多疾病可以依靠 食疗 的方法来解决
so that many diseases can be cured by means of "food therapy".

中国传统医学经典著作《黄帝内经》
The Yellow Emperor's Medicine Classic, a classic work of traditional Chinese medicine

提出了饮食养生理念
puts forward the concept of health care in food and drink,

直到今天仍然在中国人的饮食习惯中占有重要的地位
which still plays an important role in Chinese eating habits.

随着季节变换
As the seasons change,

人们也会选用不同的食材
people also choose different ingredients

用以进补或者调理身体
for taking extra nourishment or physically conditioning.

南方气候湿热
It is hot and humid in the south

南方人普遍喜欢饮用凉茶
Southerners are generally inclined to have herbal tea

达到防暑降温的功效
in case of heatstroke by cooling down with it.

他们往往煲各种汤 用于滋补身体
They often cook various soups to nourish their bodies.

地处北方的人们
people in the north

为了应对干燥寒冷的气候
in order to cope with the dry and cold climate

往往食用各种粥类
often have various kinds of porridge

用以驱寒取暖
for warming themselves against coldness.

夏季人们往往饮用绿豆汤
In summer, people often have mung bean soup

用来防暑降温
in case of heatstroke by cooling down with it

秋冬季食用萝卜 羊肉等
In autumn and winter they have radish, lamb

这些具有通气润肺
and other food with functions of ventilating

滋补气血的食物
moistening the lungs and nourishing the qi and blood.

中医认为
Traditional Chinese medicine holds that

有了各种丰富的食物
as there is a rich variety of food

也需要养成健康的饮食习惯
it is also necessary to develop healthy eating habits

才能保证身体的健康
in order to ensure a healthy body.

因为食物能补充人体需要的各种养分
It is because that food can provide all kinds of nutrients acquired by the human body

增强机体免疫力
thus to prevent many diseases

从而预防很多疾病
by enhancing its immunity.

民间谚语里有很多关于食物药用的例子
There are many examples of medicinal use of food in folk proverbs

冬吃萝卜夏吃姜 不用医生开药方
"Taking radish in winter and ginger in summer will keep the doctor away"

常吃葱姜蒜 不用上医院 等
"More onions, ginger and garlic, no need to see a doctor" and so on.

也有 早上吃好
There are also concepts of healthcare in food and drink that "eat well in the morning”

中午吃饱 晚上吃少 的健康饮食理念
“full at noon and less in the evening”.

风味小吃
Local Snacks

除了特色菜以外
Besides special dishes

还有种类繁多的各地风味小吃
there are many kinds of local snacks.

比如煎饼果子 冰糖葫芦 肉夹馍
For example, Chinese pancakes, Candied Haws, meat steamed buns

热干面 酸辣粉 米粉
hot and dry noodles, hot and sour noodles, rice noodles

麻辣烫 小笼包 生煎包
spicy hot pot, small steamed buns, fried buns

年糕 凉面 臭豆腐等
rice cakes, cold noodles, stinky tofu and so on.

豆腐是中国人在饮食上的一项伟大发明
Tofu is a great invention by Chinese people in food culture.

自西汉时期起
Dated back to Western Han dynasty

中国人就发明了豆腐
Chinese people had invented tofu.

把黄豆磨成豆汁
by grinding soybeans into soybean juice

加入石膏等卤水
adding brine such as gypsum,

静置若干时间后 就可以形成豆腐
and standing for a period of time.

由此也衍生出种类繁多的豆类制品
Out of this, a wide variety of legume products have been derived

如豆腐皮 豆腐干 豆腐脑 臭豆腐等
such as tofu skin, dried tofu, tofu jelly, stinky tofu, etc.

这些风味小吃让人回味无穷
These delicious snacks tend to lead people to endless aftertastes

改变了很多人的味蕾
and would change many people's taste buds.

曾在中国留学的金伯亮就被中国的小吃深深吸引
Jin Boliang, who had studied in China, was deeply attracted by Chinese snacks.

回到美国后
When he returned to the United States,

在纽约开起了煎饼店 生意十分火爆
he opened a pancake shop in New York with brisk business.

他说 很高兴能把中国的街头小吃在美国推广开来
He said he was glad to promote street snacks from China all over the United States.

极具特色的菜名文化
Distinctive Food-Naming Culture

中国人不仅重视食材的新鲜性
Chinese people put emphasis not only on the freshness of food ingredients

和食物的做法
and cooking methods,

还讲究菜名的新颖性 文化感
but also on naming food in senses of novelty, culture

具有美好的寓意等
implied with a good moral and so on.

中国菜名也极具文化特色
Chinese food names are also featured with cultural characters.

从不同的角度和方式为菜品命名
By naming food from different angles and ways

使我们在享受美味的同时
it enables us to enjoy the delicious taste,

也在享受别具特色的中国语言文化
and meanwhile enjoy the unique language culture of Chinese as well.

比如 佛跳墙 东坡肉
For example, "Buddha jumping over the wall", "Dongpo meat"

麻婆豆腐 四喜丸子
"Mapo tofu", "Sixi meatballs"

大丰收 狮子头 地三鲜
"Big harvest", "Lion head", "Sauteed Potato green pepper and eggplant"

夫妻肺片 蚂蚁上树
" Sliced beef and ox organs in chili sauce ", "Ants climbing tree"

虎皮尖椒 松鼠桂鱼 等
"Seared green chili pepper", "Sweet and sour Mandarin fish" and so on.

这些菜名都十分形象
These dishes are named vividly,

有些还具有丰富的历史文化气息
and some are named in rich historical and cultural sense.

比如东坡肉就是宋朝文人苏东坡发明的做法
For example, Dongpo meat was invented by Su Dongpo, a scholar of the Song Dynasty

因而用其名字命名
so it was named after him.

再比如蚂蚁上树
Another example is “ants climbing trees”

是用肉粒撒在粉丝上
that have grained meat sprinkled on vermicelli

就像蚂蚁爬到了树上
just like ants climbing trees.

如果单纯从汉字的字面意思看
If you just simply read the Chinese characters

经常会让人摸不着头脑
it often makes you feel confused.

十分讲究的餐桌礼仪
Elegant Table Manners

经过细致的食材选择 各具特色的烹调
After careful selection of food ingredients with unique cooking methods

最后菜品端上桌子
and finally dishes on the table

如何文明地用餐
how to eat with manners

也是非常讲究的
is also very particular.

因为中国人认为
Because Chinese people believe that

食物不仅只是为了填饱肚子
food is not only for filling their stomachs

它更承载着一种文化
but also bears a kind of culture

凝聚着一种中国智慧
condenses a kind of Chinese wisdom,

反映中国人的审美情趣和生活态度
and reflects the Chinese people's aesthetic taste and attitude to life.

吃饭用的桌子分为圆桌和方桌
Dining tables are divided into round tables and square tables.

在餐桌上
At the table

有着严格的长幼尊卑之序
there is a strict order of superiority and inferiority between the elders and the younger

座次往往是固定的
and the seats are often fixed.

这与西方圆桌会议上的无固定座次有着明显不同
This is obviously different from Western round tables with non-fixed seats.

一般来说
Generally speaking,

主人和尊贵的客人有着固定的座位
the host and the distinguished guests have fixed seats

其余的人依年龄和职位高低依次落座
while the rest are seated according to their age and social status.

如果您真的不知道如何落座
If you really don't know where to sit down

可问询主人
just ask the host.

中国人使用筷子夹食物
Chinese people use chopsticks to hold food

而不使用刀叉
instead of knives and forks.

筷子是中国人的伟大发明之一
Chopsticks are one of the great inventions by the Chinese people.

它饱含着中国智慧和哲理
They are full of Chinese wisdom and philosophy

也承载着中国人的情感和记忆
as well as bearing the feelings and memories of the Chinese people.

那么您真的懂筷子吗
So do you really understand chopsticks?

让我们来一起了解一下筷子的文化吧
Let's learn about the culture of chopsticks.

筷子成双出现
Chopsticks come in pairs

寓意好事成双成对
which means good things come in pairs.

筷子一头为圆形
Chopsticks are round at one end

一头为方形
and square at the other

这不仅便于夹紧食物
which is not only convenient for clamping food

也是中国人天圆地方哲理的体现
but also reflects the Chinese philosophy of round sky and square earth.

传承 明礼 关爱 守望 睦邻
Inheritance, courtesy, care, expectations and good-neighborliness

这是中国人永恒不变的主题
are the eternal themes for the Chinese people.

酒文化
Wine Culture

中国人以好客出名
Chinese people are famous for their hospitality.

为了照顾好客人
In order to take good care of their guests

往往会在餐桌上提供白酒用以助兴
the hosts often provide liquor at table to help them enjoy themselves.

何以解忧 唯有杜康
"Dukang is the only way to alleviate worries."

据传说
According to the legend

中国的酿酒始于杜康
Chinese liquor-making was initiated by Dukang.

用纯粮酿造
It was made from pure grains

酒精浓度较高
with high alcohol concentration

制成各具特色的白酒
which resulted in the production of distinct white wine.

比如茅台 五粮液 汾酒
For example, Maotai, Wuliangye, Fenjiu

泸州老窖 竹叶青酒 都是享誉世界的名酒
Luzhou Laojiao and Zhuyeqing are all world-renowned wines.

经过千百年以来的演变
After thousands of years of evolution,

形成了博大精深的酒文化
a broad and profound wine culture has been developed.

比如倒酒要倒满
For example, when pouring wine, the wine must be full

敬酒时酒杯口位置要低于对方的酒杯
and the top of the glasses should be held lower than that of the other’s.

敬酒要依次敬酒等
The toast should be proposed in turn

以表示尊敬
in order to show one’s respect.

茶文化
Tea Culture

中国人喜欢喝茶
Chinese people are inclined to drink tea

也常用茶招待朋友和客人
and often entertain friends and guests with it.

中国是茶的故乡
China is the homeland of tea.

茶的品种多样
There is a rich varieties of tea

比如西湖龙井 碧螺春 黄山毛尖
such as West Lake Longjing, Biluochun, Huangshan Maojian

信阳毛尖 铁观音 普洱茶等
Xinyang Maojian, Tieguanyin, Pu'er tea and so on,

都是深受人们喜爱的茶叶品种
as popular tea varieties.

中国的茶种植最早始于四千多年以前
The earliest tea planting in China began more than 4,000 years ago.

在唐朝时期
During the Tang Dynasty

陆羽编著了《茶经》 被誉为茶圣
Lu Yu, known as the Tea Saint, compiled the Book of Tea.

从此之后逐渐形成了中国的茶道文化
Since then, the Chinese tea culture has gradually developed

茶成为一种大众化的绿色饮料
and become a popular green drink.

好 今天的分享就到这儿了
Well, that's all for today's food in China.

如果您对中国美食及中国饮食文化感兴趣
If you are interested in Chinese food and Chinese food culture

可以观看中央电视台摄制的纪录片《舌尖上的中国》
you can watch the documentary "A Bite of China" produced by CCTV

再从中领略中国人舌尖上的味道
which allows you to enjoy a taste of the Chinese food.

好 今天的我们的食在中国之旅就到这儿了
Well, that's all for today's food in China.

让我们稍作休息
Let's have a break .

接着开启新的旅程吧
and start a new tour in the following.