4.1.3 唐诗宋词 Chinese Tangsong Poetics在线视频

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Hello, my friends

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Welcome to The Overview of China

了解更多关于中国的知识
and know more knowledge about China.

今天
Today

我们继续欣赏
we will continue to appreciate

中国文学史上的两颗明珠
the two pearls in the history of Chinese literature.

唐诗 宋词
Tang poetry and Song Ci poetry .

唐代
The Tang Dynasty

是中国封建社会的鼎盛时代
was the heyday of Chinese feudal society

也是文学全面繁荣的时代
and was also an era of comprehensive prosperity of literature

强大的国力
its strong national strength

兼收并蓄的文化精神
eclectic cultural spirit

和丰厚的文化积累
and rich cultural accumulation

为唐诗的繁荣
had prepared sufficient conditions

准备了充足的条件
for poetry prosperity of the Tang Dynasty.

宋代
The Song Dynasty

继承了唐诗的遗产
inherited the poetry legacy of the Tang Dynasty

并在体制
and made innovation in the system

题材与功能上进行创新
theme and function

成为词的时代
thus becoming the era of Ci poetry.

唐诗与宋词
Tang poetry and Song Ci

是中国文学史上的两颗明珠
are two pearls in the history of Chinese literature.

唐诗
Tang Poetry

唐代是中国诗歌发展的黄金时代
The Tang Dynasty was the golden age of Chinese poetry.

涌现出众多的诗人和作品
Numerous poets and works emerged.

全唐诗
The Complete Poetry of the Tang Dynasty

收录唐诗4.89万首
contained 48,900 poems

2200多名作者
by more than 2,200 poets.

有 初唐四杰 的
There were Wang Bo, Yang Jiong, Lu Zhaolin, and Luo Binwang

王勃 杨炯 卢照邻 骆宾王
who were called the Four Great Poets of the Early Tang Dynasty.

有诗仙李白和诗圣杜甫
There were Great Li Du composed of

组成的 大李杜
the Poetic Genius Li Bai and the Poet Sage Du Fu.

以及李商隐和杜牧
and the Little Li Du composed of

组成的 小李杜
Li Shangyin and Du Mu

有山水田园派的
there were Wang Wei and Meng Haoran

王维 孟浩然
of the landscape and pastoral poetry school.

有边塞诗派的
there were Gao Shi, Cen Shen and Wang Changling

高适 岑参 王昌龄
of frontier fortress poetry school

有 诗魔 和 诗王 之称的
there was Bai juyi who was called

白居易
The Marvelous Master of Poetry and The King of Poetry

还有
as well as

前不见古人
Chen Zi'ang who wrote Behind me I do not see the ancient me.

后不见来者 的陈子昂
Before me I do not see the ones to come.

有 春江花月夜 的
and Zhang Ruoxu

张若虚 等
who wrote The Moon over the River on a Spring Night, and so on.

唐诗有了严格的韵律
Tang poetry has a strict rhythm

讲究平仄
pay attention to the flat

形式有五绝
The form has five-character poems of four lines

七绝
seven-character poems of four lines

五律
five-character poems of eight lines

七律
seven-character poems of eight lines

和排律等
and long poems in regulated verse.

唐诗的主题有爱情
The themes of the Tang poetry are love

友情 理想 田园
friendship, ideal, pastoral

山水 边塞等
landscape, frontier and so on.

唐诗的三个主要特点是
The three main characteristics of Tang poetry are

丰富的感情 押韵
rich feeling, rhyme

打动人心的意象
and moving image.

下面 我们就来欣赏 一首李白的诗歌
Now let's enjoy a poem by LiBai.

静夜思
A tranquil night

李白
Li Bai

床前明月光
Before my bed a pool of light

疑是地上霜
I wonder if it's frost aground

举头望明月
Looking up I find the moon bright

低头思故乡
Bowing in homesickness I'm drowned.

这首五言古诗描写了
This five-word poem describes

秋日夜晚
the poet in the autumn night

诗人在屋内抬头望月的感想
looking up at the moon.

诗中运用比喻 衬托等手法
The use of metaphor, foil and other techniques

表达了客居思乡之情
Expressed the homesickness of the guest house

语言清新朴素
the language is fresh and simple

而韵味含蓄无穷
and the lasting appeal is implicit

历来被广为传诵
It has long been widely read.

登鹳鹊楼
On the Stork Tower

王之涣
Wang Zhihuan

白日依山尽
The sun beyond the mountain glows

黄河入海流
The Yellow River seawards flows.

欲穷千里目
You can enjoy a grander sight

更上一层楼
By climbing to a greater height.

这首诗写诗人在登高望远中
this poem is about the extraordinary ambition

表现出来的不同寻常的胸襟抱负
of the poet in his ascent

反映了盛唐时期
It reflects the enterprising spirit of people

人们积极向上的进取精神
in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.

前两句写所见
The first two sentences describe what they saw

白日依山尽
The sun beyond the mountain glows.

写远景 写山
Write the vision, write the mountain

写的是登楼望见的景色
write the view from the tower

黄河入海流 写近景
The Yellow River seawards flows write close

写水 景象壮观
write water, spectacular

气势磅礴
magnificent

后两句写所想
The last two sentences write what you want

欲穷千里目
You can enjoy a grander sight

写诗人一种无止境探求的愿望
To write about the poet's insatiable desire

还想看得更远
to see beyond

唯一的办法就是
The only way to do this is

要站得更高些
to stand taller

更上一层楼
By climbing to a greater height.

欲穷 更上
To be poor and to go up

包含了作者的希望和憧憬
contain the author's hope and vision.

从而把诗篇推引入更高的境界
Thus the poem is pushed into a higher realm

向读者展示了更大的视野
to show the reader a larger vision

成为千古绝唱
become a masterpiece.

山居秋暝
Autumn Evening in the Mountains

王维
Wang Wei

空山新雨后
After fresh rain in mountains bare

天气晚来秋
Autumn permeates evening air.

明月松间照
Among pine-trees bright moonbeams peer

清泉石上流
Over crystal stones flows water clear.

竹喧归浣女
Bamboos whisper of washer-maids

莲动下渔舟
Lotus stirs when fishing boat wades.

这首诗描绘了
This poem describes

秋雨初晴后
the beautiful scenery of the mountain village

傍晚时分山村的旖旎风光
and the honest fashion of the villagers in the evening

和村民的淳朴风尚
after the first clear autumn rain.

表现了诗人寄情山水田园
It shows the poet's satisfaction

并对隐居生活怡然自得的满足心情
with the seclusion life

以自然美来表现
Natural beauty to show

人格美和社会美
the beauty of personality and society.

全诗把空山雨后的秋凉
The poem makes the autumn cool the after rain in mountains bare

松间明月的光照
the light of the moon between the pines,

石上清泉的声音
and the sound of the clear spring on the stone

以及浣女归来
And the noise and laughter of the silk maid

竹林中的喧笑声
returning from the bamboo forest

渔船穿过荷花的动态
and the motion of the fishing boat across the lotus,

和谐完美地融合在一起
Harmoniously and perfectly integrated

像一幅清新秀丽的山水画
like a fresh and beautiful landscape painting

又像一支恬静优美的抒情乐曲
Like a quiet and beautiful lyric music

体现了王维
It embodies the characteristics of Wang Wei's

诗中有画 的创作特点
creation of painting in poems.

登高
On the Height

杜甫
Du Fu

风急天高猿啸哀
The wind so swift, the sky so wide, apes wail and cry

渚清沙白鸟飞回
Water so clear and beach so white, birds wheel and fly.

无边落木萧萧下
The boundless forest sheds its leaves shower by shower

不尽长江滚滚来
The endless river rolls its waves hour after hour

万里悲秋常作客
Far from home in autumn, I' m grieved to see my plight

百年多病独登台
After my long illness, I climb alone this height.

艰难苦恨繁霜鬓
Living in hard times, at my frosted hair I pine.

潦倒新停浊酒杯
Pressed by poverty, I give up my cup of wine.

这首诗在唐代七律中
This poem ranks the first in the Tang Dynasty

排第一位
among the seven-character regulated verses of eight lines

无论是格律还是内容 都堪称
Both the rhythm and the content were exemplary

七律的典范之作
works of the seven-character regulated verses of eight lines

前四句写景
The first four sentences describe what the poet saw and heard

写的是诗人登高的所见所闻
when he ascended the heights.

对于秋季江边的空旷寂寥的景色
It is a good description of the empty and lonely scenery

进行了很好的描绘
by the river in autumn

颈联和尾联主要在于抒情
The last four sentences mainly expressed the poet's emotion

抒发了自己的遭遇
which express his own experience

老无所依
of having no place to rely on at old age.

尤其是
In particular,

万里悲秋常作客
Far from home in autumn, I' m grieved to see my plight

百年多病独登台
After my long illness, I climb alone this height.

被誉为 两句九悲
was known as the nine griefs in two sentences

意思是
which meant that

两句古诗有九重悲情
there were nine griefs in this two sentences .

这首诗很好地体现了
This poem is a good example

杜甫沉郁顿挫的风格
of Du Fu's melancholy style

诗人一生穷困潦倒
The poet was poor all his life,

却给后人留下了丰富的精神文化
but he left a rich spiritual culture for his posterity.

宋词
Song Ci

词是一种音乐文学
Ci was a kind of musical literature

是宋代最有代表性的文学形式
which was the most representative literary form in the Song Dynasty.

诗言志
Poems express aspirations

词言情
and Ci expresses feelings.

宋词的题材多集中在
The theme of Song Ci mainly focuses on

伤春悲秋
such aspects as sorrow in spring and sorrow in autumn,

离愁别绪
sorrow in parting,

风花雪月
romance in flowers and snow

男欢女爱等方面
and love in men and women.

宋词句子有长有短
Song Ci sentences have long and short sentences

便于歌唱
easy to sing.

宋词有特定的词牌名
Song Ci has specific tune names

比如 蝶恋花
such as Love of Butterfly ,

水调歌头 等
Prelude to Water Melody and so on.

词牌名的后面
The content after the tune name

才是词的题目
is the title of the Ci poetry.

根据风格的不同
According to the different styles

宋词分为
Song Ci is divided into

婉约派
the graceful and restrained school

和 豪放派 两大类
and the bold and unconstrained school.

豪放派具有阳刚之美
The bold and unconstrained school has the beauty of masculinity

代表词人主要有苏轼
and the representative poets are mainly Su Shi

辛弃疾 陆游 等
Xin Qiji Lu You etc.

婉约派具有阴柔之美
The graceful and restrained school has the feminine beauty

代表词人主要有李清照
and its representative poets mainly include Li Qingzhao

柳永 秦观 晏殊等
Liu Yong Qin Guan Yan Shu and so on.

下面我们来欣赏一首苏轼的词
Here's a song from Su Shi

水调歌头
Prelude to Water Melody

明月几时有
How rare the moon, so round and clear!

苏轼
Su Shi

丙辰 中秋
Prelude to Water Melody on the mid-autumn festival

欢饮达旦 大醉
I drank happily till dawn

作此篇 兼怀子由
and wrote this in my cups while thinking of Ziyou.

明月几时有
How long will the full moon appear?

把酒问青天
Wine cup in hand, I ask the blue sky

不知天上宫阙
I do not know what time of the year

今夕是何年
Twould be tonight in the palace on high.

我欲乘风归去
Riding the wind, there I would fly

又恐琼楼玉宇
Yet I'm afraid the crystalline palace would be

高处不胜寒
Too high and cold for me.

起舞弄清影
I rise and dance, with my shadow I play.

何似在人间
On high as on earth, would it be as gay?

转朱阁
The moon goes round the mansions red

低绮户
Through gauze-draped window soft to shed

照无眠
Her light upon the sleepless bed.

不应有恨
Why then when people part

何事长向别时圆
is the oft full and bright?

人有悲欢离合
Men have sorrow and joy; they part or meet again

月有阴晴圆缺
The moon is bright or dim and she may wax or wane.

此事古难全
There has been nothing perfect since the olden days.

但愿 人长久
So let us wish that man，will live long as he can

千里共婵娟
Though miles apart, we'll share the beauty she displays.

这首词以和弟弟苏辙
The Ci poetry is based on the emotion that

七年未见之情为基础
the poet hadn’t seen his younger brother Su Zhe for seven years.

围绕中秋明月
and made imagination and thinking

展开想象和思考
centering on the Mid-Autumn moon.

把人世间的悲欢离合之情
It incorporated the joys and sorrows of the world

纳入对宇宙人生的哲理性思考之中
into the philosophical reflection on the life of the universe

反映了作者复杂
reflected the poet's complex

而又矛盾的思想感情
and contradictory thoughts and feelings

又表现出作者热爱生活
It also shows the author's love of life

与积极向上的乐观精神
and positive and optimistic spirit.

欣赏完豪放派苏轼的词
After appreciating the Ci poetry of Su Shi

我们再来欣赏一首
let's appreciate a Ci poetry

婉约派的词
of the graceful and restrained school

如梦令
Tune: Like A Dream

李清照
Li Qingzhao

昨夜雨疏风骤
Last night the strong wind blew with a rain fine

浓睡不消残酒
Sound sleep did not dispel the aftertaste of wine.

试问卷帘人
I ask the maid rolling up the screen.

却道海棠依旧
The same crab-apple tree, she says, can be seen. )

知否
But don't you know

知否
oh, don't you know

应是绿肥红瘦
The green should be plump and the red lean.

这是一首著名的
This was a famous Ci poetry

伤春惜时词
about griefs over the passing of spring and cherishing the time.

仅用33个字
and with only 33 words

便将少女惜春伤时的情怀描绘了出来
it described the maiden's feelings of cherishing spring and griefs over the passing of time,

让读者感慨动容
which made the readers feel moved.

李清照
Li Qingzhao

作为婉约词派的代表
as a representative of the graceful and restrained school

被誉为
was known as

千古第一女词人
The First Female Poet of Ci Poetry in China

词中皇后
and Queen of Ci Poetry.

2018年的古装电视剧 知否知否 的剧名
The name of the 2018 costume TV series The Story of Minglan

就来自李清照的这首词
just came from Li Qingzhao's this Ci poetry.

好
Ok

关于唐诗宋词
That's all for our appreciation of

我们先欣赏到这里
poetry of the Tang Dynasty and Song

谢谢
Thank you